{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7064795289","doi":null,"title":"Collegiate Athlete Runner Study CARS: A Longitudinal Analysis of Dietary Intake in Comparison with Dietary Recommendations for Athletes","display_name":"Collegiate Athlete Runner Study CARS: A Longitudinal Analysis of Dietary Intake in Comparison with Dietary Recommendations for Athletes","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7064795289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:osu1587466845699645","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hinderer, Ashley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hinderer, Ashley","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Ohio State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Ohio State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.41830652,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.4553000032901764,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12873","display_name":"Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior","score":0.4553000032901764,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.12520000338554382,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13112","display_name":"Nutrition and Health Studies","score":0.09059999883174896,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collegiate-athletes","display_name":"collegiate athletes","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-consumption","display_name":"dietary intake","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-availability","display_name":"energy availability","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-intake","display_name":"energy intake","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macronutrient-intake","display_name":"macronutrient intake","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vitamin-d","display_name":"vitamin D","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium","display_name":"calcium","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron","display_name":"iron","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutritional-adequacy","display_name":"nutritional adequacy","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/running-mileage","display_name":"running mileage","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"injury prevention","score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-supplementation","display_name":"iron supplementation","score":0.3100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8267999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.6406999826431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.5138000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780662849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48768339","display_name":"Food frequency questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.4596000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018685816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213449","display_name":"Food intake","level":2,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40438245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130964","display_name":"Calorie","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776940978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34956","display_name":"Vitamin","level":2,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988147884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377024","display_name":"Energy expenditure","level":2,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018303953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377024","display_name":"Energy requirement","level":3,"score":0.35510000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.353300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206041023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751970","display_name":"Wilcoxon signed-rank test","level":3,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.30720001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129230472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767036","display_name":"Food group","level":2,"score":0.3059000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37281782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412867","display_name":"Dietary Reference Intake","level":3,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61427482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6656244","display_name":"Anthropometry","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986317502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570714","display_name":"Energy metabolism","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133165541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472094","display_name":"Exercise physiology","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017650416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3281331","display_name":"Feeding behavior","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778834376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7696504","display_name":"Telephone interview","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148257392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2358629","display_name":"Clinical nutrition","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124490489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936963","display_name":"Vitamin D and neurology","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181588539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219067","display_name":"Physical exercise","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171687745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309252","display_name":"Physical fitness","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:osu1587466845699645","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:osu1587466845699645","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","pdf_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196344","display_name":"OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210155183","host_organization_name":"Ohio Library and Information Network","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587466845699645","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.5666999816894531,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7064795289.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7064795289.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510647482","https://openalex.org/W1569217992","https://openalex.org/W1841061497","https://openalex.org/W1855806657","https://openalex.org/W1858943300","https://openalex.org/W1877090185","https://openalex.org/W1918579068","https://openalex.org/W1930055526","https://openalex.org/W1968131265","https://openalex.org/W1969968719","https://openalex.org/W1989199273","https://openalex.org/W1999788103","https://openalex.org/W2002511572","https://openalex.org/W2004395090","https://openalex.org/W2013935353","https://openalex.org/W2014052991","https://openalex.org/W2027175653","https://openalex.org/W2035632881","https://openalex.org/W2042056012","https://openalex.org/W2044026928","https://openalex.org/W2051639587","https://openalex.org/W2054281547","https://openalex.org/W2055880399","https://openalex.org/W2059422685","https://openalex.org/W2064440177","https://openalex.org/W2071615399","https://openalex.org/W2079616879","https://openalex.org/W2085025430","https://openalex.org/W2087279974","https://openalex.org/W2089119150","https://openalex.org/W2093700240","https://openalex.org/W2097298701","https://openalex.org/W2098823186","https://openalex.org/W2102043517","https://openalex.org/W2103657151","https://openalex.org/W2104871969","https://openalex.org/W2106619928","https://openalex.org/W2112866598","https://openalex.org/W2134189729","https://openalex.org/W2134683897","https://openalex.org/W2141884714","https://openalex.org/W2160364007","https://openalex.org/W2160611986","https://openalex.org/W2163568005","https://openalex.org/W2166906979","https://openalex.org/W2174119269","https://openalex.org/W2275433898","https://openalex.org/W2339288845","https://openalex.org/W2520790572","https://openalex.org/W2563881118","https://openalex.org/W2575449066","https://openalex.org/W2604433708","https://openalex.org/W2762779020","https://openalex.org/W2763054588","https://openalex.org/W2805766903","https://openalex.org/W2887218535","https://openalex.org/W2890716750","https://openalex.org/W2911190474","https://openalex.org/W2923171971","https://openalex.org/W2931635382","https://openalex.org/W2944577121","https://openalex.org/W2945739145","https://openalex.org/W2947625911","https://openalex.org/W2948723103","https://openalex.org/W2972996491","https://openalex.org/W4243528924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3042030841","https://openalex.org/W3011208256","https://openalex.org/W3165495957","https://openalex.org/W7112540639","https://openalex.org/W4384009390","https://openalex.org/W4294816991","https://openalex.org/W2107358865","https://openalex.org/W4296112985","https://openalex.org/W7117323565","https://openalex.org/W1915124985"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Little":[1],"is":[2,19],"known":[3],"about":[4],"dietary":[5,42,226,232,402],"intakes":[6,43,169],"in":[7,112,117,220,353],"female":[8,39,78,417],"endurance":[9,40,418],"runners":[10,150,199,223,230,394,419],"over":[11,330],"the":[12,62,113,120,127,135,147,167,190,221,293,309,325,361,374,388,400,407],"course":[13],"of":[14,38,64,110,134,149,192,207,214,260,317,350,356,365,377,379,391,399,409,416],"a":[15,20,58,89,94,171],"competition":[16],"year.Diet":[17],"periodization":[18],"relatively":[21],"new":[22],"concept":[23],"that":[24],"may":[25,432],"decrease":[26],"injury":[27,436],"rates":[28],"and":[29,55,75,98,119,157,212,242,251,257,267,284,315,344,370,383,438],"prevent":[30],"long-term":[31,439],"illness.Objectives:":[32],"This":[33,66],"study":[34,68,296],"examines":[35],"nutrition":[36],"adequacy":[37],"athletes'":[41],"(e.g.,":[44],"energy":[45,48,381],"intake":[46,104,382],"(EI),":[47],"availability":[49],"(EA),":[50],"macronutrients,":[51],"vitamin":[52,345],"D,":[53],"calcium,":[54],"iron)":[56],"across":[57,155,170],"competitive":[59,172],"year":[60,173],"relative":[61],"nutrients":[63,111,410],"concern.Methods:":[65],"longitudinal":[67],"used":[69,187],"three":[70],"lab":[71,81],"visits":[72,156,236],"(pre-training,":[73],"mid-training,":[74,241],"postrace/event)":[76],"with":[77,194,203,273],"distance":[79],"runners.Each":[80],"visit":[82,304],"included":[83],"anthropometry,":[84],"dual":[85],"x-ray":[86],"absorptiometry":[87],"(iDXA),":[88],"modified":[90],"activity":[91],"questionnaire":[92,102],"(MAQ),":[93],"three-day":[95],"food":[96,100,114],"record,":[97],"Vioscreen":[99,121,193],"frequency":[101,148],"(FFQ).Dietary":[103],"was":[105,185],"measured":[106],"using":[107],"an":[108,204,306],"average":[109,205],"record":[115],"(evaluated":[116],"ESHA)":[118],"FFQ.These":[122],"values":[123],"were":[124],"compared":[125],"to":[126,145,165,178,188,280,359,396,423],"current":[128],"recommendations":[129],"for":[130,234,337,404,406,413],"sport.Statistical":[131],"analyses":[132],"consisted":[133],"Wilcoxon":[136],"matched":[137],"paired":[138],"sign":[139],"rank":[140],"test":[141],"(SPSS":[142],"version":[143,163],"25.0)":[144],"examine":[146],"meeting":[151],"various":[152],"nutritional":[153,168],"guidelines":[154,403],"Proc":[158],"Glimmix":[159,184],"linear":[160],"modeling":[161],"(SAS":[162],"9.0)":[164],"evaluate":[166,189],"while":[174,228],"allowing":[175],"each":[176],"individual":[177],"act":[179],"as":[180],"her":[181],"own":[182],"control.Proc":[183],"also":[186],"performance":[191],"ESHA":[195],"measures.iii":[196],"Results:":[197],"Nine":[198],"ages":[200],"20-25":[201],"years":[202],"weight":[206],"55.02":[208],"\u00b1":[209,216,249,253,262,265,269,278,282,286],"4.7":[210],"kg":[211],"height":[213],"162.4":[215],"5":[217],"cm":[218],"participated":[219],"study.Seven":[222],"provided":[224],"complete":[225],"data,":[227],"2":[229],"completed":[231],"data":[233],"two":[235],"(n=25":[237],"total":[238,295,380],"visits).At":[239],"pre-training,":[240],"post-race/event,":[243],"participants":[244,318,333,357],"averaged":[245],"38.7":[246],"\u00b110.7,":[247],"35":[248],"12.5":[250],"46.1":[252],"19.6":[254],"weekly":[255],"miles":[256],"consumed":[258],"EIs":[259],"2,069":[261],"332.5,":[263],"1,748":[264],"318,":[266],"1,806":[268],"332":[270],"calories.EA":[271],"decreased":[272],"increasing":[274],"mileage":[275],"from":[276],"35.7":[277],"9.3,":[279],"31":[281],"9.5,":[283],"30.3":[285],"10.7":[287],"kcal/kg*Fat":[288],"Free":[289],"Mass":[290],"(FFM)":[291],"(p=0.0001).Within":[292],"25":[294],"visits,":[297],"all":[298,331,371,398],"but":[299],"one":[300,303],"participant":[301],"at":[302,322],"reported":[305],"EA":[307],"under":[308],"recommended":[310],"optimal":[311],"threshold":[312,327,364],">45":[313],"kcal/kg*FFM,":[314],"40%":[316],"(":[319],"n=10)":[320],"falling":[321],"or":[323],"below":[324],"insufficient":[326],"30":[328],"kcal/kg*FFM":[329],"visits.Few":[332],"met":[334],"sport-specific":[335],"thresholds":[336],"carb":[338],"(n=3,":[339],"12%),":[340],"iron":[341],"(n=10,":[342],"40%),":[343],"D":[346],"(n=9,":[347],"36%)":[348],"regardless":[349],"their":[351,425,435],"point":[352],"training.The":[354],"majority":[355,408],"appeared":[358],"meet":[360,397],"minimum":[362],"protein":[363],"1.2":[366],"g/kg":[367],"(n=16,":[368],"64%),":[369],"athletes":[372,385],"exceeded":[373,387],"fat":[375],"recommendation":[376,390],"20%":[378],"13":[384],"(52%)":[386],"upper":[389],"35%.Conclusions:":[392],"Most":[393],"failed":[395],"proposed":[401],"sport":[405],"considered":[411],"important":[412],"sport.This":[414],"sample":[415],"did":[420],"not":[421],"appear":[422],"periodize":[424],"diet":[426],"accompanying":[427],"periodized":[428],"training":[429],"plans,":[430],"which":[431],"negatively":[433],"impact":[434],"risk":[437],"health.":[440]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}