{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7112225643","doi":null,"title":"Differences in Diagnosis, Perception, and Recognition Among Children with Autism-Spectrum Disorder Belonging to Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups","display_name":"Differences in Diagnosis, Perception, and Recognition Among Children with Autism-Spectrum Disorder Belonging to Racial and Ethnic Minority Groups","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7112225643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:intuition-1641","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/intuition/vol16/iss2/5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Syphus, Madelyne L.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Syphus, Madelyne L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3816696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13393","display_name":"Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12194","display_name":"Cultural Competency in Health Care","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"autism spectrum disorder","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-and-ethnic-minority-children","display_name":"racial and ethnic minority children","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-disparities","display_name":"diagnostic disparities","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-diagnosis","display_name":"autism diagnosis","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-awareness","display_name":"cultural awareness","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-sensitivity-training","display_name":"cultural sensitivity training","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-norms","display_name":"social norms","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underdiagnosis","display_name":"underdiagnosis","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-services","display_name":"autism services","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/families-of-children-with-autism","display_name":"families of autistic children","score":0.6980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.8238000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6031000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.47920000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.45719999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.43849998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.3986999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018149544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5188450","display_name":"Culturally sensitive","level":2,"score":0.384799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994160828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3254959","display_name":"Racial group","level":3,"score":0.36149999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779105887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30103","display_name":"Minority group","level":3,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992397558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5188450","display_name":"Cultural sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992975276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11042","display_name":"Cultural background","level":4,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38749836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5193358","display_name":"Cultural group selection","level":3,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169536714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666159","display_name":"Cultural competence","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:intuition-1641","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/intuition/vol16/iss2/5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3047157477","https://openalex.org/W2890772569","https://openalex.org/W2526774279","https://openalex.org/W3039573567","https://openalex.org/W1969090439","https://openalex.org/W4362506882","https://openalex.org/W2774005798","https://openalex.org/W7152493669","https://openalex.org/W7006440446","https://openalex.org/W4296375669"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"Autism-Sprectrum":[1],"Disorder's":[2],"(ASD's)":[3],"relatively":[4],"short":[5],"existence":[6],"as":[7,25,170],"a":[8],"diagnostic":[9,37],"category,":[10],"it":[11],"has":[12,188],"become":[13],"one":[14],"of":[15,27,43,67,78,83,108,131,185,200],"the":[16,22,35,162],"most":[17],"prevalent":[18],"neurodevelopmental":[19],"disorders":[20],"in":[21,48,75,96,103],"world.":[23],"However,":[24],"awareness":[26],"ASD":[28,84,203],"rises,":[29],"those":[30,140],"who":[31],"do":[32],"not":[33],"fit":[34],"White-male":[36],"mold":[38],"are":[39,142],"often":[40,73,143],"left":[41],"out":[42],"conversations":[44],"and":[45,51,59,70,81,136,176,192,204],"experience":[46],"disparities":[47,163],"diagnosis,":[49],"recognition,":[50],"support":[52],"for":[53,80],"autism":[54],"(Matthews,":[55],"2019).":[56],"Many":[57],"racial":[58,123],"ethnic":[60,125],"minority":[61,126],"groups":[62,100],"suffer":[63],"from":[64],"professionals'":[65],"lack":[66],"cultural":[68,171],"awareness,":[69],"spontaneous":[71],"judgments":[72],"result":[74,102],"lower":[76],"rates":[77],"referral":[79],"diagnosis":[82],"(Begeer":[85],"et":[86,90,117,152],"al.,":[87,91,118,153],"2008;":[88],"Burke":[89],"2015;":[92],"Lopez,":[93,159],"2014).":[94,121,160],"Differences":[95],"social":[97],"norms":[98],"among":[99],"may":[101,147],"certain":[104],"traits":[105],"or":[106,113,124,146],"presentation":[107],"symptoms":[109],"to":[110,196],"be":[111,148,165],"lost":[112],"incorrectly":[114],"interpreted":[115],"(Harrison":[116],"2017;":[119],"Perepa,":[120],"Each":[122],"group":[127],"requires":[128],"unique":[129,190],"forms":[130],"assistance":[132],"based":[133],"on":[134,194],"historical":[135],"present-day":[137],"contexts;":[138],"however,":[139],"needs":[141],"met":[144],"partially":[145],"completely":[149],"unmet":[150],"(Johnson":[151],"2020;":[154],"Lindblom,":[155],"20":[156],"l":[157],"4;":[158],"Although":[161],"can":[164,179],"overwhelming,":[166],"implementing":[167],"practices":[168,178],"such":[169],"sensitivity":[172],"training,":[173],"objective":[174],"observation,":[175],"tailored":[177],"help":[180],"minimize":[181],"gaps.":[182],"Comprehensive":[183],"synthesis":[184],"topical":[186],"literature":[187],"provided":[189],"insights":[191],"suggestions":[193],"how":[195],"best":[197],"serve":[198],"people":[199],"color":[201],"with":[202],"their":[205],"families.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-12-10T00:00:00"}