{"id":"https://openalex.org/W70250314","doi":null,"title":"Impaired production of Th1 cytokines and increased frequency of Th2 subsets in PBMC from advanced cancer patients.","display_name":"Impaired production of Th1 cytokines and increased frequency of Th2 subsets in PBMC from advanced cancer patients.","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W70250314","mag":"70250314","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9854509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:9854509","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9854509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anticancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113758350","display_name":"M. Sato","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Bioregulation, Kanagawa, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Bioregulation, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112172550","display_name":"Shigemasa Goto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Goto","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049289089","display_name":"Ryuta Kaneko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Kaneko","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080940034","display_name":"Ito M","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-5786","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2578-5786"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Ito","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034696543","display_name":"Sayaka Sato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-0560","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-0560"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Sato","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S Takeuchi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Takeuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6413,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83633713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"5D","first_page":"3951","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.01209999993443489,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11313","display_name":"Immune cells in cancer","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th1-th2-imbalance","display_name":"Th1/Th2 imbalance","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th1-cytokines","display_name":"Th1 cytokines","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/th2-cytokines","display_name":"Th2 cytokines","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-gamma","display_name":"interferon-gamma","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-4","display_name":"IL-4","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cells","display_name":"CD4+ T cells","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells","display_name":"peripheral blood mononuclear cells","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-cancer","display_name":"advanced cancer","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokine-production","display_name":"cytokine production","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-helper-cell-subsets","display_name":"T helper cell subsets","score":0.6620000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137061746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736033","display_name":"Peripheral blood mononuclear cell","level":3,"score":0.8362690210342407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.625220000743866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553184892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141429","display_name":"Flow cytometry","level":2,"score":0.584978461265564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5790466070175171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.5523017644882202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24741149","display_name":"Interferon gamma","level":3,"score":0.4974360764026642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4882507622241974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4570285677909851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17991360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21173843","display_name":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha","level":2,"score":0.44780057668685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96232424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118072","display_name":"Cancer cell","level":3,"score":0.41268986463546753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.40483713150024414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.37624436616897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2790369987487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.11070919036865234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07303154468536377}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007963","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes, Mononuclear","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016176","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocyte Subsets","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018417","descriptor_name":"Th1 Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018418","descriptor_name":"Th2 Cells","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:9854509","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9854509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Anticancer research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:70250314","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9854509","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055625331","https://openalex.org/W2076776272","https://openalex.org/W2387275235","https://openalex.org/W2129962640","https://openalex.org/W2371143174","https://openalex.org/W1678468169","https://openalex.org/W2348441993","https://openalex.org/W2390727667","https://openalex.org/W2368547690","https://openalex.org/W2169239408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"A":[1],"reported":[2],"imbalance":[3,210],"of":[4,16,40,67,81,94,140,155,191,211,222],"Th1":[5,33,41,57,212],"and":[6,14,42,58,96,111,125,133,174,193,213],"Th2":[7,43,59,214],"may":[8,23],"be":[9],"responsible":[10],"for":[11,232],"the":[12,38,65,99,138,150,165,186,202,220,223,230],"occurrence":[13],"progress":[15],"certain":[17],"diseases.":[18],"Patients":[19],"with":[20],"advanced":[21],"cancer":[22,45,146],"have":[24],"impaired":[25],"cell-mediated":[26],"immunity":[27],"caused":[28],"by":[29,84],"a":[30],"switch":[31],"from":[32],"to":[34,55],"Th2.":[35],"We":[36],"investigated":[37],"balance":[39],"in":[44,72,87,98,104,117,145,149,158,164,168,182,201,219,225,229],"patients":[46,106,147,166],"using":[47,60],"two":[48,187],"approaches.":[49],"METHODS:":[50],"Flow":[51],"cytometry":[52],"was":[53,90,101,142,161,179,198,215],"used":[54],"define":[56],"intracellular":[61],"cytokines,":[62],"thereby":[63],"determining":[64],"frequency":[66,221],"these":[68],"helper":[69],"T":[70],"cells":[71,77,157,160,184,195],"CD4+":[73,159],"peripheral":[74],"blood":[75],"mononuclear":[76],"(PBMC).":[78],"The":[79,153,189],"amount":[80],"cytokines":[82],"secreted":[83],"stimulated":[85],"PBMC":[86],"bulk":[88],"culture":[89,100],"determined.":[91],"RESULTS:":[92],"Production":[93],"TNF-alpha":[95],"IFN-gamma":[97],"significantly":[102,162,199],"lower":[103,200],"9":[105],"(1188":[107],"+/-":[108,113,122,127,172,176],"634":[109],"pg/ml":[110,124],"46":[112],"84":[114],"pg/ml)":[115,129],"than":[116,148,167],"10":[118],"healthy":[119,151,169],"subjects":[120,170],"(2491":[121],"1037":[123],"295":[126],"219":[128],"(p":[130],"<":[131,135],"0.002":[132],"p":[134],"0.003),":[136],"while":[137],"production":[139],"IL-4":[141],"slightly":[143],"higher":[144,163],"subjects.":[152],"percentage":[154],"IFN-gamma-IL-4+":[156,194],"(4.3":[171],"2.0%":[173],"2.4":[175],"0.7%);":[177],"there":[178],"no":[180],"difference":[181],"IFN-gamma+IL-4-":[183,192],"between":[185],"groups.":[188],"ratio":[190],"per":[196],"individual":[197],"patients.":[203],"CONCLUSION:":[204],"These":[205],"results":[206],"indicated":[207],"that":[208],"an":[209],"found":[216],"not":[217],"only":[218],"subsets":[224],"PBMC,":[226],"but":[227],"also":[228],"capacity":[231],"cytokine-production.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
