{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7097052809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","title":"Traces of memory: Reacquisition of fear following forgetting is NMDAr-independent","display_name":"Traces of memory: Reacquisition of fear following forgetting is NMDAr-independent","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7097052809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23504515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/lm.029504.112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","pdf_url":"http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/20/4/174.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73374563","display_name":"Learning & Memory","issn_l":"1072-0502","issn":["1072-0502","1549-5485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315909","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Learning & Memory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/20/4/174.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043979800","display_name":"Stella Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4706-6530","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4706-6530"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stella Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia. ssli@psy.unsw.edu.au"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia. ssli@psy.unsw.edu.au","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rick Richardson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","display_name":"UNSW Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rick Richardson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"174","last_page":"182"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10077","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fear-memory","display_name":"fear memory","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgetting","display_name":"forgetting","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reacquisition","display_name":"reacquisition","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nmda-receptor","display_name":"NMDA receptor","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infant-rats","display_name":"infant rats","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-reconsolidation","display_name":"memory reconsolidation","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fear-conditioning","display_name":"fear conditioning","score":0.6819999814033508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7149132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1377840","display_name":"Forgetting","level":2,"score":0.8784999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6391000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16837860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2079841","display_name":"Fear conditioning","level":3,"score":0.6198999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.5360999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39617858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212737","display_name":"Classical conditioning","level":3,"score":0.5023999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.41929998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45262634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159291","display_name":"Conditioning","level":2,"score":0.3977999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020794659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212737","display_name":"Unconditioned stimulus","level":4,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93424556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080996","display_name":"Sensory memory","level":4,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505966","display_name":"Retraining","level":2,"score":0.31130000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775858120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3333604","display_name":"Memoria","level":3,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43838033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7003027","display_name":"Neutral stimulus","level":4,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28093023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175168","display_name":"Engram","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18601","display_name":"Long-term memory","level":3,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88576662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18646","display_name":"Episodic memory","level":3,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003213","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003213","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003214","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Classical","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003214","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Classical","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005108","descriptor_name":"Extinction, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005108","descriptor_name":"Extinction, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005239","descriptor_name":"Fear","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012153","descriptor_name":"Retention, Psychology","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012153","descriptor_name":"Retention, Psychology","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016194","descriptor_name":"Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016291","descriptor_name":"Dizocilpine Maleate","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018691","descriptor_name":"Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046352","descriptor_name":"Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1101/lm.029504.112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","pdf_url":"http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/20/4/174.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73374563","display_name":"Learning & Memory","issn_l":"1072-0502","issn":["1072-0502","1549-5485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315909","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Learning & Memory","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23504515","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23504515","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.990.279","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.990.279","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/20/4/174.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1101/lm.029504.112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/lm.029504.112","pdf_url":"http://learnmem.cshlp.org/content/20/4/174.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73374563","display_name":"Learning & Memory","issn_l":"1072-0502","issn":["1072-0502","1549-5485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315909","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Learning & Memory","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G257788769","display_name":"Effects of early life trauma on fear memory and fear extinction in rats","funder_award_id":"DP120104925","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6806975951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP0985554 and DP120104925","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8962011010","display_name":"Developmental  analysis of extinction of learned fear in rats","funder_award_id":"DP0985554","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320965","display_name":"University of New South Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/03r8z3t63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7097052809.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7097052809.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531783246","https://openalex.org/W1601515225","https://openalex.org/W1618945825","https://openalex.org/W1968195648","https://openalex.org/W1968633878","https://openalex.org/W1977818538","https://openalex.org/W1984624029","https://openalex.org/W2002735902","https://openalex.org/W2002737082","https://openalex.org/W2003371070","https://openalex.org/W2008348861","https://openalex.org/W2017517270","https://openalex.org/W2036408766","https://openalex.org/W2037015340","https://openalex.org/W2039602272","https://openalex.org/W2045967619","https://openalex.org/W2050561539","https://openalex.org/W2051587124","https://openalex.org/W2060384373","https://openalex.org/W2068187395","https://openalex.org/W2069458358","https://openalex.org/W2080240638","https://openalex.org/W2083960484","https://openalex.org/W2084178503","https://openalex.org/W2086527383","https://openalex.org/W2090389523","https://openalex.org/W2099201877","https://openalex.org/W2108961156","https://openalex.org/W2115862950","https://openalex.org/W2118443716","https://openalex.org/W2121188661","https://openalex.org/W2121484097","https://openalex.org/W2124613752","https://openalex.org/W2126343655","https://openalex.org/W2129637782","https://openalex.org/W2133083344","https://openalex.org/W2137852374","https://openalex.org/W2147006764","https://openalex.org/W2147166014","https://openalex.org/W2151010453","https://openalex.org/W2154836288","https://openalex.org/W2158553737","https://openalex.org/W2165639421","https://openalex.org/W2166197054","https://openalex.org/W2171233023","https://openalex.org/W2171952745","https://openalex.org/W4233691913","https://openalex.org/W4238060518","https://openalex.org/W7096686960"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055335013","https://openalex.org/W2030721535","https://openalex.org/W6908567399","https://openalex.org/W7096686960","https://openalex.org/W2114637907","https://openalex.org/W2086527383","https://openalex.org/W2892142889","https://openalex.org/W2410415655","https://openalex.org/W2084176631","https://openalex.org/W2073564837"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"research":[1],"shows":[2],"that":[3,50,61,208],"while":[4,209],"initial":[5],"learning":[6,132],"is":[7],"dependent":[8],"on":[9,183],"N-methyl-D-aspartate":[10],"receptors":[11],"(NMDArs),":[12],"relearning":[13,73],"can":[14,178],"be":[15,212],"NMDAr-independent.":[16,143],"In":[17,121],"the":[18,114,153,160,199,206],"present":[19],"study":[20],"we":[21],"examined":[22],"whether":[23],"this":[24,62,123],"switch":[25],"also":[26,142],"occurs":[27],"following":[28,125],"forgetting.":[29],"The":[30],"developing":[31],"animal":[32],"exhibits":[33],"much":[34],"more":[35],"rapid":[36],"rates":[37],"of":[38,113,162],"forgetting":[39,126],"than":[40],"adults,":[41],"so":[42],"infant":[43,51],"rats":[44,52],"were":[45],"used.":[46],"It":[47],"was":[48,64,127,141,150,157],"found":[49],"required":[53],"NMDArs":[54],"to":[55,146],"learn":[56],"fear":[57,74,155,172],"(Experiment":[58,69,80,88,119,164],"1),":[59],"and":[60,106,117],"memory":[63,156],"forgotten":[65,192],"after":[66],"14":[67],"d":[68],"2).":[70],"Despite":[71],"forgetting,":[72],"did":[75],"not":[76,107,128,196,216],"require":[77],"NMDAr":[78],"activation":[79],"3),":[81],"even":[82,186],"if":[83,96,108,152],"it":[84],"occurred":[85],"in":[86,176,198],"adulthood":[87],"5).":[89],"Importantly,":[90],"animals":[91],"only":[92],"showed":[93],"NMDAr-independent":[94],"reacquisition":[95,145],"they":[97,109,188,194,204,214],"had":[98],"received":[99,110],"paired":[100],"(white":[101],"noise-shock)":[102],"training":[103],"during":[104],"conditioning":[105],"unpaired":[111],"presentations":[112],"white":[115],"noise":[116],"shock":[118],"4).":[120],"addition,":[122],"transition":[124],"stimulus":[129,136,149],"specific":[130],"as":[131],"about":[133],"a":[134,147,180],"novel":[135,148],"(i.e.,":[137,193],"light,":[138],"Experiment":[139],"6)":[140],"However,":[144],"NMDAr-dependent":[151],"original":[154],"retained":[158],"at":[159],"time":[161],"retraining":[163],"7).":[165],"Taken":[166],"together,":[167],"these":[168],"results":[169],"demonstrate":[170],"how":[171],"memories":[173,210],"acquired":[174],"early":[175],"life":[177],"have":[179,189],"long-lasting":[181],"impact":[182],"later":[184],"learning,":[185],"when":[187],"been":[190],"apparently":[191],"are":[195,215],"expressed":[197],"animal's":[200],"overt":[201],"behavior).":[202],"Further,":[203],"support":[205],"idea":[207],"may":[211],"forgotten,":[213],"gone.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-27T00:00:00"}