{"id":"https://openalex.org/W71193088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","title":"The Human Subject","display_name":"The Human Subject","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W71193088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","mag":"71193088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of Research Methods in Human Operant Behavior","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1732066480","display_name":"Handbook of Research Methods in Human Operant Behavior"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057392756","display_name":"Carol A. Pilgrim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-7501","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2099-7501"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153901656","display_name":"University of North Carolina Wilmington","ror":"https://ror.org/02t0qr014","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153901656"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carol Pilgrim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, 28403, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, 28403, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153901656"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057392756"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153901656"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2936,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95093063,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"15","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12430","display_name":"Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology","score":0.025299999862909317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3200","display_name":"General Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-behavior","display_name":"human behavior","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavior-analysis","display_name":"behavior analysis","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experimental-design","display_name":"experimental design","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-questions","display_name":"research questions","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.5921387672424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49106359481811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778567606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41797435","display_name":"Cullin","level":5,"score":0.413921982049942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38548898696899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3837854266166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.12472409009933472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09291809797286987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25602115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407111","display_name":"Ubiquitin","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134459356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4274835","display_name":"Ubiquitin ligase","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1947-2_2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463937","display_name":"Springer eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Handbook of Research Methods in Human Operant Behavior","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56137242","https://openalex.org/W62037267","https://openalex.org/W125419702","https://openalex.org/W163928261","https://openalex.org/W224049361","https://openalex.org/W233099559","https://openalex.org/W338492675","https://openalex.org/W408650089","https://openalex.org/W581871345","https://openalex.org/W601293185","https://openalex.org/W1964159998","https://openalex.org/W1964416104","https://openalex.org/W1964913877","https://openalex.org/W1967992372","https://openalex.org/W1968536508","https://openalex.org/W1971867367","https://openalex.org/W1972850108","https://openalex.org/W1980454963","https://openalex.org/W2008748072","https://openalex.org/W2015235594","https://openalex.org/W2018873624","https://openalex.org/W2029205094","https://openalex.org/W2030483567","https://openalex.org/W2030814761","https://openalex.org/W2032895226","https://openalex.org/W2033802694","https://openalex.org/W2034139494","https://openalex.org/W2039253056","https://openalex.org/W2049895612","https://openalex.org/W2052613194","https://openalex.org/W2054930544","https://openalex.org/W2058045175","https://openalex.org/W2060411489","https://openalex.org/W2060735535","https://openalex.org/W2066181171","https://openalex.org/W2071916155","https://openalex.org/W2072098768","https://openalex.org/W2073294982","https://openalex.org/W2081814807","https://openalex.org/W2083289738","https://openalex.org/W2084051761","https://openalex.org/W2085361406","https://openalex.org/W2088523287","https://openalex.org/W2111432539","https://openalex.org/W2133203426","https://openalex.org/W2140073232","https://openalex.org/W2160410044","https://openalex.org/W2161292954","https://openalex.org/W2167851578","https://openalex.org/W2206312351","https://openalex.org/W2305572548","https://openalex.org/W2324780403","https://openalex.org/W2342511991","https://openalex.org/W2469172133","https://openalex.org/W4236639491","https://openalex.org/W4250368223"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W87178834","https://openalex.org/W313820048","https://openalex.org/W96562081","https://openalex.org/W2060578149","https://openalex.org/W78562605","https://openalex.org/W408650089","https://openalex.org/W92852471","https://openalex.org/W4249810888","https://openalex.org/W2470444265","https://openalex.org/W4234556204"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
