{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6991069690","doi":null,"title":"Evaluating Brain Derived Extracellular Vesicles As Diagnostic Biomarkers Of Traumatic Brain Injury","display_name":"Evaluating Brain Derived Extracellular Vesicles As Diagnostic Biomarkers Of Traumatic Brain Injury","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6991069690"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:20.500.14332/32113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/32113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402083","display_name":"ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"published","raw_type":"Dissertation/Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080889102","display_name":"Kryshawna Beard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Beard, Kryshawna A","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080889102"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10773","display_name":"Extracellular vesicles in disease","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10773","display_name":"Extracellular vesicles in disease","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracellular-vesicles","display_name":"extracellular vesicles","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mild-traumatic-brain-injury","display_name":"mild traumatic brain injury","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-biomarkers","display_name":"diagnostic biomarkers","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-biomarkers","display_name":"plasma biomarkers","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glur2","display_name":"GluR2","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glast","display_name":"GLAST","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microrna","display_name":"microRNA","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pig-model","display_name":"porcine model","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-severity","display_name":"injury severity","score":0.375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781017439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995526","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","level":2,"score":0.8079000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992929900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21097485","display_name":"Extracellular vesicles","level":2,"score":0.5692999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5522000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61174792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420510","display_name":"Glutamate receptor","level":3,"score":0.4611000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908689518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21097485","display_name":"Extracellular vesicle","level":5,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.40799999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160268369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295251","display_name":"AMPA receptor","level":4,"score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4023999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777542381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502961","display_name":"Astrocyte","level":3,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017616150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069330","display_name":"Diagnostic biomarker","level":3,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46111723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471857","display_name":"Proteomics","level":3,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.35670000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145059251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310899","display_name":"microRNA","level":3,"score":0.3441999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179786068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16257937","display_name":"Molecular diagnostics","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776925932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755122","display_name":"Neurodegeneration","level":3,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780640218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8277","display_name":"Multiple sclerosis","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777670902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Human brain","level":2,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28406088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Extracellular","level":2,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148762608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3748185","display_name":"Hippocampal formation","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136339569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142297","display_name":"Molecular imaging","level":3,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781458332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q720026","display_name":"Brain damage","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.25360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:20.500.14332/32113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/32113","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402083","display_name":"ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"published","raw_type":"Dissertation/Thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.upenn.edu:edissertations-7237","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/5451","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196331","display_name":"Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","host_organization_name":"University of Pennsylvania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3045226870","https://openalex.org/W2935650867","https://openalex.org/W3177661814","https://openalex.org/W2883133897","https://openalex.org/W3017334426","https://openalex.org/W2801217405","https://openalex.org/W2897805849","https://openalex.org/W4410643229","https://openalex.org/W4392714505","https://openalex.org/W4386153870"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mild":[0],"traumatic":[1],"brain":[2,92,108,275,300],"(TBI)":[3],"injuries":[4],"are":[5,72],"difficult":[6],"to":[7,30,74,86,132,185,283],"diagnose":[8],"with":[9,111,169,294],"standard":[10],"imaging":[11,301],"techniques,":[12],"and":[13,21,34,55,76,148,153,160,179,204,214,220,226,253],"currently":[14,292],"lack":[15],"adequate":[16],"biomarkers":[17,37,52,63,298],"for":[18,59,134],"disease":[19],"diagnosis":[20],"monitoring.":[22],"The":[23,80],"heterogeneity":[24],"of":[25,38,53,67,82,91,100,117,140,171,182,190,216,237,247,263,271],"TBI":[26,39,202,208,291],"etiology":[27],"challenges":[28],"efforts":[29],"discover":[31],"sufficiently":[32],"robust":[33],"accurate":[35],"molecular":[36,112,172,188,218,248],"endophenotypes.":[40],"While":[41],"much":[42],"progress":[43],"in":[44,211,254,259],"this":[45,83,167,245,272],"area":[46],"has":[47],"been":[48],"made":[49],"using":[50,196],"protein-based":[51],"neuronal":[54],"astrocyte":[56],"cell":[57,109],"damage":[58],"grading":[60],"injury":[61],"severity,":[62],"indicating":[64],"the":[65,88,115,187,212,235,238,269],"activation":[66],"specific":[68],"underlying":[69],"pathologic":[70],"processes":[71],"needed":[73],"evaluate":[75],"suggest":[77],"personalized":[78],"interventions.":[79],"work":[81,270],"thesis":[84,273],"aims":[85],"investigate":[87],"diagnostic":[89],"potential":[90],"derived":[93,276],"extracellular":[94],"vesicles":[95],"(EVs),":[96],"a":[97,260],"diverse":[98],"class":[99],"lipid":[101],"enclosed":[102],"nanoparticles":[103],"shed":[104],"from":[105,151,163,200],"virtually":[106],"all":[107],"types":[110],"cargo":[113,189,219],"reflecting":[114],"state":[116,236],"their":[118,138],"origin":[119],"cells.":[120],"We":[121,165,194,241],"utilize":[122],"an":[123,289],"emerging":[124],"strategy":[125],"known":[126],"as":[127],"Track":[128],"Etched":[129],"NanoPOre":[130],"(TENPO)":[131],"enrich":[133],"EVs":[135],"based":[136,266],"on":[137,234],"expression":[139,215],"Glutamate":[141],"Ionotropic":[142],"AMPA":[143],"Receptor":[144],"Subunit":[145],"2":[146],"(GluR2)":[147],"predominantly":[149,161],"originating":[150,162],"neurons,":[152],"those":[154],"expressing":[155],"GLutamate":[156],"ASpartate":[157],"Transporter":[158],"(GLAST)":[159],"astrocytes.":[164],"combine":[166],"technology":[168],"tools":[170],"biology":[173],"\u2013":[174,184],"namely":[175],"ultrasensitive":[176],"protein":[177,297],"detection":[178],"next-generation":[180],"sequencing":[181],"microRNA":[183],"analyze":[186],"these":[191],"EV":[192,217,224,251,277],"populations.":[193],"demonstrate":[195],"plasma":[197,227,255],"samples":[198],"obtained":[199],"mild":[201],"patients":[203],"healthy":[205],"volunteers":[206],"that":[207,222,244],"elicits":[209],"alterations":[210],"distribution":[213],"illustrate":[221],"different":[223],"populations":[225,252,278],"possess":[228],"independent,":[229],"yet":[230],"potentially":[231],"complimentary":[232],"information":[233,249,287],"injured":[239],"brain.":[240],"also":[242],"show":[243],"independence":[246],"across":[250],"persists":[256],"over":[257],"time":[258],"swine":[261],"model":[262],"rotational":[264],"acceleration":[265],"TBI.":[267],"Together,":[268],"suggests":[274],"may":[279],"be":[280],"well":[281],"suited":[282],"provide":[284],"therapeutically":[285],"meaningful":[286],"about":[288],"individual\u2019s":[290],"inaccessible":[293],"traditionally":[295],"studied":[296],"or":[299],"modalities.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
