{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7038501889","doi":null,"title":"Hate Speech and Political Polarization : A Quantitative Analysis of the Interplay Between the Number of Social Groups Targeted by Hate Speech and Political Polarization","display_name":"Hate Speech and Political Polarization : A Quantitative Analysis of the Interplay Between the Number of Social Groups Targeted by Hate Speech and Political Polarization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7038501889"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-551972","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-551972","pdf_url":"https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1942377/FULLTEXT01","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1942377/FULLTEXT01","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Masreliez Hall, Andrea","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Masreliez Hall, Andrea","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.48170000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.48170000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.21619999408721924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11397","display_name":"Populism, Right-Wing Movements","score":0.13979999721050262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hate-speech","display_name":"hate speech","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-polarization","display_name":"political polarization","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-harassment","display_name":"online harassment","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-hate-speech","display_name":"religious hate speech","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-rights","display_name":"women's rights","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liberal-democracy","display_name":"liberal democracy","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-liberties","display_name":"civil liberties","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution-of-political-power","display_name":"political power distribution","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-national-comparison","display_name":"cross-national comparison","score":0.6679999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7608000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.7117000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5568000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775923278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29556","display_name":"Civil liberties","level":3,"score":0.5418000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90508534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660049","display_name":"Political communication","level":3,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.35499998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81307892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q303132","display_name":"Political culture","level":3,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781046721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28108","display_name":"Political system","level":4,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778976716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3240539","display_name":"Harassment","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-551972","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-551972","pdf_url":"https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1942377/FULLTEXT01","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:uu-551972","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-551972","pdf_url":"https://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1942377/FULLTEXT01","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"},{"score":0.7390999794006348,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7038501889.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7038501889.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W418313381","https://openalex.org/W2083439948","https://openalex.org/W2102968466","https://openalex.org/W2124018206","https://openalex.org/W2130008524","https://openalex.org/W2137029365","https://openalex.org/W2137998590","https://openalex.org/W2151969771","https://openalex.org/W2322658273","https://openalex.org/W2782786243","https://openalex.org/W3014684490","https://openalex.org/W3027050591","https://openalex.org/W3094309186","https://openalex.org/W4212765250","https://openalex.org/W4308205549","https://openalex.org/W4366089033","https://openalex.org/W4399858816"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296001809","https://openalex.org/W7038492229","https://openalex.org/W4396673910","https://openalex.org/W4245510169","https://openalex.org/W4387738114","https://openalex.org/W7111824751","https://openalex.org/W4405681246","https://openalex.org/W4313590081","https://openalex.org/W3205056252","https://openalex.org/W7130327178"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Does":[0],"hate":[1,64,103,165],"speech":[2,65,104,166],"in":[3,18,68,75,100,105],"online":[4,30,69,106],"media":[5,31,70,107],"against":[6,71],"multiple":[7,72],"social":[8,110,137],"groups,":[9,111],"such":[10],"as":[11,35,37],"ethnic,":[12],"religious,":[13],"LGBTQ+,":[14],"and":[15,32,66,77,132,167],"women,":[16],"occur":[17],"countries":[19,90,101,151],"where":[20,102],"political":[21,42,81,112,133,148,157],"polarization":[22,43,113,158],"is":[23,48,57,84,114,162],"higher?":[24],"Given":[25],"the":[26,38,78,92,119,176],"constant":[27],"development":[28],"of":[29,41,80,94,143],"hateful":[33],"content,":[34],"well":[36],"high":[39],"levels":[40,142],"among":[44,136],"countries,":[45],"this":[46],"question":[47],"relevant":[49],"to":[50,123],"examine":[51],"further.":[52],"I":[53,117],"hypothesize":[54],"that":[55,99],"there":[56],"a":[58],"positive":[59],"correlation":[60],"between":[61],"states":[62],"experiencing":[63],"harassment":[67],"different":[73],"groups":[74],"society":[76],"level":[79],"polarization.":[82],"This":[83],"tested":[85],"through":[86],"data":[87],"from":[88,91],"179":[89],"year":[93],"2023.":[95],"The":[96],"result":[97],"concluded":[98],"targets":[108],"more":[109,147],"higher.":[115],"Secondly,":[116],"implement":[118],"following":[120],"control":[121],"variables":[122],"check":[124],"for":[125],"spuriousness:":[126],"liberal":[127,144],"democracy":[128,145],"index,":[129],"civil":[130,153],"liberties,":[131],"power":[134,170],"distribution":[135,171],"groups.":[138],"Countries":[139],"with":[140,152,164],"higher":[141],"experience":[146],"polarization,":[149],"while":[150],"liberties":[154],"have":[155,172],"less":[156],"when":[159],"another":[160],"group":[161],"targeted":[163],"harassment.":[168],"Political":[169],"no":[173],"effect":[174],"on":[175],"relationship.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}