{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6996628031","doi":null,"title":"The social meaning of swearing variation","display_name":"The social meaning of swearing variation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6996628031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:471922","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471922/1/MCH_Revised_thesis.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471922/1/MCH_Revised_thesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028181429","display_name":"Matthew Hunt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-7727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6599-7727"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hunt, Matthew","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028181429"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13959","display_name":"Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13959","display_name":"Swearing, Euphemism, Multilingualism","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.02199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swearing","display_name":"swearing","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-variation","display_name":"language variation","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonetic-variation","display_name":"phonetic variation","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphology-linguistics","display_name":"morphology (linguistics)","score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics-and-pragmatics","display_name":"semantics and pragmatics","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphological-variation","display_name":"morphological variation","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-formation","display_name":"word formation","score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence-structure","display_name":"sentence structure","score":0.3630000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociolinguistic-markers","display_name":"sociolinguistic markers","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noticing","display_name":"noticing","score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speaker-perception","display_name":"speaker perception","score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variationist-sociolinguistics","display_name":"variationist sociolinguistics","score":0.7009999752044678}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.8876000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7502999901771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5871000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5734000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5447999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5443000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.4406999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778868352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866081","display_name":"Femininity","level":2,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777293324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337349","display_name":"Honesty","level":2,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28519872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160845","display_name":"Sociolinguistics","level":2,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.3779999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994561563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social category","level":2,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142806620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189970","display_name":"Social status","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61123122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281287","display_name":"Politeness","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780641677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815726","display_name":"Solidarity","level":3,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129484327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177603","display_name":"Social perception","level":3,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779103072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076509","display_name":"Masculinity","level":2,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11693617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181839","display_name":"Pragmatics","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98447023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540351","display_name":"Social identity theory","level":3,"score":0.27379998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779881370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383340","display_name":"Speech community","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168127410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754331","display_name":"Stereotype (UML)","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778120531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q661062","display_name":"Connotation","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987946170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relationship","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776756274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:471922","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471922/1/MCH_Revised_thesis.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/id/eprint/471922/1/MCH_Revised_thesis.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4295257236","https://openalex.org/W413543588","https://openalex.org/W2095020502","https://openalex.org/W278489837","https://openalex.org/W4415930575","https://openalex.org/W7025493216","https://openalex.org/W3088063750","https://openalex.org/W3117040827","https://openalex.org/W2766180235","https://openalex.org/W2524206666"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,143,336],"thesis":[1,144,172],"is":[2,30,127],"about":[3],"linguistic":[4],"variation":[5,149,183,204,225,258],"in":[6,34,184,226,259,265,322],"swearing":[7,29],"and":[8,65,81,114,159,236,248,298],"its":[9,23],"consequences":[10],"for":[11,193,202],"how":[12,311,344,352],"speakers":[13],"are":[14,346,359],"socially":[15,32,347],"evaluated.":[16,360],"Abundant":[17],"research":[18],"has":[19,45,123],"established":[20,126],"that,":[21,339],"beyond":[22],"perception":[24],"as":[25,104,136],"rude":[26],"or":[27,140],"impolite,":[28],"hugely":[31],"meaningful":[33],"a":[35,166,218,275],"variety":[36],"of":[37,60,83,94,148,154,165,196,229,234,244,256,262,356],"ways":[38],"(Stapleton,":[39,56],"2010;":[40],"Beers":[41],"F\u00e4gersten,":[42],"2012).":[43],"Swearing":[44],"been":[46,125],"shown":[47],"to":[48,191,240,295,320,324],"index":[49],"solidarity":[50],"(Daly":[51],"et":[52,73,333],"al.,":[53,74,334],"2004),":[54],"intimacy":[55],"2003),":[57],"differing":[58],"forms":[59],"masculinity":[61],"(De":[62],"Klerk,":[63],"1997)":[64],"femininity":[66],"(S.":[67],"E.":[68],"Hughes,":[69],"1992),":[70],"honesty":[71],"(Feldman":[72],"2017),":[75],"believability":[76],"(Rassin":[77],"&":[78,86,108,119],"Heijden,":[79],"2005)":[80],"lack":[82],"intelligence":[84],"(DeFrank":[85],"Kahlbaugh,":[87],"2019),":[88],"among":[89],"other":[90,353],"traits.":[91],"The":[92],"activation":[93],"these":[95],"social":[96,115,163,230,314,325,357],"meanings":[97,326],"also":[98,130,206],"depends":[99,131],"on":[100,132,162],"language-external":[101],"factors":[102,134],"such":[103,135],"speaker":[105],"gender":[106],"(Howell":[107],"Giuliano,":[109],"2011),":[110],"ethnicity":[111],"(Jacobi,":[112],"2014)":[113],"status":[116],"(T.":[117],"Jay":[118],"Janschewitz,":[120],"2008).":[121],"What":[122],"not":[124],"whether":[128,212,221],"this":[129,307],"language-internal":[133],"pronunciation,":[137],"word":[138],"formation":[139],"sentence":[141],"structure.":[142],"investigates":[145],"the":[146,171,178,215,224,227,232,241,245,254,260,287,330],"effect":[147],"from":[150,316],"three":[151],"different":[152,194],"domains":[153],"language":[155],"-":[156,161],"phonetics,":[157,257],"morphology":[158],"semantics/pragmatics":[160],"evaluation":[164],"speaker.":[167],"To":[168],"do":[169],"so,":[170],"takes":[173],"an":[174,283],"experimental":[175],"approach":[176,201],"using":[177,274],"variationist":[179],"sociolinguistic":[180,246],"framework.":[181],"For":[182],"each":[185],"domain,":[186],"two":[187],"experiments":[188],"were":[189],"used":[190],"test":[192],"levels":[195],"awareness,":[197],"following":[198],"Squires\u2019s":[199],"(2016)":[200],"grammatical":[203],"(see":[205],"Schmidt,":[207],"1990).":[208],"One":[209],"experiment":[210],"tested":[211,220,273],"people":[213,222],"perceived":[214],"variation,":[216],"while":[217],"second":[219],"noticed":[223],"process":[228],"evaluation;":[231],"concepts":[233,243],"perceiving":[235],"noticing":[237],"roughly":[238],"map":[239],"Labovian":[242],"indicator":[247],"marker":[249],"respectively":[250],"(Labov,":[251],"1972).":[252],"At":[253],"level":[255],"realisation":[261],"variable":[263,331],"(ING)":[264,317],"swearwords":[266,321,345,349],"(e.g.,":[267],"fucking":[268],"vs":[269],"fuckin)":[270],"was":[271],"first":[272],"variant":[276,290],"categorization":[277],"task,":[278],"revealing":[279],"that":[280,306],"listeners":[281,312],"have":[282],"implicit":[284],"bias":[285,309],"towards":[286],"velar":[288],"[IN]":[289],"when":[291],"hearing":[292],"swearwords,":[293],"compared":[294],"neutral":[296],"words":[297],"non-words.":[299],"An":[300],"auditory":[301],"matched-guise":[302],"task":[303],"then":[304],"revealed":[305],"same":[308],"affects":[310],"extract":[313],"information":[315],"tokens":[318],"attached":[319],"relation":[323],"typically":[327],"associated":[328],"with":[329],"(Schleef":[332],"2017).":[335],"result":[337],"suggests":[338],"rather":[340],"than":[341],"pronunciation":[342],"affecting":[343],"evaluated,":[348],"can":[350],"affect":[351],"phonetic":[354],"sources":[355],"meaning":[358]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
