{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118214749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","title":"Beyond Production: Employment Dynamics in Nigeria's Horticultural Value Chains","display_name":"Beyond Production: Employment Dynamics in Nigeria's Horticultural Value Chains","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118214749","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/agr.70177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/agr.70177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180723199","display_name":"Agribusiness","issn_l":"0742-4477","issn":["0742-4477","1520-6297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agribusiness","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/agr.70177","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051568624","display_name":"Asha Nalunga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-3087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-3087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Asha Nalunga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5476-3087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075597466","display_name":"Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool\u2010Tasie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-5888","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-5888"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool\u2010Tasie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural, Food, & Resource Economics Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2990-5888","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural, Food, & Resource Economics Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035736120","display_name":"Bernard Bashaasha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-2093","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-2093"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72227227","display_name":"Makerere University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dmz0111","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Bashaasha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5574-2093","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agribusiness and Natural Resource Economics Makerere University Kampala Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051568624"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72227227"],"apc_list":{"value":3800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7281,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88132233,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":0.6011000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11552","display_name":"Global trade, sustainability, and social impact","score":0.6011000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13010","display_name":"Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies","score":0.2703000009059906,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.05920000001788139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticultural-value-chains","display_name":"horticultural value chains","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-structure","display_name":"employment structure","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-patterns","display_name":"employment patterns","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"horticulture","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-employment","display_name":"agricultural employment","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.42800000309944153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6527000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4074000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4049000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.3296999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.23190000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.22439999878406525}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/agr.70177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/agr.70177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180723199","display_name":"Agribusiness","issn_l":"0742-4477","issn":["0742-4477","1520-6297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agribusiness","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.12688/verixiv.2573.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12688/verixiv.2573.1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12688/verixiv.2573.1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/agr.70177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.70177","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/agr.70177","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S180723199","display_name":"Agribusiness","issn_l":"0742-4477","issn":["0742-4477","1520-6297"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agribusiness","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.9208999872207642},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.8928999900817871}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1107042662","display_name":"Michigan State University - to study the role that food markets, and specifically the micro, small, and medium enterprises operating within them, can play in providing afforda...","funder_award_id":"INV-034790","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5021230482","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MICL12077","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312587","funder_display_name":"AgBioResearch, Michigan State University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310016","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312587","display_name":"AgBioResearch, Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332299","display_name":"National Institute of Food and Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/05qx3fv49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332431","display_name":"College of Engineering, Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118214749.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118214749.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W227934002","https://openalex.org/W1598029210","https://openalex.org/W1886620034","https://openalex.org/W1962631897","https://openalex.org/W1973346671","https://openalex.org/W1974858978","https://openalex.org/W1995410581","https://openalex.org/W2075224211","https://openalex.org/W2082816991","https://openalex.org/W2125615994","https://openalex.org/W2167820765","https://openalex.org/W2474100092","https://openalex.org/W2744483867","https://openalex.org/W2783781176","https://openalex.org/W2898151431","https://openalex.org/W2898199958","https://openalex.org/W2905283969","https://openalex.org/W2953010319","https://openalex.org/W2967586219","https://openalex.org/W3021504033","https://openalex.org/W3021797077","https://openalex.org/W3084173533","https://openalex.org/W3092129196","https://openalex.org/W3122877528","https://openalex.org/W3179336877","https://openalex.org/W4224920960","https://openalex.org/W4280585996","https://openalex.org/W4292721594","https://openalex.org/W4307298792","https://openalex.org/W4317042293","https://openalex.org/W4321504183","https://openalex.org/W4400269264","https://openalex.org/W4402992924","https://openalex.org/W4406494289","https://openalex.org/W4407442748","https://openalex.org/W7115072640","https://openalex.org/W7124283843","https://openalex.org/W7139976910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2489857732","https://openalex.org/W6922527296","https://openalex.org/W7099055316","https://openalex.org/W7166878941","https://openalex.org/W3120524927","https://openalex.org/W1004956396","https://openalex.org/W6922674250","https://openalex.org/W2270875465","https://openalex.org/W2518742307","https://openalex.org/W85799544"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Employment":[1],"along":[2],"Africa's":[3],"agri\u2010food":[4],"value":[5,33,97,144],"chains":[6,34,98],"is":[7],"central":[8],"to":[9,163],"economic":[10],"development,":[11],"yet":[12],"research":[13],"has":[14],"primarily":[15],"focused":[16],"on":[17,128],"farm\u2010level":[18],"production.":[19],"This":[20],"study":[21],"examines":[22],"off\u2010farm":[23,61],"employment":[24,77,101,131,169],"patterns":[25],"and":[26,36,43,56,82,85,90,103,105,114,121,137,157,167],"drivers":[27],"across":[28,142],"two":[29,41],"rapidly":[30],"expanding":[31],"horticultural":[32,140],"(tomatoes":[35],"green":[37],"leafy":[38],"vegetables)":[39],"in":[40,76],"economically":[42],"culturally":[44],"distinct":[45],"regions":[46,158],"of":[47,69,88,139,151],"Nigeria.":[48],"Using":[49],"data":[50],"from":[51],"over":[52],"3000":[53],"micro,":[54],"small,":[55],"medium\u2010sized":[57],"enterprises":[58],"spanning":[59],"five":[60],"segments,":[62],"we":[63],"provide":[64,99],"a":[65],"rare":[66],"node\u2010disaggregated":[67],"analysis":[68],"labor":[70,107,115],"use.":[71],"We":[72],"investigate":[73],"the":[74,86,135,143,149,160],"variation":[75],"generation":[78],"by":[79,118],"gender,":[80,119],"region,":[81],"market":[83,122],"factors,":[84],"substitutability":[87],"casual":[89,104,168],"permanent":[91,106,166],"labor.":[92],"Findings":[93],"reveal":[94],"that":[95],"both":[96,165],"significant":[100],"opportunities,":[102],"are":[108],"generally":[109],"complements.":[110],"However,":[111],"hiring":[112],"decisions":[113],"complementarity/substitutability":[116],"vary":[117],"location,":[120],"conditions.":[123],"Rather":[124],"than":[125],"focusing":[126],"exclusively":[127],"business":[129],"creation,":[130],"strategies":[132],"should":[133,147],"support":[134],"growth":[136],"competitiveness":[138],"MSMEs":[141],"chain.":[145],"Policies":[146],"recognize":[148],"interdependence":[150],"value\u2010chain":[152],"segments":[153],"while":[154],"targeting":[155],"nodes":[156],"with":[159],"greatest":[161],"potential":[162],"generate":[164],"opportunities.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-01-05T00:00:00"}