{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7112943149","doi":null,"title":"Allostatic Load and Incident Dementia Among Older Adults in the United States","display_name":"Allostatic Load and Incident Dementia Among Older Adults in the United States","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7112943149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.waldenu.edu:dissertations-19064","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/17394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196507","display_name":"ScholarWorks (Walden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I80046288","host_organization_name":"Walden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80046288"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kabeto, Mohammed Usman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kabeto, Mohammed Usman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allostatic-load","display_name":"allostatic load","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incident-dementia","display_name":"incident dementia","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-stress","display_name":"chronic stress","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-function","display_name":"cognitive function","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race-and-ethnicity","display_name":"race and ethnicity","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apolipoproteins","display_name":"apolipoproteins","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-determinants-of-health","display_name":"social determinants of health","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-and-retirement-study","display_name":"Health and Retirement Study","score":0.6690000295639038}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68443243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2786686","display_name":"Quartile","level":3,"score":0.8478999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.7861999869346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187150481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4733156","display_name":"Allostatic load","level":2,"score":0.7735000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7156999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207103383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3930246","display_name":"Hazard ratio","level":3,"score":0.5404000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.5317000150680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5112000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780176501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690755","display_name":"Health and Retirement Study","level":2,"score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.4943000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35339999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73269764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954529","display_name":"Poisson regression","level":3,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.waldenu.edu:dissertations-19064","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/17394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196507","display_name":"ScholarWorks (Walden University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I80046288","host_organization_name":"Walden University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80046288"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7128158489","https://openalex.org/W2980629357","https://openalex.org/W4410608723","https://openalex.org/W4386117811","https://openalex.org/W2900332704","https://openalex.org/W2904988449","https://openalex.org/W4390079964","https://openalex.org/W7117321789","https://openalex.org/W4380884208","https://openalex.org/W4318779486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Allostatic":[0],"load":[1],"(AL),":[2],"the":[3,41,50,61,134,143,151,157,165,170,189,205,220,224],"cumulative":[4],"physiological":[5],"burden":[6],"of":[7,31,108,124,153,208,237,264],"chronic":[8],"stress,":[9],"is":[10,28,239],"a":[11,29,122,185],"significant":[12],"health":[13,22,238,244],"problem,":[14],"and":[15,37,54,66,75,85,91,102,115,139,215,228,231,253,261],"it":[16],"has":[17],"been":[18],"associated":[19],"with":[20],"adverse":[21],"outcomes,":[23],"including":[24],"cognitive":[25],"functioning.":[26],"There":[27],"paucity":[30],"literature":[32],"examining":[33],"associations":[34],"between":[35,63,136,226],"AL":[36,64,137,167,209,227],"incident":[38,67,140,160,229],"dementia":[39,68,100,149,161,259],"in":[40,164],"United":[42,51],"States.":[43],"This":[44],"quantitative":[45],"study":[46,233],"used":[47,119,131],"data":[48],"from":[49,111],"States":[52],"Health":[53],"Retirement":[55],"Study":[56],"cohort":[57],"(2016-2020)":[58],"to":[59,120,132,246,249],"examine":[60,133],"association":[62,135],"quartile":[65,123,138,168,173,210],"among":[69],"participants":[70],"who":[71],"were":[72],"aged":[73],"56":[74],"older":[76],"at":[77],"baseline.":[78],"Dementia":[79],"status":[80,101],"was":[81,118,130,162,192,211],"determined":[82],"measuring":[83],"immediate":[84],"delayed":[86],"recall,":[87],"serial":[88],"seven":[89],"subtraction,":[90],"backward":[92],"count,":[93],"as":[94,96],"well":[95],"self-report":[97],"conditions":[98],"for":[99],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[103],"disease.":[104],"A":[105],"composite":[106],"score":[107],"20":[109],"biomarkers":[110],"neuroendocrine,":[112],"immune,":[113],"metabolic,":[114],"cardiovascular":[116],"systems":[117],"create":[121],"AL.":[125],"The":[126],"Cox":[127],"regression":[128],"model":[129],"dementia.":[141],"Of":[142],"7,003":[144],"participants,":[145],"342":[146],"(4.9%)":[147],"experienced":[148],"by":[150],"end":[152],"5":[154],"years.":[155],"In":[156,184],"unadjusted":[158],"model,":[159,188],"higher":[163],"highest":[166],"than":[169],"lowest":[171],"Al":[172],"(HR":[174,194],"=":[175,195,202],"2.55,":[176],"95%":[177,197],"CI":[178,198],"[1.74,":[179],"3.71],":[180],"p":[181,201],"<":[182],".001).":[183],"fully":[186],"adjusted":[187],"hazard":[190],"ratio":[191],"attenuated":[193],"1.46,":[196],"[1.0,":[199],"2.14],":[200],".05),":[203],"but":[204],"overall":[206],"test":[207],"not":[212,218],"significant.":[213],"Race/ethnicity":[214],"apolipoprotein":[216],"did":[217],"modify":[219],"association.":[221],"Findings":[222,241],"highlight":[223],"relationship":[225],"dementia,":[230],"further":[232],"regarding":[234],"social":[235],"determinants":[236],"needed.":[240],"may":[242],"inform":[243],"professionals":[245],"develop":[247],"strategies":[248],"reduce":[250],"stress":[251],"stimuli":[252],"monitor":[254],"biomarkers,":[255],"reducing":[256],"AL,":[257],"delaying":[258],"onset,":[260],"improving":[262],"quality":[263],"life.":[265]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-12-10T00:00:00"}