{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7110692886","doi":null,"title":"Generalized Aharonov-Bohm Effect: Its Derivation, Theoretical Implications and Experimental Tests","display_name":"Generalized Aharonov-Bohm Effect: Its Derivation, Theoretical Implications and Experimental Tests","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7110692886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:philsci-archive.pitt.edu:24726","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","pdf_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401282","display_name":"PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gao, Shan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gao, Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , P. R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology , Shanxi University , Taiyuan 030006 , P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11683","display_name":"Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics","score":0.057500001043081284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aharonov-bohm-effect","display_name":"Aharonov-Bohm effect","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-vector-potential","display_name":"vector potential","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift","display_name":"phase shift","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-potentials","display_name":"electromagnetic potentials","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electron-interference","display_name":"electron interference","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gauge-invariance","display_name":"gauge invariance","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6843000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157479481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177831","display_name":"Magnetic flux","level":3,"score":0.5116999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5047000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4921000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.39890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147120987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2225","display_name":"Electron","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30475298","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909554","display_name":"Computational physics","level":1,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2027888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521126","display_name":"Vector potential","level":3,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95390329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q665093","display_name":"Magnetostatics","level":3,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017413879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185553","display_name":"Phase difference","level":3,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34829970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845260","display_name":"Quantum statistical mechanics","level":3,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194127275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92795812","display_name":"Magnetic potential","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:philsci-archive.pitt.edu:24726","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","pdf_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401282","display_name":"PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:philsci-archive.pitt.edu:24726","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","pdf_url":"https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/24726/1/gabe%202025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401282","display_name":"PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7110692886.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7110692886.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416528845","https://openalex.org/W2090620984","https://openalex.org/W7128877547","https://openalex.org/W2067511609","https://openalex.org/W1547060757","https://openalex.org/W2921465520","https://openalex.org/W1971557776","https://openalex.org/W7128401884","https://openalex.org/W2162923751","https://openalex.org/W2792806911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Aharonov-Bohm":[1],"(AB)":[2],"effect":[3,100],"highlights":[4],"the":[5,18,21,29,44,61,72,79,85,93,106],"fundamental":[6],"role":[7,107],"of":[8,23,64,95,108],"electromagnetic":[9],"potentials":[10,110],"in":[11,17,111],"quantum":[12,112],"mechanics.":[13],"While":[14],"extensively":[15],"studied":[16],"static":[19],"case,":[20],"impact":[22],"a":[24,49],"time-varying":[25],"magnetic":[26,51,66,124],"flux":[27],"on":[28],"electron's":[30],"phase":[31,46,74],"shift":[32,47],"remains":[33],"an":[34],"open":[35],"and":[36,54,114],"debated":[37],"question.":[38],"In":[39],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42],"derive":[43],"AB":[45,73,99],"for":[48],"time-dependent":[50],"vector":[52],"potential":[53],"show":[55],"that":[56,71,88],"it":[57,89],"is":[58,75],"proportional":[59],"to":[60],"time":[62],"average":[63],"enclosed":[65],"flux.":[67,125],"Our":[68],"analysis":[69],"reveals":[70],"continuously":[76],"accumulated":[77],"as":[78],"electron":[80],"traverses":[81],"its":[82],"path,":[83],"challenging":[84],"conventional":[86],"view":[87],"emerges":[90],"instantaneously":[91],"at":[92],"point":[94],"interference.":[96],"This":[97],"generalized":[98],"may":[101],"provide":[102],"deeper":[103],"insight":[104],"into":[105],"gauge-dependent":[109],"mechanics":[113],"also":[115],"suggest":[116],"novel":[117],"experimental":[118],"tests":[119],"using":[120],"alternating":[121],"or":[122],"pulsed":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-23T07:36:19.812096","created_date":"2025-12-08T00:00:00"}