{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117367671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","title":"Evaluation of water quality in river Indus at Pattan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan","display_name":"Evaluation of water quality in river Indus at Pattan Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117367671","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","pdf_url":"https://innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/IJB-V15-No2-p200-203.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228880","display_name":"International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)","issn_l":"2220-6655","issn":["2220-6655","2222-5234"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/IJB-V15-No2-p200-203.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085045225","display_name":"Khalid Usman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-2626","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-2626"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology , Hazara University Mansehra , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology , Hazara University Mansehra , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128285504","display_name":"Sadaf Ijaz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172780181","display_name":"University of the Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/011maz450","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadaf Ijaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Earth and Environmental Science , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Earth and Environmental Science , University of the Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172780181"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128289562","display_name":"Sajid Rashid Ahmad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sajid Rashid Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rizwan Ullah Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178777954","display_name":"Kohat University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057d2v504","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178777954"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rizwan Ullah Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , Kohat University of Science &Technology , Kust , Kohat , KP , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , Kohat University of Science &Technology , Kust , Kohat , KP , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178777954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032205009","display_name":"Hazir Rehman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178777954","display_name":"Kohat University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057d2v504","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178777954"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hameed Ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology , Kohat University of Science &Technology , Kust , Kohat , KP , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology , Kohat University of Science &Technology , Kust , Kohat , KP , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178777954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128316263","display_name":"Sidra Tul Munthah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127670440","display_name":"Bahauddin Zakariya University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x817c41","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sidra Tul Munthah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Pure and Applied Biology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Pure and Applied Biology , Bahauddin Zakariya University , Multan , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127670440"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wajid Ullah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178777954","display_name":"Kohat University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/057d2v504","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178777954"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wajid Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry , Kohat University of Science &Technology , Kust , Kohat , KP , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry , Kohat University of Science &Technology , Kust , Kohat , KP , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178777954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112274246","display_name":"Khalid Pervaiz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4394709246","display_name":"Government of Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/0262vjy29","country_code":"PK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4394709246"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khalid Pervaiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries Research & Training Institute , Government of the Punjab , Lahore Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries Research & Training Institute , Government of the Punjab , Lahore Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4394709246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113939368","display_name":"Hakim Khan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I263208278","display_name":"Hazara University","ror":"https://ror.org/018y22094","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hakim Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Genetics , Hazara University Mansehra , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Genetics , Hazara University Mansehra , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I263208278"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092451845","display_name":"Saqib Mujtaba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2654-4441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2654-4441"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saqib Mujtaba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kotal institute of Technology , Meree Colony University road Kohat , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kotal institute of Technology , Meree Colony University road Kohat , Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146850390","display_name":"Shahid Raza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192392021","display_name":"University of Central Punjab","ror":"https://ror.org/04g0mqe67","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192392021"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Raza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Science & Technology , UCP , University of Central Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Science & Technology , UCP , University of Central Punjab , Lahore , Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192392021"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"200","last_page":"203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.6104000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.6104000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.38670000433921814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14249","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/river-water-quality","display_name":"river water quality","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indus-river","display_name":"Indus River","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality-parameters","display_name":"water quality parameters","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolved-oxygen","display_name":"dissolved oxygen","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-conductivity","display_name":"electrical conductivity","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-alkalinity","display_name":"total alkalinity","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-hardness","display_name":"total hardness","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloride","display_name":"chloride","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-dissolved-solids","display_name":"total dissolved solids","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph","display_name":"pH","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-water-suitability","display_name":"irrigation water suitability","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fish-growth-and-survival","display_name":"fish growth and survival","score":0.628000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45812177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432016","display_name":"Alkalinity","level":2,"score":0.9301000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9836676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10450","display_name":"Indus","level":3,"score":0.8396999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129360787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2466917","display_name":"Total dissolved solids","level":2,"score":0.7802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.777899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6270999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198302294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215624","display_name":"Biochemical oxygen demand","level":4,"score":0.5975000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020075751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183314","display_name":"Khyber pakhtunkhwa","level":2,"score":0.4878999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.4747999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.40529999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4891672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3995966","display_name":"Total suspended solids","level":4,"score":0.3901999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64016661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898574","display_name":"Turbidity","level":2,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993729017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1265665","display_name":"Fish pond","level":3,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90195498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183129","display_name":"Water pollution","level":2,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40675005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170196","display_name":"Hydropower","level":2,"score":0.2874999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19570952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905309","display_name":"Suspended solids","level":3,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8625798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752112","display_name":"Surface water","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","pdf_url":"https://innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/IJB-V15-No2-p200-203.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228880","display_name":"International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)","issn_l":"2220-6655","issn":["2220-6655","2222-5234"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.12692/ijb/15.2.200-203","pdf_url":"https://innspub.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/IJB-V15-No2-p200-203.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210228880","display_name":"International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)","issn_l":"2220-6655","issn":["2220-6655","2222-5234"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Biosciences (IJB)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7117367671.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7117367671.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2171195794","https://openalex.org/W3107622640"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7115715981","https://openalex.org/W3182326677","https://openalex.org/W7131347373","https://openalex.org/W2795684944","https://openalex.org/W2181811043","https://openalex.org/W7117384824","https://openalex.org/W4405352326","https://openalex.org/W3135767762","https://openalex.org/W126034","https://openalex.org/W7168273351"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,86],"current":[1],"research":[2],"was":[3],"conducted":[4],"to":[5],"explore":[6],"the":[7,55],"concentration":[8],"of":[9,12],"water":[10,23,90],"quality":[11,24,91],"River":[13],"Indus":[14],"at":[15],"Pattan":[16],"site":[17],"Khyber":[18],"Pakhtunkhwa,":[19],"Pakistan.":[20],"chosen":[22],"parameters":[25,92],"were":[26,52,74,80,93],"Temp":[27],"oC;":[28],"pH;":[29],"Dissolved":[30,46],"Oxygen":[31],"mg/l;":[32,38,41,67],"Electrical":[33],"Conductivity":[34],"\u00b5s/cm;":[35],"Total":[36,39,45,65,68],"Alkalinity":[37,66],"Hardness":[40,69],"Chlorides":[42,72],"mg/l":[43,48,70,73],"and":[44,62,71,100],"Solids":[47],"correspondingly.":[49],"Some":[50],"samples":[51],"analyzed":[53],"on":[54,83],"fields":[56],"like":[57],"pH,":[58],"Temperature,":[59],"TDS,":[60],"E.C":[61],"DO":[63],"while":[64],"examined":[75],"by":[76],"titration":[77],"methods.":[78],"Samplings":[79],"carried":[81],"out":[82],"monthly":[84],"bases.":[85],"results":[87],"revealed":[88],"that":[89],"consider":[94],"suitable":[95],"for":[96],"irrigation,":[97],"fish":[98],"growth":[99],"survival.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2025-12-27T00:00:00"}
