{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7047100366","doi":null,"title":"EU External Environmental Policy","display_name":"EU External Environmental Policy","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7047100366"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10216931","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10216931/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10216931/3/Marin%20Duran_EU%20External%20Relations%20Law%20-%20Chapter11_Accepted%20Manuscript02092025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: Wessel, RA and Larik, JE, (eds.) EU External Relations Law: Text, Cases and Materials. Hart Publishing: London, UK. (2025)","raw_type":"Book chapter"},"volume":null,"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10216931/3/Marin%20Duran_EU%20External%20Relations%20Law%20-%20Chapter11_Accepted%20Manuscript02092025.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015796340","display_name":"Gracia Mar\u00edn Dur\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-3129","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-3129"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marin Duran, G","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015796340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.5327000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.5327000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13756","display_name":"International Environmental Law and Policies","score":0.42160001397132874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.028300000354647636,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union-foreign-policy","display_name":"EU external relations","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-integration","display_name":"environmental integration","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/article-11-tfeu","display_name":"Article 11 TFEU","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/article-21-teu","display_name":"Article 21 TEU","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-external-competences","display_name":"EU external competences","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-policy","display_name":"climate policy","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-environmental-norms","display_name":"international environmental norms","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateralism","display_name":"multilateralism","score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilateralism","display_name":"bilateralism","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unilateralism","display_name":"unilateralism","score":0.7820000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989271921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919526","display_name":"Environmental policy","level":2,"score":0.5200999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.41269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164749845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320389","display_name":"Environmental impact assessment","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10216931","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10216931/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10216931/3/Marin%20Duran_EU%20External%20Relations%20Law%20-%20Chapter11_Accepted%20Manuscript02092025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: Wessel, RA and Larik, JE, (eds.) EU External Relations Law: Text, Cases and Materials. Hart Publishing: London, UK. (2025)","raw_type":"Book chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10077496","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10077496/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: Larik, JE and Wessel, RA, (eds.) EU External Relations Law - Text, Cases and Materials. Hart Publishing: Oxford, UK. (2020)","raw_type":"Book chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10216931","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10216931/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10216931/3/Marin%20Duran_EU%20External%20Relations%20Law%20-%20Chapter11_Accepted%20Manuscript02092025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"In: Wessel, RA and Larik, JE, (eds.) EU External Relations Law: Text, Cases and Materials. Hart Publishing: London, UK. (2025)","raw_type":"Book chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7047100366.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7047100366.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W619760347","https://openalex.org/W4386901185","https://openalex.org/W1618291694","https://openalex.org/W109845560","https://openalex.org/W2969044095","https://openalex.org/W3021971418","https://openalex.org/W50283211","https://openalex.org/W4289719029","https://openalex.org/W4210969969","https://openalex.org/W2086973007"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Central":[0],"Issues\u2022":[1],"Since":[2],"it":[3,30,54,570,800],"was":[4,301],"attributed":[5],"external":[6,22,97,135,162,200,233,284,544,730,779],"powers":[7],"over":[8,764],"environmental":[9,23,41,62,72,98,128,147,183,234,262,285,346,414,471,496,516,581,598,623,654,670,677,718,731,750,771,972,981],"matters":[10],"in":[11,39,46,66,116,137,144,194,289,392,408,474,562,587,610,628,644,679,697,701,747,777,802,818,879,971,983,1105,1124,1138],"the":[12,15,47,85,90,95,102,105,113,121,146,154,160,173,217,238,297,305,319,323,328,351,357,393,419,431,438,445,448,492,522,525,548,557,576,593,602,622,638,665,685,692,698,710,724,728,748,756,765,770,775,781,789,797,809,819,826,836,927,964,987,1000,1006,1032,1037,1067,1072,1076,1089,1099],"late":[13,827],"1980s,":[14,828],"EU":[16,174,199,232,269,274,283,345,361,413,495,543,580,597,603,669,686,776,810,870,886,898,965,1007,1125],"has":[17,31,55,202,314,733,761,786,811],"gradually":[18],"developed":[19],"a":[20,26,36,59,138,177,205,338,422,483,504,512,605,634,646,651,737,815,941,959,1009,1044,1093],"mature":[21],"policy":[24,99,109,118,129,188,209,286,347,415,429,647,732,759,973],"using":[25],"plethora":[27],"of":[28,77,94,123,140,157,208,220,282,310,321,325,330,340,353,360,379,421,424,437,447,457,485,494,515,541,579,596,608,653,668,727,739,869,930,961,986,993,997,1005,1031,1036,1039,1065,1071,1092],"instruments.Moreover,":[29],"increasingly":[32],"aspired":[33,812],"to":[34,104,133,250,257,350,416,418,435,465,491,539,573,590,620,658,664,673,813,832,848,926,1050,1107],"play":[35,814],"leadership":[37,816,901,907,914],"role":[38,817],"international":[40,71,463,714,749],"affairs,":[42],"and":[43,69,92,100,108,153,180,184,241,247,260,299,313,327,342,387,443,454,473,500,508,524,559,614,625,642,656,661,675,834,856,863,873,882,891,909,918,935,948,978,991,999,1002,1035,1059,1070],"most":[44],"notably":[45],"global":[48,61,78,261,820],"fight":[49,782],"against":[50,783,822],"climate":[51,477,784,823,841,854,1110],"change.At":[52],"present,":[53],"established":[56],"itself":[57],"as":[58,503,547,752,754,792,843,845,1008],"multi-layered":[60],"actor,":[63],"actively":[64],"engaged":[65],"shaping,":[67],"importing":[68],"promoting":[70,460],"norms":[73],"at":[74,462,521],"various":[75,231,984],"levels":[76],"governance.\u2022":[79],"In":[80,807,921],"this":[81,117,167,195,380,409,923,1019],"chapter,":[82],"we":[83],"examine":[84],"constitutional":[86,168,280],"framework":[87,839],"that":[88,198,487,648,684,953,963],"underpins":[89],"formulation":[91],"conduct":[93],"EU's":[96,114,127,394,729,757],"expose":[101],"reader":[103],"key":[106],"legal":[107,838],"challenges":[110],"stemming":[111],"from":[112,796,1088],"practice":[115],"field":[119],"through":[120,229,736,852],"lens":[122],"selected":[124,191],"case-studies.\u2022":[125],"The":[126,190,265],"is":[130,236,287,924,1085],"constitutionally":[131],"linked":[132],"other":[134,185,542],"policies":[136,855],"number":[139,423,484,960],"Treaty":[141,320,324,329],"provisions":[142,334,532],"and,":[143,743],"particular,":[145],"integration":[148],"requirement":[149],"(Article":[150,164],"11":[151],"TFEU)":[152],"common":[155,226],"set":[156,339],"objectives":[158,341,558,624],"for":[159,277,344,506,509,640,876],"Union's":[161],"action":[163,201,613,994],"21":[165],"TEU).However,":[166],"imperative":[169],"will":[170],"often":[171,203],"confront":[172],"legislator":[175,604,966],"with":[176,296,467,720,859,915,1109],"delicate":[178],"balancing":[179],"trade-offs":[181],"between":[182],"(economic,":[186],"social)":[187],"objectives.\u2022":[189],"case-studies":[192],"examined":[193],"Chapter":[196,554],"illustrate":[197],"involved":[204],"complex":[206],"mix":[207],"tools,":[210],"which":[211,293,300,702,1113],"cannot":[212],"easily":[213],"be":[214,794],"placed":[215],"into":[216,905,969],"neat":[218],"categories":[219],"'multilateralism',":[221],"'bilateralism'":[222],"or":[223,365,469,995],"'unilateralism'.\u2022":[224],"A":[225],"thread":[227],"running":[228],"these":[230,531],"measures":[235,461,690,719],"whether":[237],"Union":[239,1046],"can":[240,649,687,706],"should":[242],"use":[243],"its":[244,695,703,778,877,900,911,1060],"market":[245],"size":[246],"structural":[248],"power":[249],"promote":[251],"-or":[252],"one":[253],"could":[254,793],"even":[255],"say":[256],"force":[258],"-thirdcountry":[259],"action.":[263],"I.":[264],"Constitutional":[266],"Framework":[267],"on":[268,430,716,840,1043],"External":[270,275,395,1126],"Environmental":[271,278,390],"Policy":[272,551],"A.":[273],"Competence":[276],"MattersThe":[279],"core":[281],"found":[288],"Title":[290],"XX":[291],"TFEU,":[292,1012],"deals":[294],"specifically":[295,489],"environment,":[298],"first":[302,335,529],"introduced":[303],"by":[304,318,713,745,755,774,830,846,850,903,1117],"Single":[306,367],"European":[307,368,1033,1068,1100],"Act":[308,369],"(SEA)":[309],"1986":[311],"1":[312,366],"undergone":[315],"several":[316],"amendments":[317],"Maastricht,":[322],"Amsterdam":[326],"Lisbon.":[331],"2":[332,375],"These":[333],"lay":[336],"down":[337,1075],"principles":[343,486,560,626,929],"which,":[348],"pursuant":[349],"principle":[352],"conferral,":[354],"3":[355],"determine":[356],"substantive":[358,577,594,725],"scope":[359,595,667],"competence":[362,497],"(whether":[363],"internal":[364,853],"[1987]":[370],"OJ":[371,1053,1082],"L169/24,":[372],"Art":[373,406,933,938,955,1016],"130r(5).":[374],"For":[376,940],"an":[377],"overview":[378],"historical":[381],"evolution,":[382],"see":[383,945,1021],"G":[384],"Mar\u00edn":[385,946],"Dur\u00e1n":[386,947],"E":[388,1139],"Morgera,":[389],"Integration":[391],"Relations":[396],"-Beyond":[397],"Multilateral":[398],"Dimensions":[399],"(Oxford,":[400,893],"Hart":[401],"Publishing,":[402],"2012)":[403],"9-13.3":[404],"TEU,":[405],"5(2).external)":[407],"field.The":[410],"TFEU":[411,480,565,682,954],"requires":[412],"contribute":[417,434],"pursuit":[420,436],"objectives.":[425],"Article":[426,563,629,680,803],"191(1)":[427,681,804],"TFEUUnion":[428],"environment":[432,693],"shall":[433],"following":[439],"objectives:\u2022":[440],"preserving,":[441],"protecting":[442,450],"improving":[444],"quality":[446],"environment,\u2022":[449],"human":[451],"health,\u2022":[452],"prudent":[453],"rational":[455],"utilisation":[456],"natural":[458],"resources,\u2022":[459],"level":[464,514],"deal":[466,1108],"regional":[468],"worldwide":[470,676],"problems,":[472],"particular":[475],"combating":[476],"change.Article":[478],"191(2)":[479],"further":[481,553,957,1022],"provides":[482],"are":[488,566,618],"applicable":[490],"exercise":[493],"(both":[498],"internally":[499],"externally)":[501],"4":[502],"guide":[505],"law-making":[507],"interpretation,":[510],"namely:":[511],"high":[513],"protection,":[517],"prevention,":[518],"precaution,":[519],"rectification":[520],"source":[523],"polluter":[526],"pays.5":[527],"At":[528],"sight,":[530],"may":[533],"appear":[534],"relatively":[535],"elaborated":[536],"when":[537],"compared":[538],"those":[540],"policies,":[545],"such":[546],"Common":[549],"Commercial":[550],"(see":[552],"7).6":[555],"Yet,":[556],"enshrined":[561],"191":[564,630],"broadly":[567],"defined,":[568],"rendering":[569],"almost":[571],"impossible":[572],"clearly":[574],"delineate":[575],"boundaries":[578],"policy.EU":[582],"primary":[583],"law":[584,715],"does":[585],"not,":[586],"fact,":[588,808],"seek":[589],"(unduly)":[591],"restrict":[592],"competence,":[599,671],"but":[600],"leaves":[601],"wide":[606],"margin":[607],"appreciation":[609],"deciding":[611],"what":[612],"measures,":[615],"if":[616],"any,":[617],"necessary":[619],"achieve":[621],"stipulated":[627],"TFEU.7":[631],"This":[632,1084],"seems":[633],"desirable":[635],"approach,":[636],"given":[637],"need":[639],"flexibility":[641],"adaptation":[643],"formulating":[645],"address":[650],"range":[652],"issues":[655,772],"adjust":[657],"new":[659],"developments":[660],"specific":[662,1094],"circumstances.As":[663],"territorial":[666],"reference":[672],"'regional":[674],"problems'":[678],"indicates":[683],"also":[688,1086],"take":[689,968],"targeting":[691],"beyond":[694],"borders,":[696],"same":[699],"way":[700],"Member":[704],"States":[705],"do":[707],"so,":[708],"within":[709,1098],"limits":[711],"imposed":[712],"domestic":[717],"'extraterritorial'":[721],"effects.8":[722],"Therefore,":[723],"content":[726],"been":[734],"defined":[735],"series":[738],"'Environment":[740],"Action":[741,1048,1057,1079],"Programmes'":[742],"driven":[744],"changes":[746],"landscape":[751],"well":[753,844],"own":[758],"priorities,":[760],"evolved":[762],"considerably":[763],"past":[766],"four":[767],"decades.9":[768],"Among":[769],"prioritised":[773],"action,":[780],"change":[785,824,1111],"undoubtedly":[787],"taken":[788],"lion's":[790],"share,":[791],"anticipated":[795],"prominent":[798],"attention":[799],"receives":[801],"TFEU.":[805],"10":[806],"battle":[821],"since":[825],"both":[829],"attempting":[831],"influence":[833],"strengthen":[835],"multilateral":[837],"change,":[842],"seeking":[847],"'lead":[849],"example'":[851],"legislation":[857],"-albeit,":[858],"mixed":[860],"results.11H":[861],"Walker":[862],"K":[864,1120],"Biedenkopf,":[865],"'The":[866],"Historical":[867],"Evolution":[868],"Climate":[871,887,1103],"Leadership":[872],"Four":[874],"Scenarios":[875],"Future'":[878],"S":[880],"Minas":[881],"V":[883],"Ntousas":[884],"(eds)":[885],"Diplomacy:":[888],"Politics,":[889],"Law":[890],"Negotiations":[892],"Routledge,":[894],"2018)":[895],"33,":[896],"34[T]he":[897],"strengthened":[899],"performance":[902],"venturing":[904],"multiple":[906],"types":[908],"fortifying":[910],"initial":[912],"cognitive":[913],"improved":[916],"exemplary":[917],"entrepreneurial":[919],"leadership.4":[920],"addition,":[922],"subject":[925],"general":[928],"proportionality":[931],"(TFEU":[932],"5(4))":[934],"subsidiarity":[936],"(TEU":[937],"5(3)).5":[939],"more":[942],"detailed":[943],"discussion,":[944],"Morgera":[949,1140],"(n":[950],"2)":[951],"15-16.Note":[952],"191(3)":[956],"lists":[958],"criteria":[962],"'shall":[967],"account'":[970],"making,":[974],"including:":[975],"available":[976],"scientific":[977],"technical":[979],"data;":[980],"conditions":[982],"regions":[985],"EU;":[988],"potential":[989],"benefits":[990],"costs":[992],"lack":[996],"action;":[998],"economic":[1001],"social":[1003],"development":[1004],"whole.6":[1010],"See":[1011,1026],"Arts":[1013],"206-207.7":[1014],"Ibid,":[1015],"192(1).8":[1017],"On":[1018],"point,":[1020],"section":[1023],"II.C":[1024],"below.9":[1025],"e.g.,":[1027],"Decision":[1028,1062],"No":[1029],"1386/2013/EU":[1030],"Parliament":[1034,1069],"Council":[1038,1073],"20":[1040],"November":[1041],"2013":[1042],"General":[1045,1096],"Environment":[1047,1056,1078],"Programme":[1049,1080],"2020":[1051],"[2013]":[1052],"L354/171":[1054],"(Seventh":[1055],"Programme);":[1058],"predecessor":[1061],"(EC)":[1063],"1600/2002":[1064],"22":[1066],"laying":[1074],"Sixth":[1077],"[2002]":[1081],"L242/1.10":[1083],"evident":[1087],"setting":[1090],"up":[1091],"Directorate":[1095],"(DG)":[1097],"Commission":[1101],"(DG":[1102],"Action)":[1104],"2010":[1106],"matters,":[1112],"were":[1114],"previously":[1115],"handled":[1116],"DG":[1118],"Environment.11":[1119],"Kulovesi,":[1121],"'Climate":[1122],"Change":[1123],"Relations:":[1127],"Please":[1128],"Follow":[1129],"My":[1130],"Example":[1131],"(or":[1132],"I":[1133],"Might":[1134],"Force":[1135],"You":[1136],"To)'":[1137],"(ed)":[1141]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}