{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7097828451","doi":null,"title":"Averaged energy conditions and quantum inequalities\u201d, Phys","display_name":"Averaged energy conditions and quantum inequalities\u201d, Phys","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7097828451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.339.7849","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.339.7849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/gr-qc/9410043v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073957607","display_name":"Lawrence H. Ford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-120X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8359-120X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. H. Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031462278","display_name":"Thomas A. Roman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas A. Roman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12220","display_name":"Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect","score":0.8916000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12220","display_name":"Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect","score":0.8916000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.04190000146627426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10025","display_name":"Black Holes and Theoretical Physics","score":0.01889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/averaged-null-energy-condition","display_name":"averaged null energy condition","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-inequalities","display_name":"quantum inequalities","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negative-energy","display_name":"negative energy","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renormalized-stress-energy-tensor","display_name":"renormalized stress-energy tensor","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimally-coupled-scalar-field","display_name":"minimally coupled scalar field","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-condition-violation","display_name":"energy condition violation","score":0.7720000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106881136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275393","display_name":"Casimir effect","level":2,"score":0.7615000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7121999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79464548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464794","display_name":"Minkowski space","level":2,"score":0.707099974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6947382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143773","display_name":"Vacuum energy","level":2,"score":0.604200005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9136319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362640","display_name":"Covariant transformation","level":2,"score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5264000296592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5112000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70662872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766202","display_name":"Vacuum state","level":2,"score":0.4885999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69523127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480008","display_name":"Ground state","level":2,"score":0.4255000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63804487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137397","display_name":"Vacuum expectation value","level":3,"score":0.39809998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115047598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54505","display_name":"Quantum field theory","level":2,"score":0.3882000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149643647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986455","display_name":"Energy condition","level":3,"score":0.3880999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141886431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193821","display_name":"Quantum fluctuation","level":3,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3079626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234881","display_name":"Quantum electrodynamics","level":1,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203763787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371029","display_name":"Null (SQL)","level":2,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778926657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum system","level":3,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779428274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q662636","display_name":"Negative energy","level":2,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174084160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908049","display_name":"Bound state","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88018779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568269","display_name":"Unruh effect","level":3,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.339.7849","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.339.7849","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/gr-qc/9410043v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150514333","https://openalex.org/W2073489576","https://openalex.org/W1865847757","https://openalex.org/W2962961109","https://openalex.org/W2003703977","https://openalex.org/W7098852389","https://openalex.org/W2142358963","https://openalex.org/W2053550747","https://openalex.org/W7098423328","https://openalex.org/W1606217992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,27,41],"this":[1,79],"paper,":[2],"connections":[3],"are":[4],"uncovered":[5],"between":[6],"the":[7,56,59,74,85,105,114,134,141],"averaged":[8,12,125],"weak":[9],"(AWEC)":[10],"and":[11,17,29,72,93,151],"null":[13],"(ANEC)":[14],"energy":[15,126,144],"conditions,":[16],"quantum":[18,52,70,122],"inequality":[19],"restrictions":[20],"(uncertainty":[21],"principle-type":[22],"inequalities)":[23],"on":[24,55,140],"negative":[25],"energy.":[26],"two-":[28],"four-dimensional":[30],"Minkowski":[31,46],"spacetime,":[32],"we":[33,48],"examine":[34],"quantized,":[35],"free":[36],"massless,":[37],"minimally-coupled":[38],"scalar":[39],"fields.":[40],"a":[42,50],"two-dimensional":[43],"spatially":[44],"compactified":[45],"universe,":[47],"derive":[49],"covariant":[51],"inequality-type":[53],"bound":[54],"difference":[57,86],"of":[58,62,87,108,133,143],"expectation":[60,88,106],"values":[61,89],"T\u00b5\u03bdu":[63,109],"\u00b5":[64,110],"u":[65,111],"\u03bd":[66,112],"in":[67,73,113],"an":[68],"arbitrary":[69],"state":[71,118],"Casimir":[75,116],"vacuum":[76,117],"state.":[77],"From":[78],"bound,":[80],"it":[81,101],"is":[82,98,102,148],"shown":[83],"that":[84,104,147],"also":[90],"obeys":[91],"AWEC":[92],"ANEC-type":[94],"integral":[95],"conditions.":[96,127],"This":[97],"surprising,":[99],"since":[100],"well-known":[103],"value":[107],"renormalized":[115],"alone":[119],"satisfies":[120],"neither":[121],"inequalities":[123],"nor":[124],"Such":[128],"\u201cdifference":[129],"inequalities\u201d,":[130],"if":[131],"suggestive":[132],"general":[135],"case,":[136],"might":[137],"represent":[138],"limits":[139],"degree":[142],"condition":[145],"violation":[146,154],"allowed":[149],"over":[150],"above":[152],"any":[153]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2025-10-27T00:00:00"}