{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7118094910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","title":"Does Frailty Modify the Associations of Late-Life Vascular Risk Factors With Incident Dementia?","display_name":"Does Frailty Modify the Associations of Late-Life Vascular Risk Factors With Incident Dementia?","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7118094910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/9/Supplement_2/igaf122.3918/66247756/igaf122.3918.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735557189","display_name":"Innovation in Aging","issn_l":"2399-5300","issn":["2399-5300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovation in Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/9/Supplement_2/igaf122.3918/66247756/igaf122.3918.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121838174","display_name":"Jason Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109368362","display_name":"Albert Richey Sharrett","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Richey Sharrett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059567873","display_name":"Priya Palta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7153-5100","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7153-5100"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Priya Palta","raw_affiliation_strings":["UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022550187","display_name":"Beverly Gwen Windham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6240-5044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6240-5044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29606459","display_name":"University of Mississippi Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/044pcn091","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29606459","https://openalex.org/I4210141039"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Gwen Windham","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Mississippi Medical Center - The MIND Center, Jackson, Mississippi ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Mississippi Medical Center - The MIND Center, Jackson, Mississippi ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29606459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082266331","display_name":"Pamela L. Lutsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-1340","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1572-1340"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pamela Lutsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015354687","display_name":"Alden L. Gross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-0562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4678-0562"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alden Gross","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016830859","display_name":"Jennifer A. Deal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-048X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-048X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Deal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3977,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3977},"apc_paid":{"value":3977,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3977},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53555256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"Supplement_2","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11011","display_name":"Frailty in Older Adults","score":0.033900000154972076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14144","display_name":"Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frailty","display_name":"frailty","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia-risk","display_name":"dementia risk","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-risk-factors","display_name":"vascular risk factors","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertension","display_name":"hypertension","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-pressure","display_name":"blood pressure","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"diabetes mellitus","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-frailty","display_name":"pre-frailty","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.8690000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.8741999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8356999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.7286999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777952318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583908","display_name":"Vascular dementia","level":4,"score":0.6410999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207103383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246","display_name":"Hazard ratio","level":3,"score":0.5867999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.4885999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.48660001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4032000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.3718999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779668873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693756","display_name":"Lower risk","level":3,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172467417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1670397","display_name":"Neurocognitive","level":3,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984863031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Cognitive decline","level":4,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.29330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266890","display_name":"Vascular disease","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776210653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20707753","display_name":"Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities","level":3,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/9/Supplement_2/igaf122.3918/66247756/igaf122.3918.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735557189","display_name":"Innovation in Aging","issn_l":"2399-5300","issn":["2399-5300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovation in Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:12762656","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12762656/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Innov Aging","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaf122.3918","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/innovateage/article-pdf/9/Supplement_2/igaf122.3918/66247756/igaf122.3918.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735557189","display_name":"Innovation in Aging","issn_l":"2399-5300","issn":["2399-5300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311647","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Innovation in Aging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7658225893974304,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7118094910.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"contribution":[2],"of":[3,16,80,116,238],"late-life":[4],"vascular":[5,65],"risk":[6,39,66,164,220],"factors\u2014hypertension":[7],"in":[8,40,43,93,104,108,127,142,221,240],"particular\u2014to":[9],"dementia":[10,38,83,103,117,125,163,219],"remains":[11],"controversial.":[12],"Given":[13],"the":[14,105],"association":[15],"frailty":[17,70,161,230],"with":[18,37,59,85,217],"lower":[19],"blood":[20],"pressure":[21],"(BP)":[22],"specifically,":[23],"we":[24],"hypothesized":[25],"that":[26],"hypertension,":[27,88],"but":[28],"not":[29],"diabetes":[30,89],"or":[31],"smoking,":[32],"is":[33],"more":[34],"strongly":[35],"associated":[36,84,216],"robust":[41,128,167,223],"than":[42],"pre-frail/frail":[44,143,190,225],"older":[45,241],"adults.":[46],"We":[47,112],"used":[48],"Cox":[49],"proportional":[50],"hazards":[51],"models,":[52],"adjusted":[53],"for":[54,175,183,198,206,235],"demographic":[55],"and":[56,68,90,96,139,160,178,201,213,224],"clinical/lifestyle":[57],"characteristics,":[58],"a":[60],"multiplicative":[61],"interaction":[62,157],"term":[63],"between":[64,158],"factors":[67],"physical":[69],"(robust":[71],"versus":[72],"pre-frail/frail)":[73],"to":[74,186,209,243],"estimate":[75],"cause-specific":[76],"hazard":[77],"ratios":[78],"(HRs)":[79],"11-year":[81],"incident":[82],"elevated":[86,176,199],"BP,":[87],"current":[91],"smoking":[92,214],"community-living":[94],"White":[95],"Black":[97],"participants":[98,129,144],"aged":[99],"67-89":[100],"years":[101],"without":[102],"Atherosclerosis":[106],"Risk":[107],"Communities":[109],"Neurocognitive":[110],"Study.":[111],"then":[113],"stratified":[114],"HRs":[115,169,192],"by":[118],"frailty.":[119],"Overall,":[120],"there":[121],"were":[122,170,193,215],"377":[123],"(15.8%)":[124],"cases":[126],"(n":[130,145],"=":[131,146],"2383;":[132],"mean":[133,148],"age,":[134],"74.2":[135],"years;":[136,151],"55.4%":[137],"female)":[138],"812":[140],"(30.0%)":[141],"2710;":[147],"age":[149],"76.4":[150],"61.3%":[152],"female).":[153],"There":[154],"was":[155],"an":[156],"BP":[159,177,200,239],"on":[162],"(P=.04).":[165],"For":[166,189],"participants,":[168,191],"1.06":[171],"(95%":[172,180,195,203],"CI:":[173,181,196,204],"0.63-1.77)":[174],"1.34":[179],"0.92-1.94)":[182],"hypertension":[184,207],"relative":[185,208],"normal":[187,210],"BP.":[188,211],"0.59":[194],"0.40-0.86)":[197],"0.83":[202],"0.67-1.04)":[205],"Diabetes":[212],"increased":[218],"both":[222],"individuals.":[226],"Our":[227],"findings":[228],"suggest":[229],"status":[231],"could":[232],"be":[233],"useful":[234],"clinical":[236],"management":[237],"adults":[242],"support":[244],"brain":[245],"health.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-01-03T00:00:00"}