{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7082007097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","title":"Predicting Learning Styles Using an Adaptive Hierarchical Questionnaire with Machine Learning Techniques","display_name":"Predicting Learning Styles Using an Adaptive Hierarchical Questionnaire with Machine Learning Techniques","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7082007097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","pdf_url":"https://www.ijsrmt.com/index.php/ijsrmt/article/download/807/242","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404675407","display_name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology.","issn_l":"2583-4622","issn":["2583-4622"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404675406","host_organization_name":"Modern Academy For Engineering & Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404675406"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Academy For Engineering & Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.ijsrmt.com/index.php/ijsrmt/article/download/807/242","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Neelam Soni","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neelam Soni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Scholar, Dept. of Computer Science, MLSU, Udaipur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Scholar, Dept. of Computer Science, MLSU, Udaipur","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058593295","display_name":"Avinash Panwar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avinash Panwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assot. Professor, Dept. of Computer Science, MLSU, Udaipur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assot. Professor, Dept. of Computer Science, MLSU, Udaipur","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084243559","display_name":"Sumangla Rathore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9626-1544","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9626-1544"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138731","display_name":"ICFAI Foundation for Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/04p3pp808","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138731"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumangla Rathore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ajunct Faculty, ICFAI Foundation of Higher Education, Hyderabad"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ajunct Faculty, ICFAI Foundation of Higher Education, Hyderabad","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138731"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Harshvardhan Singh Krishnawat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harshvardhan Singh Krishnawat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Project Associate, Dept. of Computer Science, MLSU, Udaipur"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Project Associate, Dept. of Computer Science, MLSU, Udaipur","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43599322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"118","last_page":"123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11820","display_name":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","score":0.9164999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11820","display_name":"Learning Styles and Cognitive Differences","score":0.9164999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.06260000169277191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-style-prediction","display_name":"learning style prediction","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-questionnaires","display_name":"adaptive questionnaires","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index-of-learning-styles","display_name":"Index of Learning Styles","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/felder-silverman-learning-style-model","display_name":"Felder-Silverman learning styles","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-hypermedia","display_name":"adaptive hypermedia","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-education","display_name":"adaptive education","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/j48","display_name":"J48 decision tree","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/questionnaire-length-reduction","display_name":"questionnaire length reduction","score":0.5}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.677299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781285556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820370","display_name":"Learning styles","level":2,"score":0.6761000156402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.5814999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52003472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1022655","display_name":"C4.5 algorithm","level":4,"score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781249084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908656","display_name":"Preference","level":2,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181204326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239820","display_name":"Preference learning","level":3,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125014702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680749","display_name":"Adaptive learning","level":2,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199190896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3509276","display_name":"Learning classifier system","level":3,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150681269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2380771","display_name":"Cognitive style","level":3,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24138899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141258","display_name":"Instance-based learning","level":3,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102964294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4820028","display_name":"Auditory learning","level":3,"score":0.30239999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094097","display_name":"Online machine learning","level":3,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55457006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3647098","display_name":"Kinesthetic learning","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984567223","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"E learning","level":3,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28006648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934509","display_name":"Multi-task learning","level":3,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","pdf_url":"https://www.ijsrmt.com/index.php/ijsrmt/article/download/807/242","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404675407","display_name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology.","issn_l":"2583-4622","issn":["2583-4622"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404675406","host_organization_name":"Modern Academy For Engineering & Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404675406"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Academy For Engineering & Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.38124/ijsrmt.v4i8.807","pdf_url":"https://www.ijsrmt.com/index.php/ijsrmt/article/download/807/242","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4404675407","display_name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology.","issn_l":"2583-4622","issn":["2583-4622"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404675406","host_organization_name":"Modern Academy For Engineering & Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404675406"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Modern Academy For Engineering & Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8661988973617554,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322724","display_name":"Ministry of Education, India","ror":"https://ror.org/048xjjh50"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7082007097.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7082007097.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976033392","https://openalex.org/W1987794617","https://openalex.org/W2093215928","https://openalex.org/W2104621128","https://openalex.org/W2112929667","https://openalex.org/W2580783295","https://openalex.org/W2741373352","https://openalex.org/W2770084557","https://openalex.org/W2893895087","https://openalex.org/W2968445022","https://openalex.org/W2980461853","https://openalex.org/W3019258630","https://openalex.org/W3043394959","https://openalex.org/W3126903563","https://openalex.org/W4234042845"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"effective":[1],"teaching-learning":[2],"process":[3],"is":[4,55,93,120],"one":[5],"in":[6,25,35,81,86,98,116,137],"which":[7,40],"instructional":[8],"style":[9,47,85,179],"and":[10,18,33],"content":[11],"are":[12],"based":[13],"on":[14],"the":[15,26,45,49,66,69,72,83,89,94,99,117,138,142,166,177,181,184],"learner\u2019s":[16],"preference":[17],"learning":[19,46,84,178],"style.":[20],"The":[21,78,144],"same":[22],"holds":[23],"true":[24],"case":[27],"of":[28,48,71,74,96,114,123,141,169,180,187],"online":[29],"Learning":[30,52,75,189],"Management":[31],"Systems":[32],"especially":[34],"Adaptive":[36],"Education":[37],"Hypermedia":[38],"Systems(AEHS)":[39],"adapt":[41],"themselves":[42],"accordingly":[43],"to":[44,64,105,110,135,148,164,175],"user.":[50],"Felder-Silverman's":[51,188],"Style":[53,190],"Model":[54],"a":[56,62,102,111,121],"commonly":[57],"used":[58,163,174],"model":[59],"that":[60,101,171],"provides":[61],"framework":[63],"classify":[65],"learners":[67,182],"with":[68],"help":[70],"Index":[73],"Styles":[76],"Questionnaire.":[77],"main":[79],"challenge":[80],"predicting":[82],"AEHS":[87],"using":[88],"Felder":[90],"ILS":[91,156],"questionnaire":[92,100],"number":[95,113,168],"questions":[97,115,132,170],"learner":[103],"has":[104],"respond":[106],"to.":[107],"Here":[108],"due":[109],"large":[112],"questionnaire,":[118],"there":[119],"probability":[122],"users":[124],"skipping":[125],"certain":[126],"questions.":[127],"Such":[128],"misinterpreted":[129],"or":[130],"unattempted":[131],"can":[133,172],"lead":[134],"inaccuracy":[136],"evaluation":[139],"stage":[140],"questionnaire.":[143,157],"present":[145],"study":[146],"aims":[147],"bridge":[149],"this":[150],"gap":[151],"by":[152],"developing":[153],"an":[154],"adaptive":[155],"Decision":[158],"Tree":[159],"Algorithm":[160],"J48":[161],"was":[162],"identify":[165],"minimum":[167],"be":[173],"predict":[176],"across":[183],"4":[185],"dimensions":[186],"Model.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}