{"id":"https://openalex.org/W71147808","doi":null,"title":"Viral infection induces cytokine release by beta islet cells.","display_name":"Viral infection induces cytokine release by beta islet cells.","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W71147808","mag":"71147808","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1592439","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1384847"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1384847","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1384847","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1384847","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068601139","display_name":"Maria Gisella Cavallo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-8049","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6630-8049"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65163767","display_name":"National Institute for Biological Standards and Control","ror":"https://ror.org/03dnc6n82","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65163767"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M G Cavallo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Immunobiology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65163767"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082248255","display_name":"Marco Giorgio Baroni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-6078","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-6078"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M G Baroni","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Toto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Toto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109949865","display_name":"Andrew J. H. Gearing","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A J Gearing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080330301","display_name":"Timothy Forsey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Forsey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108215809","display_name":"Domenico Andreani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Andreani","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013830579","display_name":"Robin Thorpe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Thorpe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087265840","display_name":"Paolo Pozzilli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-636X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-636X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P Pozzilli","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.871,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":63,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91154971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"75","issue":"4","first_page":"664","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11171","display_name":"Diabetes and associated disorders","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10839","display_name":"Pancreatic function and diabetes","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11150","display_name":"Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-infection","display_name":"viral infection","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-cell-destruction","display_name":"beta cell destruction","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-1-diabetes","display_name":"type 1 diabetes","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measles-virus","display_name":"measles virus","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mumps-virus","display_name":"mumps virus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rubella-virus","display_name":"rubella virus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-1","display_name":"interleukin-1","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-6","display_name":"interleukin-6","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-production","display_name":"cytokine production","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insulinoma-cells","display_name":"insulinoma cells","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmunity","display_name":"autoimmunity","score":0.8050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6451212167739868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5906874537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188280979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911125","display_name":"Human leukocyte antigen","level":3,"score":0.5680229663848877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.5335602760314941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778814567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q155857","display_name":"Rubella","level":4,"score":0.533011257648468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29004679","display_name":"Mumps virus","level":3,"score":0.5309115648269653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.517910897731781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777890099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169345","display_name":"Permissiveness","level":4,"score":0.5033237338066101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.49498051404953003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776828364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1767180","display_name":"Beta cell","level":4,"score":0.48641037940979004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.45423832535743713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.4326798915863037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778097271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701609","display_name":"Rubella virus","level":5,"score":0.4295658469200134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780813555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911129","display_name":"Paramyxoviridae","level":4,"score":0.4202120006084442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.39757198095321655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776438120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79793","display_name":"Measles","level":3,"score":0.3356853127479553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165220095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207524","display_name":"Islet","level":3,"score":0.23852336406707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.2358953058719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.1986388862133026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.1433582603931427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140704245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933202","display_name":"Viral replication","level":3,"score":0.1159246563911438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.0645720362663269}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002460","descriptor_name":"Cell Line","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003922","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006680","descriptor_name":"HLA Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007340","descriptor_name":"Insulinoma","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007515","descriptor_name":"Islets of Langerhans","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008457","descriptor_name":"Measles","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009107","descriptor_name":"Mumps","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012409","descriptor_name":"Rubella","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014777","descriptor_name":"Virus Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1384847","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1384847","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:1592439","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1592439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/477563","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0026556291&partnerID=65&md5=e08ab7f3ab973e5ef9697fa8b8ba2b41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ricerca.univaq.it:11697/143153","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11697/143153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055225","display_name":"Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Universit\u00e0 degli Studi dell Aquila","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"mag:71147808","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1592439","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1384847","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1384847","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Immunology","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506157243","https://openalex.org/W1565885233","https://openalex.org/W1912380699","https://openalex.org/W1974539980","https://openalex.org/W2003479771","https://openalex.org/W2004073903","https://openalex.org/W2020806514","https://openalex.org/W2026256868","https://openalex.org/W2046363194","https://openalex.org/W2047521705","https://openalex.org/W2053351742","https://openalex.org/W2053507722","https://openalex.org/W2055680305","https://openalex.org/W2073777388","https://openalex.org/W2080470702","https://openalex.org/W2088350742","https://openalex.org/W2088364920","https://openalex.org/W2118694116","https://openalex.org/W2153667962","https://openalex.org/W2156008331","https://openalex.org/W2159750923","https://openalex.org/W2326904657","https://openalex.org/W2332910275","https://openalex.org/W2333165307","https://openalex.org/W2342420586","https://openalex.org/W2397769233","https://openalex.org/W2419642161"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073791405","https://openalex.org/W2036333116","https://openalex.org/W1982932082","https://openalex.org/W2410764132","https://openalex.org/W1976517945","https://openalex.org/W30729373","https://openalex.org/W2163802723","https://openalex.org/W2089100446","https://openalex.org/W2079131796","https://openalex.org/W1601188193"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Viral":[0],"infection":[1,67,150],"has":[2,39],"been":[3,40],"suggested":[4],"to":[5,167],"play":[6],"a":[7,34,49,89],"triggering":[8],"role":[9],"in":[10,18,175],"the":[11,23,55,74,83,93,116,133,169],"pancreatic":[12],"beta":[13,163,173],"cell":[14,37,84,144],"destruction":[15],"which":[16],"occurs":[17],"insulin-dependent":[19],"diabetes":[20],"(IDDM).":[21],"However,":[22],"underlying":[24],"mechanism":[25],"of":[26,58,76,95,118,159],"this":[27,32],"phenomenon":[28],"is":[29,52],"unknown.":[30],"In":[31],"study":[33],"human":[35,96],"insulinoma":[36,143],"line":[38,85,145],"infected":[41],"with":[42,68,112],"measles,":[43],"mumps":[44,71],"and":[45,60,70,79,91,102,121,138,151,156],"rubella":[46,113],"viruses":[47,72],"since":[48],"temporal":[50],"association":[51],"reported":[53],"between":[54],"clinical":[56],"onset":[57],"IDDM":[59],"diseases":[61],"caused":[62],"by":[63,82,88,108,141,162],"these":[64],"viruses.":[65],"The":[66],"measles":[69],"induced":[73,115],"release":[75,117,155],"interleukin-1":[77],"(IL-1)":[78],"interleukin-6":[80],"(IL-6)":[81],"as":[86,106],"assessed":[87],"bioassay":[90],"up-regulated":[92],"expression":[94,158],"leucocyte":[97],"antigen":[98,127],"(HLA)":[99],"class":[100,103],"I":[101],"II":[104],"antigens":[105],"evaluated":[107],"cytofluorimetric":[109],"analysis.":[110],"Stimulation":[111],"virus":[114],"IL-6":[119,139],"only":[120],"had":[122],"no":[123],"effect":[124],"on":[125],"HLA":[126,160],"expression.":[128],"These":[129],"data":[130],"show":[131],"for":[132],"first":[134],"time":[135],"that":[136,153],"IL-1":[137],"secretion":[140],"an":[142],"may":[146,165],"occur":[147],"after":[148],"viral":[149],"suggest":[152],"cytokine":[154],"increased":[157],"molecules":[161],"cells":[164,174],"act":[166],"induce":[168],"immune":[170],"response":[171],"towards":[172],"IDDM.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
