{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6999999239","doi":null,"title":"The Effects of Group Based Diabetes Self-Management Education Programs on Hemoglobin A1c in Type 2 Diabetic Adults: A Review of Experimental Studies","display_name":"The Effects of Group Based Diabetes Self-Management Education Programs on Hemoglobin A1c in Type 2 Diabetic Adults: A Review of Experimental Studies","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-06-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6999999239"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0t306071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Atachian, Paulina M","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Atachian, Paulina M","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49177156,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10793","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Education","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-self-management-education","display_name":"diabetes self-management education","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-education","display_name":"group education","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hba1c","display_name":"HbA1c","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycemic-control","display_name":"glycemic control","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-knowledge","display_name":"diabetes knowledge","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-fidelity","display_name":"intervention fidelity","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8266000151634216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.6541000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5651000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.45210000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777393523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50008082","display_name":"Hemoglobin A","level":3,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.33009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776217022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100933","display_name":"Diabetes management","level":4,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018376624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100933","display_name":"Diabetes treatment","level":4,"score":0.2700999975204468}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0t306071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:qt0t306071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Atachian, Paulina M. (2017). The Effects of Group Based Diabetes Self-Management Education Programs on Hemoglobin A1c in Type 2 Diabetic Adults: A Review of Experimental Studies. UC Irvine: Sue &amp; Bill Gross School of Nursing. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt0t306071","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0t306071","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W6999999239.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W6999999239.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982587351","https://openalex.org/W1999173569","https://openalex.org/W2033535932","https://openalex.org/W2065702189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982587351","https://openalex.org/W4411708327","https://openalex.org/W7217959884","https://openalex.org/W7127995763","https://openalex.org/W2025306913","https://openalex.org/W4388928917","https://openalex.org/W3115466688","https://openalex.org/W4298395669","https://openalex.org/W4409826348","https://openalex.org/W2064743127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Type":[1],"2":[2],"diabetes":[3,37,47,119,173],"is":[4,167,183],"a":[5,93,103,115,151,168,187],"growing":[6],"problem":[7],"across":[8,124],"the":[9,33,86,128,134,139,144,159,192],"world.":[10],"Diabetes":[11],"leads":[12],"to":[13,26,142,177,185],"increased":[14],"levels":[15,44],"of":[16,35,61,133,138,194],"hemoglobin":[17],"A1c":[18],"(A1C),":[19],"and":[20,45,59,76,83,136,175],"if":[21],"left":[22],"untreated,":[23],"can":[24],"lead":[25],"further":[27],"chronic":[28],"disease.":[29],"This":[30],"review":[31,53,69],"examines":[32],"effectiveness":[34],"group-based":[36],"self-management":[38],"education":[39,174],"(DSME)":[40],"on":[41],"lowering":[42],"A1C":[43,97,179],"increasing":[46],"knowledge.Methods:":[48],"Databases":[49],"used":[50,141],"for":[51,67],"this":[52,68],"include":[54,70],"PubMed,":[55],"CINAHL,":[56],"Google":[57],"Scholar,":[58],"Web":[60],"Science.":[62],"The":[63,110,121],"three":[64,148],"studies":[65,91,126,149],"chosen":[66],"two":[71,111],"randomized":[72],"controlled":[73],"trials":[74],"(RCT's)":[75],"one":[77,100],"quasi-experimental":[78],"study,":[79],"which":[80],"were":[81,127],"peer-reviewed":[82],"published":[84],"in":[85,96,118,171],"past":[87],"5":[88],"years.Results:":[89],"All":[90,147],"demonstrated":[92],"slight":[94],"decrease":[95,105],"levels;":[98],"however,":[99,155],"study":[101,129],"found":[102,123],"significant":[104,116],"between":[106],"pre-and-post":[107],"intervention":[108],"(p<0.0001).":[109],"RCT's":[112],"also":[113],"reported":[114],"increase":[117],"knowledge.Discussion:":[120],"strengths":[122],"all":[125],"design":[130],"used,":[131],"fidelity":[132],"intervention,":[135],"validity":[137],"methods":[140],"measure":[143],"primary":[145],"outcome.":[146],"took":[150],"different":[152],"DSME":[153,166],"approach;":[154],"their":[156],"end-goal":[157],"was":[158],"same":[160],"as":[161],"they":[162],"measured":[163],"similar":[164],"outcomes.Conclusion:":[165],"feasible":[169],"approach":[170],"improving":[172],"attempting":[176],"reduce":[178],"levels.":[180],"Further":[181],"research":[182],"needed":[184],"develop":[186],"standardized":[188],"curriculum":[189],"that":[190],"maximizes":[191],"benefits":[193],"DSME.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}