{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6997526787","doi":null,"title":"What Did I Miss? A Demonstration of the Differences Between ChatGPT-4 and 3.5 that Impact Legal Research and Writing","display_name":"What Did I Miss? A Demonstration of the Differences Between ChatGPT-4 and 3.5 that Impact Legal Research and Writing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6997526787"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.wm.edu:incorporating_chatgpt-1016","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/incorporating_chatgpt/schedule/fullschedule/6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196732","display_name":"The William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository (William & Mary)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","host_organization_name":"William & Mary","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Incorporating ChatGPT in the Legal Research & Writing Classroom","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082480370","display_name":"Laura R. Killinger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Killinger, Laura","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017176251","display_name":"Leslie A. Street","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1845-2286","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1845-2286"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Street, Leslie A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48891485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.8511000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.8511000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12755","display_name":"Legal Education and Practice Innovations","score":0.10480000078678131,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.020899999886751175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt-4","display_name":"ChatGPT-4","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt-3-5","display_name":"ChatGPT-3.5","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-research","display_name":"legal research","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-writing","display_name":"legal writing","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-comparison","display_name":"model comparison","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bar-examination","display_name":"bar examination","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-legal-education","display_name":"artificial intelligence in legal education","score":0.7369999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188721877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103510","display_name":"Bar (unit)","level":2,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780129039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107","display_name":"Section (typography)","level":2,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522695570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6517578","display_name":"Legal research","level":2,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.wm.edu:incorporating_chatgpt-1016","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.wm.edu/incorporating_chatgpt/schedule/fullschedule/6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196732","display_name":"The William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository (William & Mary)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I16285277","host_organization_name":"William & Mary","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16285277"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Incorporating ChatGPT in the Legal Research & Writing Classroom","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377993630","https://openalex.org/W7117467198","https://openalex.org/W4392773006","https://openalex.org/W4386760678","https://openalex.org/W6902270997","https://openalex.org/W4400181900","https://openalex.org/W4389747551","https://openalex.org/W4390594510","https://openalex.org/W4320009668","https://openalex.org/W7042144396"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"news":[1],"sources":[2],"are":[3],"raving":[4],"about":[5],"how":[6],"much":[7],"more":[8],"advanced":[9],"ChatGPT-4":[10,19,72],"is":[11],"than":[12],"3.5.":[13],"You":[14],"may":[15],"have":[16],"heard":[17],"that":[18],"outscored":[20,34],"90%":[21],"of":[22,36,58,65],"test":[23,37],"takers":[24],"on":[25],"the":[26,69],"Uniform":[27],"Bar":[28],"Exam,":[29],"while":[30],"ChatGPT":[31,59],"3.5":[32,60],"only":[33],"10%":[35],"takers.":[38],"But":[39],"what":[40],"does":[41],"this":[42,51],"mean":[43],"for":[44],"teaching":[45],"legal":[46],"research":[47],"and":[48,71],"writing?":[49],"In":[50],"presentation,":[52],"we":[53],"will":[54],"compare":[55],"specific":[56],"examples":[57],"(the":[61,73],"free":[62],"version":[63,75],"many":[64],"us":[66],"tried":[67],"in":[68,77],"spring)":[70],"paid":[74],"released":[76],"March).":[78]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}