{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7097041202","doi":null,"title":"EMBARGOED UNTIL 2PM U.S. EASTERN TIME ON THE THURSDAY BEFORE THIS DATE: Compromised Survivorship in Zoo Elephants","display_name":"EMBARGOED UNTIL 2PM U.S. EASTERN TIME ON THE THURSDAY BEFORE THIS DATE: Compromised Survivorship in Zoo Elephants","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7097041202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.693.1791","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.693.1791","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idausa.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/SCIENCE-PAPER-CLUBB-ET-AL.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080511973","display_name":"Ros Clubb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ros Clubb","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Marcus Rowcliffe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus Rowcliffe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Phyllis Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phyllis Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054221309","display_name":"Khyne U. Mar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-0051","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-0051"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khyne U. Mar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Cynthia Moss","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia Moss","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Georgia J. Mason","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgia J. Mason","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60811723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.5019999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10838","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","score":0.5019999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.4332999885082245,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13967","display_name":"Conservation, Ecology, Wildlife Education","score":0.022700000554323196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoo-elephants","display_name":"zoo elephants","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-elephant","display_name":"Loxodonta africana","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asian-elephant","display_name":"Asian elephant","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captive-animal-welfare","display_name":"captive animal welfare","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captive-breeding","display_name":"captive breeding","score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wild-populations","display_name":"natural populations","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-viability","display_name":"population viability","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-survival","display_name":"female survival","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/studbook","display_name":"studbook","score":0.4320000112056732}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172400760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332796","display_name":"Survivorship curve","level":3,"score":0.8575000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779242764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129","display_name":"Thursday","level":2,"score":0.8442999720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5688999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.555899977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.44929999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523966790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q459426","display_name":"Animal welfare","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141605663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1714375","display_name":"Game reserve","level":3,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535291247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177567","display_name":"Amazon rainforest","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.257099986076355}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.693.1791","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.693.1791","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.idausa.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/SCIENCE-PAPER-CLUBB-ET-AL.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118479050","https://openalex.org/W1710873905","https://openalex.org/W4294991026","https://openalex.org/W2167275789","https://openalex.org/W7169805321","https://openalex.org/W2464323207","https://openalex.org/W4318816831","https://openalex.org/W6967280564","https://openalex.org/W180885364","https://openalex.org/W2466637481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wildanimals":[0],"can":[1],"experience":[2],"poorwelfarewhen":[3],"held":[4],"captive":[5],"(1),":[6],"an":[7],"effect":[8],"with":[9,65],"eth-ical":[10],"and":[11,23,37,43,87,107],"practical":[12],"implications.":[13],"In":[14],"zoos,":[15],"the":[16,75,88],"welfare":[17],"of":[18],"African":[19],"elephants":[20,25],"(Loxodonta":[21],"africana)":[22],"Asian":[24],"(Elephas":[26],"maximus)":[27],"has":[28],"long":[29],"caused":[30],"concern.":[31],"Infanticide,":[32],"Herpes,":[33],"tuberculosis,":[34],"lameness,":[35],"in-fertility,":[36],"stereotypic":[38],"behavior":[39],"are":[40,47],"prevalent":[41],"(2),":[42],"zoo":[44,77],"elephant":[45],"populations":[46,67],"not":[48],"self-sustaining":[49],"without":[50],"importation":[51],"(3).":[52],"We":[53,93],"com-piled":[54],"data":[55],"from":[56,83],"over":[57],"4500":[58],"individ-uals":[59],"to":[60,80,99],"compare":[61],"survivorship":[62],"in":[63,68],"zoos":[64],"protected":[66],"range":[69],"countries.":[70],"Data":[71],"represent-ing":[72],"about":[73],"half":[74],"global":[76],"pop-ulation":[78],"(1960":[79],"2005)":[81],"came":[82],"European":[84],"\u201cstudbooks":[85],"\u201d":[86],"Eu-ropean":[89],"Elephant":[90],"Group":[91],"(4).":[92],"focused":[94],"on":[95],"females":[96],"as":[97],"relevant":[98],"population":[100],"viability":[101],"(N":[102],"=":[103],"786,":[104],"both":[105],"wild-caught":[106],"captive-born;":[108],"302":[109]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-27T00:00:00"}