{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7066360243","doi":null,"title":"Hospital-Treated Infections and 15-year Incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study","display_name":"Hospital-Treated Infections and 15-year Incidence of Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7066360243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Epidemiology, Vol Volume 17, Pp 251-264 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gao Y","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao Y","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034348227","display_name":"Dylan McGagh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6772-2775","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6772-2775"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"McGagh D","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ding L","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ding L","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hong S","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hong S","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ouyang Z","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ouyang Z","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wei J","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei J","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zeng C","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeng C","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lei G","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei G","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xie J","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xie J","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51947534,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11293","display_name":"Orthopedic Infections and Treatments","score":0.8363999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11293","display_name":"Orthopedic Infections and Treatments","score":0.8363999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.013399999588727951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11381","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/musculoskeletal-disorders","display_name":"musculoskeletal disorders","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-diseases","display_name":"infectious diseases","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteoarthritis","display_name":"osteoarthritis","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/septic-arthritis","display_name":"septic arthritis","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-spondylitis","display_name":"infectious spondylitis","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infectious-bursitis","display_name":"infectious bursitis","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-incidence","display_name":"long-term incidence","score":0.41100001335144043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.696399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521751864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729207","display_name":"Christian ministry","level":2,"score":0.6617000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5601999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.4887000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991797542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31855","display_name":"Research centre","level":2,"score":0.45910000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020610715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medical science","level":2,"score":0.43050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777532764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31855","display_name":"Research center","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.3562999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502701156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13439429","display_name":"Biomedical sciences","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152212766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3625645","display_name":"The Republic","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2939999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502991105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133849","display_name":"Clinical research","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062222","display_name":"Center (category theory)","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994571964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Clinical immunology","level":3,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991718331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133849","display_name":"Clinical science","level":4,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019869117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42240","display_name":"Original research","level":2,"score":0.2596000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106977388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2752427","display_name":"Medical research","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Epidemiology, Vol Volume 17, Pp 251-264 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/df1b4dd9d7c7460881fd58b743cd8b25","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Epidemiology, Vol Volume 17, Pp 251-264 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4007526934146881,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Yaqing":[0],"Gao,1":[1],"Dylan":[2],"McGagh,2":[3],"Lei":[4],"Ding,3":[5],"Shenda":[6],"Hong,4,5":[7],"Zhengxiao":[8],"Ouyang,6":[9],"Jie":[10],"Wei,7\u2013":[11],"10":[12,15,18,398,487,626],"Chao":[13],"Zeng,7\u2013":[14],"Guanghua":[16,190],"Lei,7\u2013":[17],"Junqing":[19,209],"Xie2,7":[20],"1Nuffield":[21],"Department":[22,192],"of":[23,27,44,51,63,74,78,87,90,101,104,116,119,129,133,143,153,158,171,188,193,205,224,268,305,381,409,452,500,562,576,640],"Population":[24],"Health,":[25],"University":[26,43,94,223],"Oxford,":[28,29,41,45,46,221,225,226],"UK;":[30,47],"2Centre":[31],"for":[32,58,177,212,418,480,513,631,635],"Statistics":[33,213],"in":[34,214,287,313,516],"Medicine":[35,215],"and":[36,136,140,161,216,245,254,260,281,337,355,397,433,456,468,511,534,545,558,592,607,612],"NIHR":[37,217],"Biomedical":[38,218],"Research":[39,175,219],"Centre":[40,211,220],"NDORMS,":[42,222],"3State":[48],"Key":[49,156],"Laboratory":[50,132,157],"Cardiovascular":[52,59],"Disease,":[53],"Fuwai":[54],"Hospital,":[55,109,122,146,164,181,196],"National":[56],"Center":[57,176],"Diseases,":[60],"Chinese":[61],"Academy":[62],"Medical":[64,69,91],"Sciences":[65],"&":[66],"Peking":[67,82,93],"Union":[68],"College,":[70],"Beijing,":[71,84,98],"People\u2019s":[72,85,99,114,127,151,169,186,203],"Republic":[73,86,100,115,128,152,170,187,204],"China;":[75,88,102,117,130,154,172],"4National":[76],"Institute":[77],"Health":[79,95],"Data":[80],"Science,":[81],"University,":[83,112,125,149,167,184,199],"5Institute":[89],"Technology,":[92],"Science":[96],"Center,":[97],"6Department":[103],"Orthopedics,":[105],"The":[106,622],"Second":[107],"Xiangya":[108,121,145,163,180,195],"Central":[110,123,147,165,182,197],"South":[111,124,148,166,183,198],"Changsha,":[113,126,150,168,185,200],"7Department":[118],"Orthopaedics,":[120,194],"8Key":[131],"Aging-Related":[134],"Bone":[135],"Joint":[137,159],"Diseases":[138],"Prevention":[139],"Treatment,":[141],"Ministry":[142],"Education,":[144],"9Hunan":[155],"Degeneration":[160],"Injury,":[162],"10National":[173],"Clinical":[174],"Geriatric":[178],"Disorders,":[179],"ChinaCorrespondence:":[189],"Lei,":[191],"Hunan,":[201],"410008,":[202],"China,":[206],"Email":[207,235],"lei_guanghua@csu.edu.cn":[208],"Xie,":[210],"Oxfordshire,":[227],"OX3":[228],"7LD,":[229],"UK,":[230],"Tel":[231],"+44":[232],"1865":[233],"227374,":[234],"Junqing.xie@ndorms.ox.ac.ukBackground:":[236],"Basic":[237],"science":[238],"evidence":[239],"reveals":[240],"interactions":[241,531],"between":[242,532,543],"the":[243,266,394,541,629],"immune":[244,533],"bone":[246,535,584],"systems.":[247],"However,":[248,537],"population":[249,538],"studies":[250,527,539],"linking":[251],"infectious":[252,643],"diseases":[253],"musculoskeletal":[255,546],"(MSK)":[256,547],"disorders":[257,272,308,449,548],"are":[258,492,522,549],"limited":[259],"inconsistent.":[261],"We":[262,295],"aimed":[263],"to":[264,378,473,583,603],"examine":[265],"risk":[267,575,599,623],"six":[269,411],"main":[270],"MSK":[271,307,328,388,412,463,496,514,578,633],"(osteoarthritis,":[273],"rheumatoid":[274,434,589,646],"arthritis,":[275,590,647],"osteoporosis,":[276,648],"gout,":[277,649],"low":[278,650],"back":[279,651],"pain,":[280],"neck":[282],"pain)":[283],"following":[284],"hospital-treated":[285,402,520,570],"infections":[286,317,343,458,464,491,521,571],"a":[288,573,604,616,638],"large":[289],"cohort":[290],"with":[291,341,349,360,406,414,462,494,518,555,609,637],"long":[292],"follow-up":[293],"periods.Methods:":[294],"analysed":[296],"data":[297],"from":[298,332],"502,409":[299],"UK":[300],"Biobank":[301],"participants.":[302],"Participants":[303,340],"free":[304],"specific":[306,602],"at":[309],"baseline":[310,319],"were":[311,320,330,344,365,385],"included":[312],"each":[314],"analysis.":[315],"Hospital-treated":[316,490],"before":[318],"identified":[321],"using":[322,367],"national":[323],"inpatient":[324,333],"data,":[325],"while":[326,447],"incident":[327,481],"outcomes":[329],"ascertained":[331],"records,":[334],"primary":[335],"care,":[336],"death":[338],"registers.":[339],"prior":[342,519],"propensity":[345],"score":[346],"matched":[347],"(1:5)":[348],"those":[350,581],"without.":[351],"Hazard":[352],"ratios":[353],"(HRs)":[354],"absolute":[356],"rate":[357],"differences":[358],"(ARDs)":[359],"95%":[361],"confidence":[362],"intervals":[363],"(CIs)":[364],"calculated":[366],"Cox":[368],"proportional":[369],"hazards":[370],"models.":[371],"To":[372],"assess":[373],"potential":[374],"reverse":[375],"causality":[376],"due":[377],"delayed":[379],"diagnosis":[380],"preexisting":[382],"illness,":[383],"analyses":[384],"repeated":[386],"excluding":[387],"disorder":[389,497,504],"cases":[390,482],"that":[391,483,566],"occurred":[392,484],"within":[393],"first":[395],"5":[396],"years":[399,488,561],"post-baseline.Results:":[400],"A":[401],"infection":[403,544,606],"was":[404,600],"associated":[405,493],"increased":[407,474,598],"risks":[408],"all":[410],"disorders,":[413],"particularly":[415],"strong":[416],"associations":[417],"osteoporosis":[419],"(HR,":[420,436],"1.55":[421],"[1.48\u2013":[422],"1.63];":[423],"ARD,":[424,440],"1.48":[425],"[95%":[426],"CI":[427],"1.29\u2013":[428],"1.68]":[429],"per":[430,444],"1000":[431,445],"person-years)":[432],"arthritis":[435],"1.53":[437],"[1.41\u2013":[438],"1.65];":[439],"0.58":[441],"[0.46\u2013":[442],"0.71]":[443],"person-years),":[446],"other":[448,469],"showed":[450,459],"HRs":[451],"1.28\u2013":[453],"1.32.":[454],"Bacterial":[455],"viral":[457],"similar":[460],"associations,":[461],"(generally":[465],"stronger":[466],"risk)":[467],"locations":[470],"both":[471],"linked":[472],"risks.":[475],"Associations":[476],"remained":[477],"significant":[478],"even":[479],"more":[485,610],"than":[486,619],"post-baseline.Conclusion:":[489],"long-term":[495,632],"risks,":[498],"regardless":[499],"pathogen":[501],"type":[502],"or":[503,507],"nature":[505],"(inflammatory":[506],"degenerative).":[508],"Long-term":[509],"monitoring":[510],"care":[512,634],"health":[515],"patients":[517],"recommended.Plain":[523],"Language":[524],"Summary:":[525],"Recent":[526],"have":[528],"revealed":[529],"intimate":[530],"cells.":[536],"on":[540],"link":[542],"limited.":[550],"In":[551],"this":[552],"large-scale":[553],"study":[554],"balanced":[556],"covariates":[557],"over":[559],"15":[560],"follow-up,":[563],"we":[564],"found":[565],"people":[567],"who":[568],"had":[569,572],"higher":[574],"developing":[577],"conditions,":[579],"including":[580],"related":[582],"metabolism":[585],"(osteoporosis),":[586],"inflammation":[587],"(eg,":[588,595],"gout),":[591],"degenerative":[593],"processes":[594],"osteoarthritis).":[596],"This":[597],"not":[601],"particular":[605],"grew":[608],"frequent":[611],"severe":[613,641],"infections,":[614],"suggesting":[615],"systemic":[617],"rather":[618],"pathogen-specific":[620],"effect.":[621],"persists":[624],"beyond":[625],"years,":[627],"highlighting":[628],"need":[630],"individuals":[636],"history":[639],"infections.Keywords:":[642],"disease,":[644],"osteoarthritis,":[645],"pain":[652]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}