{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7083171564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","title":"Low-grade kaolinitic clays as SCMs for low-carbon cements and strength improvement by C-S-H gel nucleation seeding","display_name":"Low-grade kaolinitic clays as SCMs for low-carbon cements and strength improvement by C-S-H gel nucleation seeding","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7083171564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186020892","display_name":"Cement and Concrete Research","issn_l":"0008-8846","issn":["0008-8846","1873-3948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cement and Concrete Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092550120","display_name":"Diego Vallina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0974-6799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0974-6799"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diego Vallina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122191548","display_name":"Isabel Santacruz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7856-2837","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7856-2837"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Isabel Santacruz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020666314","display_name":"Alejandro Morales\u2010Cantero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4688-7589","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4688-7589"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Morales-Cantero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014904110","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Dolores Rodr\u00edguez-Ruiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3667-2661","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3667-2661"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Dolores Rodr\u00edguez-Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065483537","display_name":"Ana Cuesta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8634-2241","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8634-2241"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Cuesta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013186509","display_name":"\u00c1ngeles G. De la Torre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-7268","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5481-7268"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angeles G. De la Torre","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093435237","display_name":"Alessandro Dalla\u2010Libera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5503-8406","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5503-8406"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Dalla-Libera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master Builders Solutions Italia Spa, Via Vicinale delle Corti, 21, 31100 Treviso, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master Builders Solutions Italia Spa, Via Vicinale delle Corti, 21, 31100 Treviso, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043165877","display_name":"Pere Borralleras","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pere Borralleras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master Builders Solutions Espa\u00f1a S.L.U., Carretera de l'Hospitalet, 147-149, Edificio Viena, 1\u00aa planta, 08940 Cornell\u00e0 de Llobregat, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master Builders Solutions Espa\u00f1a S.L.U., Carretera de l'Hospitalet, 147-149, Edificio Viena, 1\u00aa planta, 08940 Cornell\u00e0 de Llobregat, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012324630","display_name":"S\u00e9bastien Dhers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-0818","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-0818"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00e9bastien Dhers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, Albert-Frank Str. 32, 83308 Trostberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, Albert-Frank Str. 32, 83308 Trostberg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044264393","display_name":"Peter Schwesig","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Schwesig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, Albert-Frank Str. 32, 83308 Trostberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, Albert-Frank Str. 32, 83308 Trostberg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059953170","display_name":"Oliver Mazanec","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Mazanec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, Albert-Frank Str. 32, 83308 Trostberg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master Builders Solutions Deutschland GmbH, Albert-Frank Str. 32, 83308 Trostberg, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104078457","display_name":"Miguel AG Aranda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-3578","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7708-3578"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","display_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","ror":"https://ror.org/036b2ww28","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Miguel A.G. Aranda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica, Cristalograf\u00eda y Mineralog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnolog\u00eda, IMANA, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, M\u00e1laga, 29071, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104078457","https://openalex.org/A5122191548"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"],"apc_list":{"value":5180,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5180},"apc_paid":{"value":5180,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5180},"fwci":5.6027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96848317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"199","issue":null,"first_page":"108036","last_page":"108036"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10033","display_name":"Concrete and Cement Materials Research","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12247","display_name":"Microbial Applications in Construction Materials","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13039","display_name":"Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supplementary-cementitious-materials","display_name":"supplementary cementitious materials","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-cement","display_name":"low-carbon cement","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pozzolanic-activity","display_name":"pozzolanic activity","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"compressive strength","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carboaluminates","display_name":"carboaluminates","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portlandite-consumption","display_name":"portlandite consumption","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-carbon-concrete","display_name":"low-carbon concrete","score":0.4869999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36248471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445669","display_name":"Seeding","level":2,"score":0.782800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7168999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61048295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909022","display_name":"Nucleation","level":2,"score":0.45750001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.35690000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988076202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240553","display_name":"Mechanical strength","level":2,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126292034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4291516","display_name":"Metakaolin","level":3,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186020892","display_name":"Cement and Concrete Research","issn_l":"0008-8846","issn":["0008-8846","1873-3948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cement and Concrete Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:riuma.uma.es:10630/40471","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401385","display_name":"Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de M\u00e1laga (University of M\u00e1laga)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82767444","host_organization_name":"Universidad de M\u00e1laga","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82767444"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2025.108036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S186020892","display_name":"Cement and Concrete Research","issn_l":"0008-8846","issn":["0008-8846","1873-3948"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cement and Concrete Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4943999946117401,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5587175908","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IE19_182 UMA","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","funder_display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6307710185","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PRE2021-099053","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7630333651","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PID2020-114650RB-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326754","display_name":"Junta de Andaluc\u00eda","ror":"https://ror.org/01jem9c82"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553921382","https://openalex.org/W1970920010","https://openalex.org/W2024759398","https://openalex.org/W2035431830","https://openalex.org/W2047400738","https://openalex.org/W2051725722","https://openalex.org/W2072342051","https://openalex.org/W2074477616","https://openalex.org/W2078462763","https://openalex.org/W2085861007","https://openalex.org/W2132216432","https://openalex.org/W2149471962","https://openalex.org/W2203837243","https://openalex.org/W2324424583","https://openalex.org/W2605864128","https://openalex.org/W2742077718","https://openalex.org/W2769719797","https://openalex.org/W2789278946","https://openalex.org/W2790363890","https://openalex.org/W2792690840","https://openalex.org/W2883535192","https://openalex.org/W2886435875","https://openalex.org/W2886477787","https://openalex.org/W2886631840","https://openalex.org/W2889609742","https://openalex.org/W2900596615","https://openalex.org/W2906573964","https://openalex.org/W2986432220","https://openalex.org/W3073071544","https://openalex.org/W3092608799","https://openalex.org/W3092702460","https://openalex.org/W3122850432","https://openalex.org/W3125602876","https://openalex.org/W3163436326","https://openalex.org/W3164638295","https://openalex.org/W3178694833","https://openalex.org/W3193414941","https://openalex.org/W3193928018","https://openalex.org/W4205308772","https://openalex.org/W4220849461","https://openalex.org/W4237868476","https://openalex.org/W4280593212","https://openalex.org/W4281493767","https://openalex.org/W4281939533","https://openalex.org/W4282931157","https://openalex.org/W4292339014","https://openalex.org/W4308014727","https://openalex.org/W4308039938","https://openalex.org/W4313824368","https://openalex.org/W4319985435","https://openalex.org/W4375955693","https://openalex.org/W4378223050","https://openalex.org/W4378512806","https://openalex.org/W4385393939","https://openalex.org/W4387116932","https://openalex.org/W4387998307","https://openalex.org/W4388293037","https://openalex.org/W4388679899","https://openalex.org/W4389409260","https://openalex.org/W4389409266","https://openalex.org/W4389802297","https://openalex.org/W4390445833","https://openalex.org/W4391848826","https://openalex.org/W4392072498","https://openalex.org/W4393370927","https://openalex.org/W4394782510","https://openalex.org/W4400378657","https://openalex.org/W4401490143","https://openalex.org/W4409088678","https://openalex.org/W4409543644"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,229],"seeks":[2],"to":[3,50,105,155,173],"push":[4],"the":[5,80,98,110,210,213,218,227,231,238,245,251,257],"limits":[6],"of":[7,189,230,254],"LC":[8,86,113,147],"3":[9,87,114,148],"-50":[10,88],"binders":[11],"by":[12,34,67,92,133,141,158,176],"utilising":[13],"low-grade":[14],"kaolinite":[15,24,27],"clays":[16,25,44,60],"and":[17,40,48,79,97,103,109,206,212,221],"C-S-H":[18,222],"gel":[19],"nucleation":[20],"seeding.":[21,142,159,177],"Four":[22],"commercially-available":[23],"(i.e.":[26],"contents":[28],"~20":[29],"wt%)":[30],"have":[31,119],"been":[32],"studied":[33],"X-ray":[35,37,94],"fluorescence,":[36],"powder":[38,95],"diffraction":[39,96],"thermal":[41,101],"analysis.":[42],"The":[43,58,71,85,195],"were":[45,90,131,200],"thermally":[46],"activated":[47,59],"milled":[49],"D":[51],"v,50":[52],"=":[53,117,182],"11":[54,151],"\u00b1":[55],"2":[56],"\u03bcm.":[57],"showed":[61,150,163,185],"low":[62,121],"pozzolanic":[63,107,219,239],"performances,":[64],"as":[65],"determined":[66],"ASTM":[68],"C1897-20":[69],"standard.":[70],"heat":[72],"flows":[73],"ranged":[74],"200\u2013230":[75],"J/g":[76],"calcined":[77],"clay":[78],"bound":[81],"waters":[82],"4.3\u20135.7":[83],"%.":[84],"pastes":[89],"characterised":[91],"calorimetry,":[93],"Rietveld":[99],"method,":[100],"analysis,":[102],"porosimetry":[104],"evaluate":[106],"reactivity":[108],"seeding":[111,223],"effect.":[112],"mortars,":[115],"w/b":[116,181],"0.40,":[118],"relatively":[120],"compressive":[122,167],"strengths,":[123],"especially":[124],"at":[125,138,192,197,241],"one":[126,139],"day,":[127,145],"but":[128,202],"these":[129],"values":[130],"increased":[132,154,172],"64":[134],"%":[135,191,208],"on":[136],"average":[137],"day":[140,243],"At":[143],"1":[144,193,242],"three":[146],"mortars":[149,211],"MPa":[152,157],"which":[153],"18\u201320":[156],"A":[160,178],"fourth":[161],"mortar":[162],"a":[164,186],"much":[165],"higher":[166],"strength,":[168],"16":[169],"MPa,":[170,175],"that":[171],"23":[174],"tested":[179],"concrete,":[180,214],"0.50,":[183],"also":[184],"high":[187],"increase":[188],"37":[190],"day.":[194],"improvements":[196],"28":[198],"days":[199],"maintained":[201],"quantitatively":[203],"lower,":[204],"12":[205],"14":[207],"for":[209],"respectively.":[215],"Insights":[216],"into":[217],"reactions":[220],"are":[224],"obtained":[225],"from":[226,244],"quantitative":[228],"pastes.":[232],"For":[233],"instance,":[234],"it":[235],"is":[236,250,261],"proven":[237],"reaction":[240],"portlandite":[246],"consumption.":[247],"Also":[248],"shown":[249],"enhanced":[252],"formation":[253],"carboaluminates":[255],"when":[256],"strength":[258],"enhancing":[259],"admixture":[260],"added.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}