{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7102731868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","title":"The effect of profitability, liquidity, leverage, and activity on financial distress at PT Waskita Karya (Persero) Tbk","display_name":"The effect of profitability, liquidity, leverage, and activity on financial distress at PT Waskita Karya (Persero) Tbk","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7102731868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387280394","display_name":"Insight Management Journal","issn_l":"2774-1737","issn":["2774-1737"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insight Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Arini Ayatika","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155745","display_name":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun","ror":"https://ror.org/02xqjct79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arini Ayatika","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Andre Suryaningprang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155745","display_name":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun","ror":"https://ror.org/02xqjct79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Suryaningprang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031704601","display_name":"Erna Herlinawati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155745","display_name":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun","ror":"https://ror.org/02xqjct79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erna Herlinawati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049428492","display_name":"Yoyo Sudaryo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-1958","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5129-1958"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155745","display_name":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun","ror":"https://ror.org/02xqjct79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoyo Sudaryo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Dedi Supiyadi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155745","display_name":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun","ror":"https://ror.org/02xqjct79","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dedi Supiyadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Indonesia Membangun, Bandung","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155745"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9935,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86923569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"2","first_page":"53","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11653","display_name":"Financial Distress and Bankruptcy Prediction","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12123","display_name":"Financial Analysis and Corporate Governance","score":0.010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12509","display_name":"Corporate Insolvency and Governance","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-distress","display_name":"financial distress","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profitability","display_name":"profitability","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquidity","display_name":"liquidity","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-leverage","display_name":"leverage","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-ratios","display_name":"activity ratios","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pt-waskita-karya","display_name":"PT Waskita Karya","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-companies","display_name":"construction companies","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-ratios","display_name":"financial ratios","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bankruptcy-prediction","display_name":"bankruptcy prediction","score":0.6850000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984760201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1785212","display_name":"Financial distress","level":2,"score":0.7103000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5192000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.4544999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.4246000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.4212999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139265228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283089","display_name":"Distress","level":2,"score":0.39489999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98014903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832161","display_name":"Financial ratio","level":2,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506796395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4738155","display_name":"Financial management","level":2,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100363876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690661","display_name":"Nonprobability sampling","level":3,"score":0.33149999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130731218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1363554","display_name":"Financial analysis","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142546437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661195","display_name":"Descriptive research","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387280394","display_name":"Insight Management Journal","issn_l":"2774-1737","issn":["2774-1737"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insight Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47065/imj.v4i2.314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387280394","display_name":"Insight Management Journal","issn_l":"2774-1737","issn":["2774-1737"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Insight Management Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6452000141143799}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3114187640","https://openalex.org/W4392103328","https://openalex.org/W2802479263","https://openalex.org/W2938882870","https://openalex.org/W4392190229","https://openalex.org/W4245892061","https://openalex.org/W4404833595","https://openalex.org/W4401865226","https://openalex.org/W4382940452","https://openalex.org/W4415118503"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,52,77],"aim":[1],"of":[2,42,79,93],"this":[3],"study":[4,53],"is":[5,171],"to":[6,173],"find":[7],"out":[8],"how":[9],"profitability,":[10,86],"liquidity,":[11,87,145],"leverage,":[12,88],"and":[13,18,57,74,89,96,120,125,136,147,161],"activity":[14],"have":[15,122,149],"a":[16,55,123,134],"partial":[17],"simultaneous":[19],"effect":[20,138],"on":[21,128,139],"financial":[22,40,94,180],"distress.":[23],"To":[24],"collect":[25],"samples,":[26,163],"the":[27,38,49,80,106,113,185],"researchers":[28],"used":[29],"purposive":[30],"sampling.":[31],"This":[32],"research":[33,159,169],"uses":[34,54],"secondary":[35],"data":[36],"from":[37,112],"triwulan":[39],"report":[41],"PT":[43],"Waskita":[44],"Karya":[45],"(Persero)":[46],"Tbk":[47],"for":[48,167],"period":[50],"2013-2023.":[51],"descriptive":[56,62],"verification":[58],"approach":[59],"that":[60,85,116,166,177],"includes":[61],"tests,":[63,66],"classical":[64],"assumption":[65],"double":[67],"linear":[68],"regression":[69],"analysis,":[70,73],"determination":[71,81],"coefficient":[72],"hypothesis":[75,114],"testing.":[76],"results":[78],"factor":[82],"tests":[83],"show":[84],"operational":[90],"influences":[91],"90.20%":[92],"distress,":[95],"9.80%":[97],"are":[98],"influenced":[99],"by":[100],"other":[101],"factors":[102],"not":[103,164],"considered":[104],"in":[105],"study.":[107],"It":[108],"can":[109],"be":[110],"concluded":[111],"test":[115],"partially":[117],"Profitability,":[118,144],"Liquidity,":[119],"Activity":[121],"positive":[124],"significant":[126,137],"influence":[127,151],"Financial":[129,140,153],"Distress,":[130],"while":[131,142],"Leverage":[132],"has":[133],"negative":[135],"distress":[141,181],"simultaneously":[143],"Leverage,":[146],"Aktivity":[148],"an":[150],"upon":[152],"Distress.":[154],"Researchers":[155],"recommend":[156],"using":[157,184],"different":[158,179],"objects":[160],"larger":[162],"just":[165],"further":[168],"it":[170],"recommended":[172],"use":[174],"measuring":[175],"tools":[176],"project":[178],"such":[182],"as":[183],"Springate,":[186],"Zmijewski,":[187],"or":[188],"Grover":[189],"methods":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2025-10-31T00:00:00"}
