{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117137967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","title":"Risk factors associated with prolonged treatment courses of chronic hepatitis E","display_name":"Risk factors associated with prolonged treatment courses of chronic hepatitis E","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117137967","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42932152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119914596","display_name":"Infection","issn_l":"0300-8126","issn":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101501324","display_name":"Alexander Killer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8427-0266","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8427-0266"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Killer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany. Alexander.Killer@med.uni-duesseldorf.de"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8427-0266","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany. Alexander.Killer@med.uni-duesseldorf.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115944545","display_name":"Elisa Hellendahl","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisa Hellendahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085737498","display_name":"Smaranda Gliga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-504X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8191-504X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Smaranda Gliga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121222547","display_name":"Paul Park","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099086849","display_name":"Carolin Angendohr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4264-0582","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4264-0582"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carolin Angendohr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074052048","display_name":"B. Juel Jensen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bjoern-Erik Ole Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069790994","display_name":"Nadine L\u00fcbke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-7915","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3820-7915"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadine L\u00fcbke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Virology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Virology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048678982","display_name":"Andreas Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8736-0863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8736-0863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Virology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Virology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001433615","display_name":"Guido Kobbe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-8813","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-8813"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guido Kobbe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088047573","display_name":"Titus Watrin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2665-9639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2665-9639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Titus Watrin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Hematology, Oncology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich-Heine-Universit\u00e4t, D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069649296","display_name":"Fabian Vo\u00df","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-9284","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1098-9284"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabian Vo\u00df","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich, Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich, Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079055746","display_name":"Ursala Tokhi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ursala Tokhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich, Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of Heinrich, Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113629395","display_name":"Susanne Mende","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanne Mende","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, Duesseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, Duesseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092581290","display_name":"Olga Tselikmann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga Tselikmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, Duesseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstrasse 5, Duesseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054558829","display_name":"J\u00f6rg Timm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-3045","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-3045"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00f6rg Timm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Virology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Virology, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, University D\u00fcsseldorf, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000874547","display_name":"Tom Luedde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-8821","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-8821","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1990-1784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Luedde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031010591","display_name":"Hans Henrich Bock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-7464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5476-7464"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089242","display_name":"D\u00fcsseldorf University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/006k2kk72","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44260953","display_name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf","ror":"https://ror.org/024z2rq82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hans Henrich Bock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital D\u00fcsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Moorenstra\u00dfe 5, 40225, D\u00fcsseldorf, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101501324"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089242","https://openalex.org/I44260953"],"apc_list":{"value":4790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4790},"apc_paid":{"value":4790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4790},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00316199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12025","display_name":"Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12025","display_name":"Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10151","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus research","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2721","display_name":"Hepatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10340","display_name":"Hepatitis B Virus Studies","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-hepatitis-e","display_name":"chronic hepatitis E","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-e-virus","display_name":"hepatitis E virus","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ribavirin-treatment","display_name":"ribavirin treatment","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-outcome-predictors","display_name":"treatment outcome predictors","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-relapse","display_name":"viral relapse","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/male-sex","display_name":"male sex","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-over-50","display_name":"age over 50","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alanine-aminotransferase","display_name":"alanine aminotransferase","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunocompromised-patients","display_name":"immunocompromised patients","score":0.8659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8596000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020491458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Chronic hepatitis","level":3,"score":0.6559000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5422999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5026000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781096931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326643","display_name":"Hepatitis E","level":4,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780777367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24757533","display_name":"Hepatitis E virus","level":4,"score":0.41929998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50440223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475848","display_name":"Risk factor","level":2,"score":0.3935000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987552334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383126","display_name":"Chronic disease","level":2,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.33149999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776029263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131742","display_name":"Hepatitis","level":2,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776455275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154869","display_name":"Hepatitis C","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019392825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383126","display_name":"Chronic infection","level":3,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119914596","display_name":"Infection","issn_l":"0300-8126","issn":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.22541/au.176658503.36581938/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176658503.36581938/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176658503.36581938/v1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42932152","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42932152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s15010-026-03029-w.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119914596","display_name":"Infection","issn_l":"0300-8126","issn":["0300-8126","1439-0973"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Infection","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7117137967.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7117137967.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1653406752","https://openalex.org/W2018867560","https://openalex.org/W2032287722","https://openalex.org/W2058230403","https://openalex.org/W2101689864","https://openalex.org/W2156915517","https://openalex.org/W2160255529","https://openalex.org/W2163335304","https://openalex.org/W2164445538","https://openalex.org/W2275370537","https://openalex.org/W2347059170","https://openalex.org/W2405561744","https://openalex.org/W2476917280","https://openalex.org/W2482991708","https://openalex.org/W2486616143","https://openalex.org/W2752391139","https://openalex.org/W2794804312","https://openalex.org/W2898674143","https://openalex.org/W2921513648","https://openalex.org/W2921650802","https://openalex.org/W2942855506","https://openalex.org/W2946819591","https://openalex.org/W2947404686","https://openalex.org/W2983280652","https://openalex.org/W2993062243","https://openalex.org/W3038554893","https://openalex.org/W3088555059","https://openalex.org/W3112509806","https://openalex.org/W3132560607","https://openalex.org/W3162732613","https://openalex.org/W4309858906","https://openalex.org/W4381140794","https://openalex.org/W4381166026","https://openalex.org/W4384557607","https://openalex.org/W4391212721","https://openalex.org/W4391905109","https://openalex.org/W4404222270","https://openalex.org/W4406220284","https://openalex.org/W4407348778","https://openalex.org/W4407956142","https://openalex.org/W7130819305"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4406603810","https://openalex.org/W4283172394","https://openalex.org/W4281888307","https://openalex.org/W7213498979","https://openalex.org/W4309426187","https://openalex.org/W7006108166","https://openalex.org/W7151006688","https://openalex.org/W2325958993","https://openalex.org/W4412780548","https://openalex.org/W2999399562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"and":[2,17,33,64,111,170,187,199,220,245,264],"aims":[3],"Chronic":[4],"hepatitis":[5],"E":[6],"virus":[7],"(HEV)":[8],"infection":[9,54,254],"is":[10],"a":[11,105,200],"relevant":[12],"complication":[13],"in":[14,142],"immunocompromised":[15],"patients":[16,50,92,122,125,144,148,157,251],"remains":[18],"therapeutically":[19],"challenging":[20],"due":[21],"to":[22,25,30,208],"variable":[23],"response":[24],"ribavirin":[26,128,140],"(RBV).":[27],"We":[28],"aimed":[29],"identify":[31],"clinical":[32],"biochemical":[34],"factors":[35],"associated":[36,180,225],"with":[37,51,104,181,226],"prolonged":[38,209],"or":[39,74,154],"unsuccessful":[40],"treatment":[41,69,81,141,152,183,228],"courses.":[42,82,184,229],"Methods":[43],"In":[44,212],"this":[45,213],"retrospective":[46,214],"single-center":[47],"study,":[48],"41":[49],"chronic":[52],"HEV":[53,133,162],"(HEV":[55],"RNA":[56],"detectable":[57],"\u2265":[58],"12":[59,71,137],"weeks)":[60],"treated":[61],"between":[62],"2016":[63],"2024":[65],"were":[66,77,94,97,179,224],"analyzed.":[67],"Prolonged":[68],"(>":[70,191],"weeks),":[72],"retreatment,":[73],"persistent":[75,253],"viremia":[76],"defined":[78],"as":[79],"complicated":[80,182,227],"Results":[83],"The":[84],"median":[85,106],"patient":[86,243],"age":[87,171],"was":[88,118,206],"54":[89],"years.":[90],"Ten":[91],"(24.4%)":[93],"female.":[95],"Transaminases":[96],"elevated":[98],"at":[99,194],"the":[100,238,258],"time":[101],"of":[102,108,113,131,139,250],"diagnosis":[103],"ALT":[107,189,222],"118":[109],"U/l":[110],"GGT":[112],"127":[114],"U/l.":[115],"Median":[116],"elastography":[117],"6.2":[119],"kPa.":[120],"4":[121],"died;":[123],"30/37":[124],"(81%)":[126],"required":[127],"treatment.":[129],"Out":[130],"those,":[132],"cure":[134],"occurred":[135],"after":[136],"weeks":[138],"16":[143],"(53.3%),":[145],"whereas":[146],"eleven":[147],"(36.6%)":[149],"needed":[150],"longer":[151],"courses":[153],"retreatment.":[155],"Three":[156],"(10%)":[158],"have":[159],"an":[160],"ongoing":[161],"infection.":[163],"Male":[164],"sex":[165],"(":[166,175],"p":[167,176],"=":[168,177],"0.03)":[169],">":[172],"50":[173],"years":[174],"0.04)":[178],"Both":[185],"normal":[186],"high":[188],"levels":[190],"200":[192],"U/L)":[193],"baseline":[195],"had":[196],"poorer":[197],"outcomes,":[198],"BMI":[201],"<":[202],"28":[203],"kg/m":[204],"2":[205],"linked":[207],"viremia.":[210],"Conclusion":[211],"cohort,":[215],"older":[216],"age,":[217],"male":[218],"sex,":[219],"distinct":[221],"patterns":[223],"However,":[230],"these":[231],"exploratory":[232],"findings":[233],"require":[234],"cautious":[235],"interpretation":[236],"given":[237],"limited":[239],"sample":[240],"size,":[241],"heterogeneous":[242],"population,":[244],"potential":[246],"confounding.":[247],"A":[248],"subset":[249],"exhibits":[252],"despite":[255],"therapy,":[256],"underscoring":[257],"need":[259],"for":[260],"improved":[261],"antiviral":[262],"strategies":[263],"individualized":[265],"management.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2025-12-24T00:00:00"}
