{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7006573006","doi":null,"title":"Why do psychological treatments work? A process analysis comparing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Behavioural Activation in the treatment of depression","display_name":"Why do psychological treatments work? A process analysis comparing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Behavioural Activation in the treatment of depression","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7006573006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29789549","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Why_do_psychological_treatments_work_A_process_analysis_comparing_Cognitive_Behavioural_Therapy_and_Behavioural_Activation_in_the_treatment_of_depression/29789549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Ladwa (21945275)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A Ladwa (21945275)","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10214","display_name":"Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications","score":0.6093999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10214","display_name":"Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications","score":0.6093999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.37400001287460327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13272","display_name":"Psychological Treatments and Assessments","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-behavioral-therapy","display_name":"cognitive behavioral therapy","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-activation","display_name":"behavioral activation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sudden-gains","display_name":"sudden gains","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discontinuous-change","display_name":"discontinuous change","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-processes","display_name":"change processes","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-outcome-predictors","display_name":"treatment outcome predictors","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-avoidance","display_name":"cognitive avoidance","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avoidance-behavior","display_name":"avoidance behavior","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stressful-life-events","display_name":"life events","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-depression","display_name":"student depression","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-practice-data","display_name":"clinical practice data","score":0.49399998784065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6868000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6456999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6276000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5593000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4934000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992103866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147152","display_name":"Cognitive behaviour therapy","level":3,"score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779477915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13693745","display_name":"Cognitive therapy","level":3,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781265626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147152","display_name":"Cognitive behavioral therapy","level":3,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.3538999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6564018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849826","display_name":"Cognitive restructuring","level":3,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148374829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1891605","display_name":"Behavioral activation","level":3,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29789549","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Why_do_psychological_treatments_work_A_process_analysis_comparing_Cognitive_Behavioural_Therapy_and_Behavioural_Activation_in_the_treatment_of_depression/29789549","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ore.exeter.ac.uk:10871/130600","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10871/130600","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401998","display_name":"Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","host_organization_name":"University of Exeter","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis or dissertation"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4205118202","https://openalex.org/W2030694828","https://openalex.org/W163437545","https://openalex.org/W1977862735","https://openalex.org/W2893575741","https://openalex.org/W7098712966","https://openalex.org/W2160757000","https://openalex.org/W1999352499","https://openalex.org/W3191484776","https://openalex.org/W2336082226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Depression":[0],"is":[1],"a":[2,12,184,219,263,268,275],"debilitating":[3],"and":[4,61,99,113,143,172,180,195,208,212,237,239,251,281,287],"recurrent":[5],"mental":[6],"health":[7],"problem.":[8],"Although":[9],"there":[10,54],"are":[11,55,147,254],"number":[13],"of":[14,23,36,57,70,83,101,105,110,127,177,198,232,260,277,284],"effective":[15],"psychological":[16],"treatments":[17,38,76],"for":[18,289],"adult":[19],"depression,":[20],"around":[21],"50%":[22],"individuals":[24],"do":[25],"not":[26],"recover":[27],"(Cuijpers":[28],"et":[29,156],"al.,":[30,157],"2021).":[31],"To":[32,159],"improve":[33],"the":[34,103,169,225,278,285],"effectiveness":[35],"these":[37,62,108],"we":[39],"need":[40],"to":[41,67,72,78,87,92,117,229,242],"understand":[42,74,94],"how":[43,75,114,249],"they":[44,115],"work.":[45],"Previous":[46],"research":[47,91],"has":[48],"identified":[49],"times":[50,63,109],"in":[51,98,132,150,183,203,218,235,267],"treatment":[52,118,175,216,243,261],"when":[53],"patterns":[56,126],"discontinuous":[58,95,128],"depression":[59,79,96,111,133,151,181,233,257],"change":[60,71,106,199],"have":[64],"been":[65],"used":[66,224],"examine":[68,160],"processes":[69,104,197],"further":[73,93],"lead":[77],"change.":[80],"The":[81,271],"aim":[82],"this":[84,90,161],"thesis":[85,121,272],"was":[86],"build":[88],"upon":[89],"changes":[97],"outside":[100,259],"treatment,":[102],"surrounding":[107,200],"variability,":[112],"relate":[116],"outcomes.":[119,244],"This":[120],"primarily":[122],"focused":[123,247],"on":[124,248],"two":[125,191],"change;":[129],"rapid":[130],"improvements":[131],"symptoms,":[134],"known":[135],"as":[136],"\u2018sudden":[137],"gains\u2019":[138],"(Tang":[139],"&":[140],"DeRubeis,":[141],"1999)":[142],"\u2018depression":[144],"spikes\u2019":[145],"which":[146],"transient":[148],"increases":[149],"symptoms":[152],"(Hayes,":[153],"Feldman,":[154],"Beevers,":[155],"2007).":[158],"four":[162,246],"studies":[163],"were":[164],"conducted.":[165],"Study":[166,190,222,245],"one":[167],"investigated":[168],"rates,":[170],"timing,":[171],"association":[173,214],"with":[174,215,256,274],"outcomes":[176,217],"sudden":[178,201],"gains":[179,202],"spikes":[182,234],"large":[185],"scale":[186],"clinical":[187,282],"practice":[188],"dataset.":[189,221],"explored":[192],"client":[193],"cognitive":[194,204,250],"behavioural":[196,205,209,252],"therapy":[206],"(CBT)":[207],"activation":[210],"(BA),":[211],"their":[213,240],"trial":[220,227],"three":[223],"same":[226],"dataset":[228],"explore":[230],"predictors":[231],"CBT":[236],"BA,":[238],"relation":[241],"avoidance":[253],"associated":[255],"variability":[258],"across":[262],"stressful":[264],"life":[265],"period":[266],"student":[269],"sample.":[270],"ends":[273],"discussion":[276],"methodological,":[279],"theoretical,":[280],"implications":[283],"findings":[286],"suggestions":[288],"future":[290],"research.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-11T09:22:31.653822","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}