{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7086208","doi":null,"title":"Origins of logical positivism","display_name":"Origins of logical positivism","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7086208","mag":"7086208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:7086208","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/GIEOOL","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068834229","display_name":"Ronald N. Giere","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald N. Giere","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067565746","display_name":"Alan Richardson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Richardson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2306,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89681067,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12430","display_name":"Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3200","display_name":"General Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy and History of Science","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-empiricism","display_name":"logical positivism","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-philosophy-of-science","display_name":"history of philosophy of science","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verificationism","display_name":"verificationism","score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vienna-circle","display_name":"Vienna Circle","score":0.375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193627","display_name":"Logical positivism","level":2,"score":0.6239784955978394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5799188017845154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128706718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131015","display_name":"Positivism","level":2,"score":0.41798079013824463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4075956642627716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3374783396720886}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:7086208","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://philpapers.org/rec/GIEOOL","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095714268","https://openalex.org/W7099950086","https://openalex.org/W4238650012","https://openalex.org/W1005738918","https://openalex.org/W2798558182","https://openalex.org/W6941193183","https://openalex.org/W7207432584","https://openalex.org/W47274722","https://openalex.org/W605250141","https://openalex.org/W3120764277"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-08T07:41:36.138363","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}