{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7077242534","doi":null,"title":"Pathways to employment: Subject choice, job requirements, and early employment outcomes for UK undergraduates","display_name":"Pathways to employment: Subject choice, job requirements, and early employment outcomes for UK undergraduates","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7077242534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/388380","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/388380","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/c161e2c4-d2c9-40ba-b505-0473104d5597/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/c161e2c4-d2c9-40ba-b505-0473104d5597/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pemberton, Sarah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pemberton, Sarah","raw_affiliation_strings":["College , Trinity Street , Cambridge CB2 1TA , UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College , Trinity Street , Cambridge CB2 1TA , UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43973154,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11779","display_name":"Higher Education and Employability","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11779","display_name":"Higher Education and Employability","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-subjects","display_name":"professional subjects","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-choice","display_name":"participant selection","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduate-employment","display_name":"graduate employment","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduate-salaries","display_name":"graduate earnings","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-students","display_name":"older students","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-mobility","display_name":"economic mobility","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education-and-labor-market","display_name":"higher education and labor market","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduate-outcomes","display_name":"graduate outcomes","score":0.3959999978542328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780090960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194489","display_name":"Salary","level":2,"score":0.862500011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.7581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.5267000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776698172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931244","display_name":"Underemployment","level":3,"score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909489605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141212","display_name":"Graduate degree","level":2,"score":0.4602999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.397599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.3873000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99656134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912993","display_name":"Ordinary least squares","level":2,"score":0.35089999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777902257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038919","display_name":"Career Pathways","level":2,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181575753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765192","display_name":"Further education","level":3,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140331021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868104","display_name":"Logit","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780499528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3273292","display_name":"Professional degree","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779297142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276412","display_name":"Educational attainment","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60729714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q476130","display_name":"Finkelstein's test","level":2,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777247013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038939","display_name":"Career development","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775997480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q586277","display_name":"Degree (music)","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985000018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Job market","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020528894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20820271","display_name":"Graduate students","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985790989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141212","display_name":"Graduate education","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87227347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100713","display_name":"Ordered logit","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134215751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829080","display_name":"Professional association","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/388380","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/388380","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/c161e2c4-d2c9-40ba-b505-0473104d5597/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/388380","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/388380","pdf_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstreams/c161e2c4-d2c9-40ba-b505-0473104d5597/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.975600004196167},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.9211000204086304},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5634253621101379}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7077242534.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7077242534.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Higher":[0,84],"education":[1,230],"in":[2,9,18,209,228,231],"the":[3,22,50,59,82,93,102,222],"United":[4],"Kingdom":[5],"has":[6],"dramatically":[7],"expanded":[8],"recent":[10],"decades,":[11],"along":[12],"with":[13],"questions":[14,240],"about":[15,241],"its":[16],"effectiveness":[17],"preparing":[19],"graduates":[20,100,188,206],"for":[21,32,76,199],"labour":[23,247],"market.":[24],"With":[25],"rising":[26],"tuition":[27],"fees":[28],"and":[29,67,91,122,127,152,174,234],"increasing":[30,223],"competition":[31],"graduate":[33],"jobs,":[34],"many":[35,204],"students":[36,53,143],"opt":[37],"to":[38,44,104,116,134,158,192,245],"study":[39,55,98],"\u2018professional\u2019":[40],"subjects\u2014fields":[41],"closely":[42],"tied":[43],"specific":[45],"professions.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"examines":[49,99],"characteristics":[51],"of":[52,124,225],"who":[54],"professional":[56,160,168,187,226],"subjects":[57,227],"at":[58],"undergraduate":[60],"level,":[61],"assesses":[62],"their":[63,72,77,195,200,212],"early":[64],"economic":[65,235],"outcomes,":[66],"explores":[68],"whether":[69],"they":[70],"perceive":[71],"degree":[73,125,196],"as":[74],"necessary":[75],"job.":[78,201],"Using":[79],"data":[80],"from":[81,92,101,144,167,183],"UK":[83,153],"Education":[85],"Statistics":[86],"Agency":[87],"(including":[88],"administrative":[89],"records)":[90],"Graduate":[94],"Outcomes":[95],"survey,":[96],"this":[97],"2018/19":[103],"2020/21":[105],"cohorts.":[106],"A":[107],"survey-weighted":[108],"ordinary":[109],"least":[110],"squares":[111],"regression":[112],"model":[113],"is":[114,132,214],"used":[115,133],"analyse":[117],"subject":[118],"choice,":[119],"employment":[120,172,233],"status,":[121],"perceptions":[123],"necessity,":[126],"a":[128],"generalised":[129],"ordered":[130],"logit":[131],"estimate":[135],"employed":[136],"salary":[137,175],"band":[138],"outcomes.":[139],"Findings":[140],"indicate":[141],"that":[142,194],"lower":[145],"socio-economic":[146],"status":[147],"backgrounds,":[148],"women,":[149],"older":[150],"students,":[151],"nationals":[154],"are":[155,189],"more":[156,190],"likely":[157,191],"pursue":[159],"subjects,":[161],"conditional":[162],"on":[163],"other":[164],"factors.":[165],"Graduates":[166],"fields":[169],"have":[170],"higher":[171,229,242],"rates":[173],"bands":[176],"15":[177],"months":[178],"after":[179],"graduation":[180],"than":[181],"those":[182],"non-professional":[184,205],"subjects.":[185],"Moreover,":[186],"report":[193],"was":[197],"required":[198],"In":[202],"contrast,":[203],"find":[207],"themselves":[208],"roles":[210],"where":[211],"qualification":[213],"neither":[215],"\u2018required\u2019":[216],"nor":[217],"\u2018advantageous\u2019.":[218],"These":[219],"findings":[220],"highlight":[221],"role":[224],"securing":[232],"mobility,":[236],"while":[237],"raising":[238],"important":[239],"education's":[243],"responsiveness":[244],"evolving":[246],"market":[248],"demands.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-24T07:32:12.397491","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
