{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7119476996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","title":"Predicting the Severity of Postoperative Symptoms Following Mandibular Third Molar Extractions Using Machine Learning Techniques","display_name":"Predicting the Severity of Postoperative Symptoms Following Mandibular Third Molar Extractions Using Machine Learning Techniques","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7119476996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41537199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.62713/aic.4090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","pdf_url":"https://storage.annaliitalianidichirurgia.it/AIC/2009560421065920500/application/AIC-97-1-162-174.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54302288","display_name":"Annali Italiani di Chirurgia","issn_l":"0003-469X","issn":["0003-469X","2239-253X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annali Italiani di Chirurgia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://storage.annaliitalianidichirurgia.it/AIC/2009560421065920500/application/AIC-97-1-162-174.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122310040","display_name":"Qianqian Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0388-2183","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0388-2183"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qianqian Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122355133","display_name":"Huan Ge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiayue Xiang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiayue Xiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yiming Gao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 200011 Shanghai, China","Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 200011 Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025 Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1365,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90728843,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"97","issue":"1","first_page":"162","last_page":"174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.8574000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.8574000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.0754999965429306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.01940000057220459,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mandibular-third-molar-extraction","display_name":"mandibular third molar extraction","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-pain","display_name":"postoperative pain","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postoperative-symptoms","display_name":"postoperative symptoms","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-prediction","display_name":"risk prediction","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severity-prediction","display_name":"severity prediction","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-boosting","display_name":"gradient boosting","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nomogram","display_name":"nomogram","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/external-validation","display_name":"external validation","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operative-time","display_name":"operative time","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-adults","display_name":"young adults","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9713000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34626388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q721129","display_name":"Nomogram","level":2,"score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202271784","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189218","display_name":"Molar","level":2,"score":0.4943000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020452639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q454812","display_name":"Clinical judgment","level":2,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992652257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202517","display_name":"Mandibular third molar","level":3,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198433322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3910099","display_name":"Predictive value of tests","level":2,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30036603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17125150","display_name":"Severity of illness","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020225094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80091","display_name":"Area under curve","level":3,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34585555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368723","display_name":"Learning curve","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.26089999079704285}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093743","descriptor_name":"Random Forest","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093743","descriptor_name":"Random Forest","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093743","descriptor_name":"Random Forest","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000093743","descriptor_name":"Random Forest","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098404","descriptor_name":"Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098404","descriptor_name":"Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098404","descriptor_name":"Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098404","descriptor_name":"Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098412","descriptor_name":"Predictive Learning Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098429","descriptor_name":"Classification Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098429","descriptor_name":"Classification Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098429","descriptor_name":"Classification Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098429","descriptor_name":"Classification Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098437","descriptor_name":"Prediction Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098437","descriptor_name":"Prediction Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098437","descriptor_name":"Prediction Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098437","descriptor_name":"Prediction Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003663","descriptor_name":"Decision Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003663","descriptor_name":"Decision Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003663","descriptor_name":"Decision Trees","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008334","descriptor_name":"Mandible","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008964","descriptor_name":"Molar, Third","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010149","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010149","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010149","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010149","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Pain","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012372","descriptor_name":"ROC Curve","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014081","descriptor_name":"Tooth Extraction","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018570","descriptor_name":"Risk Assessment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049451","descriptor_name":"Nomograms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.62713/aic.4090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","pdf_url":"https://storage.annaliitalianidichirurgia.it/AIC/2009560421065920500/application/AIC-97-1-162-174.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54302288","display_name":"Annali Italiani di Chirurgia","issn_l":"0003-469X","issn":["0003-469X","2239-253X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annali Italiani di Chirurgia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41537199","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41537199","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annali italiani di chirurgia","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.62713/aic.4090","doi":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.62713/aic.4090","pdf_url":"https://storage.annaliitalianidichirurgia.it/AIC/2009560421065920500/application/AIC-97-1-162-174.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S54302288","display_name":"Annali Italiani di Chirurgia","issn_l":"0003-469X","issn":["0003-469X","2239-253X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","poland-40","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annali Italiani di Chirurgia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5213086009025574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7119476996.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7119476996.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"AIM:":[0],"This":[1,29],"study":[2,32],"aims":[3],"to":[4,181],"develop":[5],"and":[6,16,48,55,75,95,118,164,190,222],"externally":[7],"validate":[8],"machine-learning":[9,80],"models":[10],"that":[11,229],"effectively":[12],"predict":[13],"the":[14,110,126,132,136,149,175,198,204,215,219,223,230],"risk":[15,238,257],"severity":[17],"of":[18,142,162,168,208],"postoperative":[19],"symptoms":[20,261],"one":[21],"week":[22],"following":[23],"mandibular":[24],"third":[25],"molar":[26],"extractions.":[27],"METHODS:":[28],"retrospective":[30],"cohort":[31],"included":[33],"321":[34],"patients":[35,276],"(18-35":[36],"years":[37,255],"old)":[38],"who":[39],"underwent":[40],"lower":[41],"third-molar":[42,263],"surgery.":[43],"Demographics,":[44],"Pell-Gregory":[45,49],"vertical":[46],"(PGV)":[47],"level":[50],"(PGL)":[51],"classifications,":[52],"surgical":[53],"variables,":[54],"day-7":[56],"pain":[57],"visual":[58],"analogue":[59],"scale":[60],"(VAS)":[61],"were":[62,69,179],"recorded":[63],"for":[64,236,250,258,281],"all":[65],"participants.":[66],"The":[67,155,193],"data":[68],"randomly":[70],"divided":[71],"into":[72],"training":[73],"(70%)":[74],"validation":[76,137,270],"(30%)":[77],"datasets.":[78],"Five":[79],"algorithms-Gradient":[81],"Boosting":[82,87],"Machine":[83],"(GBM),":[84],"Extreme":[85],"Gradient":[86],"(XGBoost),":[88],"Random":[89],"Forest":[90],"(RF),":[91],"Decision":[92],"Tree":[93],"(DT),":[94],"Neural":[96,150],"Network":[97,151],"(NNET)-were":[98],"developed":[99],"using":[100],"nested":[101],"cross-validation.":[102],"Model":[103],"performance":[104],"was":[105],"assessed":[106],"through":[107],"area":[108,202],"under":[109,203],"receiver":[111],"operating":[112],"characteristic":[113],"(AUROC)":[114],"values,":[115],"Brier":[116,166],"scores,":[117],"calibration":[119,160,216],"slopes,":[120],"with":[121,139],"a":[122,159,165],"nomogram":[123,231,243],"constructed":[124],"from":[125],"best-performing":[127],"model.":[128],"RESULTS:":[129],"GBM":[130,156,194],"achieved":[131,200],"highest":[133],"discrimination":[134,212,249],"on":[135],"dataset":[138],"an":[140,201],"AUROC":[141],"0.687":[143],"(95%":[144],"CI,":[145],"0.624-0.744),":[146],"followed":[147],"by":[148],"(AUROC":[152],"=":[153],"0.677).":[154],"model":[157],"yielded":[158],"slope":[161],"0.98":[163],"score":[167],"0.225,":[169],"indicating":[170,210],"excellent":[171],"predictive":[172],"accuracy.":[173],"However,":[174,265],"top":[176],"six":[177],"predictors":[178],"found":[180],"be":[182],"operative":[183],"time,":[184],"mouth":[185],"opening,":[186],"PGV,":[187],"PGL,":[188],"smoking,":[189],"preoperative":[191],"symptoms.":[192],"model,":[195],"which":[196],"underlies":[197],"nomogram,":[199],"curve":[205,217,225],"(AUC)":[206],"value":[207],"0.666,":[209],"its":[211],"capability.":[213],"Additionally,":[214],"confirmed":[218],"model's":[220],"accuracy,":[221],"decision":[224],"analysis":[226],"(DCA)":[227],"suggested":[228],"provides":[232,244],"clinically":[233,247],"promising":[234],"potential":[235],"effective":[237],"stratification.":[239],"CONCLUSIONS:":[240],"A":[241],"GBM-based":[242],"moderate":[245],"yet":[246],"useful":[248],"healthy":[251],"adults":[252],"aged":[253],"18-35":[254],"at":[256],"severe":[259],"early":[260],"after":[262],"extraction.":[264],"this":[266],"approach":[267],"requires":[268],"external":[269],"in":[271],"older":[272],"or":[273],"medically":[274],"complex":[275],"before":[277],"it":[278],"is":[279],"recommended":[280],"clinical":[282],"predictions.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-01-09T00:00:00"}