{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7106500585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","title":"Basin-scale evaluation of the Noah-MP land surface model for runoff and snow generation in the Missouri River Basin: insights and recommendations for parameterization scheme selection","display_name":"Basin-scale evaluation of the Noah-MP land surface model for runoff and snow generation in the Missouri River Basin: insights and recommendations for parameterization scheme selection","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7106500585","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","pdf_url":"https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6359/2026/hess-30-6359-2026.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93121129","display_name":"Hydrology and earth system sciences","issn_l":"1027-5606","issn":["1027-5606","1607-7938"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6359/2026/hess-30-6359-2026.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Eunsaem Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-7494","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-7494"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13511017","display_name":"Texas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eunsaem Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas State University (San Marcos, United States of America)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3121-7494","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas State University (San Marcos, United States of America)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Eunsang Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6939","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6939"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13511017","display_name":"Texas State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05h9q1g27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eunsang Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas State University (San Marcos, United States of America)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas State University (San Marcos, United States of America)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Carrie M. Vuyovich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carrie M. Vuyovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032004768","display_name":"Bailing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-219X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-219X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306266525","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144776","display_name":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center","ror":"https://ror.org/042607708","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bailing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-219X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144776","https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306266525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jennifer M. Jacobs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161057412","display_name":"University of New Hampshire","ror":"https://ror.org/01rmh9n78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161057412"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer M. Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA","Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire,  Durham, NH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161057412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire,  Durham, NH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161057412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13511017"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1725},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1725},"fwci":1.5029,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74767212,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"20","first_page":"6359","last_page":"6380"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.015799999237060547,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noah-mp-land-surface-model","display_name":"Noah-MP land surface model","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snowmelt-runoff","display_name":"snowmelt runoff","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow-water-equivalent","display_name":"snow water equivalent","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missouri-river-basin","display_name":"Missouri River Basin","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-dynamics","display_name":"groundwater dynamics","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streamflow-simulation","display_name":"streamflow simulation","score":0.5709999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64649846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754697","display_name":"Snowmelt","level":3,"score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.7416999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50477045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444790","display_name":"Surface runoff","level":2,"score":0.7368999719619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.691100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53739315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29425295","display_name":"Streamflow","level":3,"score":0.6366999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828158","display_name":"Evapotranspiration","level":2,"score":0.5587000250816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.4683000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124203675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320048","display_name":"Runoff curve number","level":3,"score":0.4514999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126197015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586683","display_name":"Hydrological modelling","level":2,"score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24749216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780157","display_name":"Runoff model","level":3,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.3634999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8625798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752112","display_name":"Surface water","level":2,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153823671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049799","display_name":"Water resources","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66465714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148989","display_name":"Water balance","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153400128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150731","display_name":"Infiltration (HVAC)","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168754636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620920","display_name":"Climate model","level":3,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15098985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179918","display_name":"Permafrost","level":2,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.2533999979496002}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","pdf_url":"https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6359/2026/hess-30-6359-2026.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93121129","display_name":"Hydrology and earth system sciences","issn_l":"1027-5606","issn":["1027-5606","1607-7938"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.5194/egusphere-2025-5557","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-5557","pdf_url":"https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-5557/egusphere-2025-5557.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EGUsphere","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e89aadcf78ba4dc08fb939d06087dd0e","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e89aadcf78ba4dc08fb939d06087dd0e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, Vol 30, Pp 6359-6380 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6359-2026","pdf_url":"https://hess.copernicus.org/articles/30/6359/2026/hess-30-6359-2026.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93121129","display_name":"Hydrology and earth system sciences","issn_l":"1027-5606","issn":["1027-5606","1607-7938"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310313756","host_organization_name":"Copernicus Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310313756"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Copernicus Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hydrology and Earth System Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.821399986743927,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7168669017","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"80NSSC24K1278","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7106500585.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7106500585.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482234296","https://openalex.org/W1511398861","https://openalex.org/W1637586365","https://openalex.org/W1988743541","https://openalex.org/W1990874001","https://openalex.org/W2012193359","https://openalex.org/W2030529375","https://openalex.org/W2038548348","https://openalex.org/W2043607614","https://openalex.org/W2044710267","https://openalex.org/W2058946197","https://openalex.org/W2060975319","https://openalex.org/W2084693386","https://openalex.org/W2087105362","https://openalex.org/W2089529804","https://openalex.org/W2099071603","https://openalex.org/W2100406744","https://openalex.org/W2101225175","https://openalex.org/W2102993156","https://openalex.org/W2103497845","https://openalex.org/W2117951167","https://openalex.org/W2119746398","https://openalex.org/W2134007236","https://openalex.org/W2135902443","https://openalex.org/W2138408852","https://openalex.org/W2138763184","https://openalex.org/W2145422581","https://openalex.org/W2160741281","https://openalex.org/W2200660088","https://openalex.org/W2254515353","https://openalex.org/W2329995161","https://openalex.org/W2519140576","https://openalex.org/W2557182234","https://openalex.org/W2614524248","https://openalex.org/W2619796175","https://openalex.org/W2768000806","https://openalex.org/W2775066999","https://openalex.org/W2793905909","https://openalex.org/W2885109349","https://openalex.org/W2885765604","https://openalex.org/W2898962279","https://openalex.org/W2917916806","https://openalex.org/W2946380066","https://openalex.org/W2950424176","https://openalex.org/W2954648193","https://openalex.org/W2986857630","https://openalex.org/W2990837042","https://openalex.org/W2998736501","https://openalex.org/W3011056298","https://openalex.org/W3047441549","https://openalex.org/W3113107196","https://openalex.org/W3202025791","https://openalex.org/W3207341747","https://openalex.org/W3211042890","https://openalex.org/W3213295897","https://openalex.org/W4210433567","https://openalex.org/W4284708522","https://openalex.org/W4297341748","https://openalex.org/W4307632253","https://openalex.org/W4322766745","https://openalex.org/W4365506136","https://openalex.org/W4367396120","https://openalex.org/W4383047137","https://openalex.org/W4386690615","https://openalex.org/W4389078110","https://openalex.org/W4390707812","https://openalex.org/W4391912900","https://openalex.org/W4392138566","https://openalex.org/W4403000921","https://openalex.org/W4407515575","https://openalex.org/W4408122740","https://openalex.org/W4410875137","https://openalex.org/W6910953757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2573499235","https://openalex.org/W2160741281","https://openalex.org/W1511398861","https://openalex.org/W4380300575","https://openalex.org/W2976220931","https://openalex.org/W2995008068","https://openalex.org/W2768000806","https://openalex.org/W3007663530","https://openalex.org/W2950424176","https://openalex.org/W2009027959"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract.":[0],"Process-based":[1],"land":[2,62,240],"surface":[3,63],"models,":[4],"such":[5],"as":[6],"the":[7,51,60,92,110,122,131,142,150,183,187,191,212],"Noah-Multiparameterization":[8],"(Noah-MP)":[9],"model,":[10,64],"are":[11],"widelyused":[12],"for":[13,72,115,237],"large-scale":[14],"hydrologic":[15],"simulations":[16],"because":[17],"of":[18,112,190,206,214],"their":[19,34],"flexibility":[20],"in":[21,36,59,91,160,200],"selecting":[22],"multiple":[23],"parameterization":[24,57,216,235],"schemes.":[25],"However,":[26],"limited":[27],"guidance":[28],"on":[29],"choosing":[30],"appropriate":[31],"configurations":[32],"constrains":[33],"reliability":[35],"representing":[37,136],"runoff":[38,127,171],"and":[39,45,54,66,79,103,146,157,173,223,242],"snowmelt":[40],"dynamics":[41],"across":[42,85,226],"diverse":[43,227],"land-cover":[44],"snow":[46,104,243],"conditions.":[47],"This":[48],"study":[49],"evaluates":[50],"defaultparameterization":[52],"scheme":[53,133],"four":[55],"alternative":[56,123],"schemes":[58,124,217,236],"Noah-MP":[61,219],"includingRunoff":[65],"Groundwater":[67],"(RUN),":[68],"Surface":[69],"Exchange":[70],"Coefficient":[71],"Heat":[73],"(SFC),":[74],"Frozen":[75],"Soil":[76],"Permeability":[77],"(INF),":[78],"Snow/Soil":[80],"Temperature":[81],"Time":[82],"Scheme":[83],"(STC),":[84],"50":[86],"Hydro-Climate":[87],"Data":[88],"Networks":[89],"(HCDNs)":[90],"MissouriRiver":[93],"Basin.":[94],"Model":[95],"performance":[96],"was":[97],"evaluated":[98],"using":[99],"USGS":[100],"streamflow":[101],"observations":[102],"water":[105,224],"equivalent":[106],"(SWE)":[107],"estimates":[108],"from":[109],"University":[111],"Arizona":[113],"dataset":[114],"2014":[116],"to":[117,130],"2023.":[118],"Results":[119],"showed":[120],"that":[121,182],"generally":[125],"improved":[126,149,169,204],"simulation":[128],"compared":[129],"default":[132],"through":[134,163],"better":[135],"key":[137],"hydrologicaland":[138],"thermodynamic":[139],"processes.":[140],"Specifically,":[141],"RUN,":[143],"SFC,":[144],"INF,":[145],"STC":[147,184],"experiments":[148],"Kling\u2013GuptaEfficiency":[151],"(KGE)":[152],"by":[153,197],"0.19,":[154],"0.37,":[155],"0.48,":[156],"0.14,":[158],"respectively":[159],"representative":[161],"subbasins,":[162,202],"enhancedgroundwater":[164],"dynamics,":[165],"reduced":[166,186],"evapotranspiration":[167],"bias,":[168],"rapid":[170],"response,":[172],"more":[174],"accurate":[175],"SWE":[176,178,195],"evolution.":[177],"evaluation":[179],"further":[180,232],"indicates":[181],"experiment":[185],"mean":[188],"bias":[189],"April\u2013July":[192],"runoff-":[193],"to-maximum":[194],"ratio":[196],"12\u201332":[198],"%":[199],"high-elevation":[201],"reflecting":[203],"representation":[205],"snowmeltdriven":[207],"runoff.":[208],"These":[209],"results":[210],"highlight":[211],"importance":[213],"basin-specific":[215],"within":[218],"toimprove":[220],"hydrological":[221],"prediction":[222],"management":[225],"hydroclimatic":[228],"regions.":[229],"The":[230],"findings":[231],"indicate":[233],"optimal":[234],"different":[238],"climates,":[239],"cover,":[241],"regimes.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-11-25T00:00:00"}
