{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7119085320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","title":"Potential of Pumpkin (Curcubita maxima) Fruit Used as Functional Food for the Management of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia","display_name":"Potential of Pumpkin (Curcubita maxima) Fruit Used as Functional Food for the Management of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7119085320","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215897","display_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","issn_l":"2347-5641","issn":["2347-5641"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068984298","display_name":"T. A. Aduloju","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207227095","display_name":"Nnamdi Azikiwe University","ror":"https://ror.org/02r6pfc06","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207227095"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aduloju, T. A.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207227095"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086650190","display_name":"Josephine Ozioma Ezekwesili-Ofili","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207227095","display_name":"Nnamdi Azikiwe University","ror":"https://ror.org/02r6pfc06","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207227095"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ezekwesili-Ofili, J. O.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207227095"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121965093","display_name":"O. O. Ajayi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajayi, O. O.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, United State of America"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, United State of America","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045179164","display_name":"Adebayo Afees Oladejo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4207","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-4207","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9141-3622"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I207227095","display_name":"Nnamdi Azikiwe University","ror":"https://ror.org/02r6pfc06","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I207227095"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oladejo, A. A.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Biochemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I207227095"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44431688,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"12","first_page":"200","last_page":"209"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14127","display_name":"Food and Agricultural Sciences","score":0.7958999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14127","display_name":"Food and Agricultural Sciences","score":0.7958999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11140","display_name":"Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies","score":0.1145000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12370","display_name":"Advances in Cucurbitaceae Research","score":0.040300000458955765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cucurbita-maxima","display_name":"Cucurbita maxima","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pumpkin","display_name":"pumpkin","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-foods","display_name":"functional foods","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dyslipidemia","display_name":"dyslipidemia","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proximate-composition","display_name":"proximate composition","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineral-content","display_name":"mineral content","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pumpkin-pulp","display_name":"pumpkin pulp","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pumpkin-seeds","display_name":"pumpkin seeds","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pumpkin-peel","display_name":"pumpkin peel","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-fiber","display_name":"dietary fiber","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutraceuticals","display_name":"nutraceuticals","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-response","display_name":"glycemic response","score":0.7860000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781186446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161180","display_name":"Cucurbita maxima","level":2,"score":0.6606000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.6553000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.6216999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780132029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752276","display_name":"Functional food","level":2,"score":0.5724999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28781525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191907","display_name":"Carotenoid","level":2,"score":0.522599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778096610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476525","display_name":"Dyslipidemia","level":3,"score":0.5206000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.5128999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776940978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956","display_name":"Vitamin","level":2,"score":0.49939998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780022331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199678","display_name":"Vitamin C","level":2,"score":0.4864000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195475562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1639139","display_name":"Phytochemical","level":2,"score":0.45590001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.42480000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14522933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531507","display_name":"Micronutrient","level":2,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124490489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936963","display_name":"Vitamin D and neurology","level":2,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188442228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48286","display_name":"Pulp (tooth)","level":2,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780539549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7252857","display_name":"Proximate","level":2,"score":0.37439998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909552727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3056521","display_name":"Pumpkin seed","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778977261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11358","display_name":"Carbohydrate","level":2,"score":0.3644999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70899900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q290439","display_name":"Polyphenol","level":3,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776652674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273924","display_name":"Glycemic index","level":4,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519063684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706","display_name":"Calcium","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141180","display_name":"Vitamin E","level":3,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529335014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41534","display_name":"Starch","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197371599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7878716","display_name":"Nutrient density","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777108408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11002","display_name":"Sugar","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35127690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2602563","display_name":"Human nutrition","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152572085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2366307","display_name":"Reference Daily Intake","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215897","display_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","issn_l":"2347-5641","issn":["2347-5641"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journalejnfs.com:article/1926","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalejnfs.com/index.php/EJNFS/article/view/1926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215897","display_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","issn_l":"2347-5641","issn":["2347-5641"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2347-5641","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ejnfs/2025/v17i121926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210215897","display_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","issn_l":"2347-5641","issn":["2347-5641"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Nutrition & Food Safety","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9074000120162964,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Type":[0],"2":[1],"diabetes":[2,74,251],"mellitus":[3],"(T2DM)":[4],"and":[5,34,57,75,87,92,99,115,137,165,178,194,212,230,238,252,258,267,284],"dyslipidemia":[6],"remain":[7,47],"major":[8],"global":[9],"health":[10],"concerns,":[11],"driving":[12],"interest":[13],"in":[14,168],"functional":[15,70,248],"foods":[16,71],"that":[17,242],"offer":[18],"safe,":[19],"low-cost":[20],"metabolic":[21,294],"benefits.":[22],"Cucurbita":[23],"maxima":[24,62,79,234],"(pumpkin)":[25],"has":[26],"gained":[27],"attention":[28],"due":[29],"to":[30,65,106],"its":[31,41,244],"rich":[32],"phytochemical":[33],"nutrient":[35],"profile,":[36],"yet":[37],"comprehensive":[38],"evaluations":[39],"of":[40,60],"anatomical":[42],"parts":[43,64,225],"(seed,":[44],"pulp,":[45,91],"peel)":[46],"limited.":[48],"This":[49],"study":[50],"assessed":[51],"the":[52,160,186,208,261,271],"proximate":[53],"composition,":[54],"mineral":[55,259],"content,":[56],"vitamin":[58,135,179,195,203],"profile":[59],"C.":[61,78,233,290],"fruit":[63,80,235],"determine":[66,107],"their":[67],"potential":[68,218],"as":[69,219,246],"for":[72,250,293],"managing":[73],"dyslipidemia.":[76,253],"Fresh":[77],"obtained":[81],"from":[82],"Awka,":[83],"Nigeria,":[84],"was":[85,96,152,166],"authenticated":[86],"separated":[88],"into":[89],"seed,":[90],"peel.":[93],"Each":[94],"part":[95],"oven-dried,":[97],"milled,":[98],"analyzed.":[100],"Standard":[101],"AOAC":[102],"methods":[103],"were":[104,127,143],"used":[105],"moisture,":[108],"crude":[109,112,213],"fat,":[110],"ash,":[111],"fiber,":[113],"protein,":[114,264],"carbohydrate":[116,210],"contents.":[117],"Mineral":[118],"elements":[119],"(Na,":[120],"Fe,":[121],"Zn,":[122],"K,":[123],"Ca,":[124],"Mg,":[125],"Se)":[126],"quantified":[128],"using":[129,145],"Atomic":[130],"Absorption":[131],"Spectrophotometry.":[132],"Water-soluble":[133],"(B-complex,":[134],"C)":[136],"fat-soluble":[138],"(A,":[139],"D,":[140],"E)":[141],"vitamins":[142,229],"measured":[144],"established":[146],"spectrophotometric":[147],"methods.":[148],"Marked":[149],"nutritional":[150,240],"variability":[151],"observed":[153],"across":[154],"plant":[155],"parts.":[156],"The":[157,205,254],"pulp":[158,255],"exhibited":[159],"highest":[161,187,209],"moisture":[162],"content":[163],"(73.98%)":[164],"richest":[167],"potassium":[169],"(11.09":[170],"ppm),":[171,174,177],"calcium":[172],"(12.02":[173],"magnesium":[175],"(10.92":[176],"C":[180],"(7.34":[181],"mg/100":[182,198],"g).":[183],"Seeds":[184],"contained":[185,207,226],"fat":[188],"(26.79%),":[189],"protein":[190],"(14.43%),":[191],"ash":[192],"(9.74%),":[193],"E":[196],"(6.25":[197],"g),":[199],"along":[200],"with":[201],"appreciable":[202],"A.":[204],"bark":[206,273],"(48.41%)":[211],"fiber":[214,222],"(12.35%),":[215],"indicating":[216],"strong":[217],"a":[220,247],"dietary":[221],"source.":[223],"All":[224],"measurable":[227],"B-complex":[228],"trace":[231],"selenium.":[232],"possesses":[236],"diverse":[237],"complementary":[239],"attributes":[241],"support":[243],"use":[245],"food":[249],"provides":[256],"antioxidant":[257],"support,":[260],"seed":[262],"delivers":[263],"unsaturated":[265],"fats,":[266],"lipid-protective":[268],"vitamins,":[269],"while":[270],"fiber-rich":[272],"may":[274],"help":[275],"modulate":[276],"glycemic":[277],"response.":[278],"These":[279],"findings":[280],"justify":[281],"further":[282],"biochemical":[283],"clinical":[285],"studies":[286],"aimed":[287],"at":[288],"standardizing":[289],"maxima-based":[291],"nutraceuticals":[292],"health.":[295]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-01-08T00:00:00"}