{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7080634136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","title":"Keystone Epitope Theory: An Ecological Perspective on RNA Viruses, Tumor Immunoediting, and Vaccine Design","display_name":"Keystone Epitope Theory: An Ecological Perspective on RNA Viruses, Tumor Immunoediting, and Vaccine Design","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7080634136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.17082095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal"},"volume":null,"type":"other","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070165631","display_name":"Simon Alexander Mallal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-1309","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-1309"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mallal, Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7036-1309","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034907795","display_name":"Amir Asiaee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-9820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-9820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asiaee, Amir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University Medical Center"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5317-9820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.4982999861240387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12576","display_name":"vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches","score":0.4982999861240387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.31709998846054077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.11110000312328339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rna-viruses","display_name":"RNA viruses","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-design","display_name":"vaccine design","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunodominance","display_name":"immunodominance","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigen-presentation","display_name":"antigen presentation","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxic-t-lymphocytes","display_name":"cytotoxic T lymphocytes","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-killer-cells","display_name":"natural killer cells","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hla-class-i-expression","display_name":"HLA class I expression","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-adaptation","display_name":"viral adaptation","score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistent-infection","display_name":"persistent infection","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influenza","display_name":"influenza","score":0.4560000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sars-cov-2","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c-virus","display_name":"hepatitis C virus","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhibitory-signaling","display_name":"inhibitory signaling","score":0.5099999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195616568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128711","display_name":"Epitope","level":3,"score":0.7745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6256999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.5511999726295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5167999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.43070000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3977000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147969180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5014579","display_name":"CTL*","level":4,"score":0.3521000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.33730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83464605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575296","display_name":"Antigen presentation","level":4,"score":0.3353999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207936829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423163","display_name":"Major histocompatibility complex","level":3,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51785407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2627568","display_name":"Effector","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140704245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3933202","display_name":"Viral replication","level":3,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776090121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193529","display_name":"T cell","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26010000705718994}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":8,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.17082095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.17082096","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.17915417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17915417","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17915417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18111910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18111910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18111910","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18321725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18321725","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18321725","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.18614512","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18614512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18614512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.19426893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19426893","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19426893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.20519015","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20519015","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20519015","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.17082095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17082095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6240000128746033,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000076998","display_name":"Tennessee Center for AIDS Research (TN-CFAR)","funder_award_id":"P30AI110527","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000908289","display_name":"NATIENS: A Phase III Randomized Double Blinded Study to Determine the Mechanisms and Optimal Management of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis","funder_award_id":"U01AI154659","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7080741071","https://openalex.org/W7128184707","https://openalex.org/W2119348952","https://openalex.org/W7168177595","https://openalex.org/W1037541310","https://openalex.org/W2159959278","https://openalex.org/W4255300986","https://openalex.org/W2557802420","https://openalex.org/W1973021822","https://openalex.org/W1968223268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Keystone":[0,71],"Epitope":[1,72],"Theory":[2,73],"proposes":[3],"that":[4,37,51,113,214],"persistent,":[5],"human-adapted":[6],"DNA":[7],"viruses":[8,33,40,151],"focus":[9],"postnatal":[10],"immunity":[11,75],"on":[12,65],"conserved,":[13],"functionally":[14,180],"linked":[15],"epitopes":[16,207],"and":[17,21,34,46,118,145,152,199,218,233,256],"coordinate":[18],"T,":[19],"B,":[20],"NK":[22,59,234],"cell":[23,54],"programs":[24,123],"within":[25,160],"tissue":[26,146],"niches.":[27],"Here,":[28],"we":[29],"read":[30],"fast-evolving":[31],"RNA":[32,39,150],"tumors":[35,63,153],"through":[36],"lens.":[38],"succeed":[41,154],"by":[42,165,172],"inflating":[43],"mutable":[44,169],"decoys":[45,170,213],"controlling":[47],"peptide\u2013HLA":[48],"display,":[49],"so":[50,175,225],"cytotoxic":[52,177,226],"T":[53],"visibility":[55],"falls":[56],"while":[57],"inhibitory":[58,216],"tone":[60],"is":[61,91,131,242],"preserved;":[62],"converge":[64],"the":[66,86,89],"same":[67],"interoperability":[68],"fault":[69],"lines.":[70],"assumes":[74],"does":[76],"not":[77],"have":[78],"a":[79,107,184],"single":[80],"default":[81],"objective.":[82],"Across":[83],"most":[84],"of":[85,110,191],"antigenic":[87],"landscape,":[88],"system":[90],"optimized":[92],"to":[93,168,230,252],"(i)":[94],"tolerate":[95],"high-abundance,":[96],"low-danger":[97],"exposures":[98],"at":[99],"barrier":[100],"surfaces,":[101],"(ii)":[102],"maintain":[103],"dynamic":[104],"equilibrium":[105],"with":[106,208,239],"small":[108],"set":[109],"co-evolved":[111],"residents":[112],"require":[114],"coordinated":[115],"multi-arm":[116],"control,":[117],"(iii)":[119],"deploy":[120],"sterilizing":[121],"effector":[122],"against":[124],"high-danger":[125],"acute":[126],"threats.":[127],"Because":[128],"sterilization-oriented":[129],"inflammation":[130],"biologically":[132],"costly,":[133],"KET":[134],"treats":[135],"these":[136,201],"outcomes":[137],"as":[138],"an":[139],"allocation":[140],"problem":[141],"under":[142],"finite":[143],"metabolic":[144],"constraints,":[147],"where":[148],"adaptable":[149],"when":[155,223],"they":[156],"can":[157],"misclassify":[158],"themselves":[159],"this":[161],"operating":[162],"space,":[163],"either":[164],"attracting":[166],"attention":[167],"or":[171],"altering":[173],"display":[174,193],"genuine":[176],"\u2018wins\u2019":[178],"are":[179,228],"invisible.":[181],"We":[182],"formalize":[183],"simple":[185],"decoy-versus-constrained":[186],"logic,":[187],"summarize":[188],"major":[189],"forms":[190],"antigen":[192,220],"control":[194],"(e.g.,":[195],"HLA-E/NKG2A;":[196],"HIV":[197],"Nef/Vpu),":[198],"translate":[200],"mechanisms":[202,251],"into":[203],"practical":[204],"principles:":[205],"target":[206],"measurable":[209],"fitness":[210],"cost,":[211],"avoid":[212],"reinforce":[215],"checkpoints,":[217],"restore":[219],"presentation":[221],"context":[222],"needed":[224],"wins":[227],"visible":[229],"both":[231],"CTL":[232],"arms.":[235],"A":[236],"one-page":[237],"primer":[238],"mechanistic":[240],"pointers":[241],"provided":[243],"in":[244],"Box":[245],"1.":[246],"This":[247],"ecological":[248],"framing":[249],"links":[250],"design":[253],"across":[254],"HIV/HCV/influenza/SARS\u2011CoV\u20112":[255],"tumor":[257],"immunoediting.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}