{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6982476546","doi":null,"title":"The Influence of Racial Barriers on Maternal Mortality in Black Women in the United States","display_name":"The Influence of Racial Barriers on Maternal Mortality in Black Women in the United States","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6982476546"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.pcom.edu:capstone_projects-1041","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196547","display_name":"Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","host_organization_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PCOM Capstone Projects","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Williams, Mariah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","display_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00m9c2804","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Williams, Mariah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2266,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57463034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11389","display_name":"Maternal and fetal healthcare","score":0.885699987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11389","display_name":"Maternal and fetal healthcare","score":0.885699987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.038100000470876694,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12741","display_name":"Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare","score":0.019600000232458115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-mortality","display_name":"maternal mortality","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-women","display_name":"Black women","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism-in-healthcare","display_name":"racism in healthcare","score":0.5699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-bias","display_name":"racial bias","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-mistrust","display_name":"medical mistrust","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provider-patient-relationship","display_name":"provider-patient relationship","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-access","display_name":"health care access","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-mortality-reduction","display_name":"maternal mortality reduction","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pregnancy-related-mortality","display_name":"pregnancy-related mortality","score":0.7910000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28401147","display_name":"Black women","level":2,"score":0.6168000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908892503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339474","display_name":"Maternal death","level":3,"score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.4697999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778293151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5036367","display_name":"Capstone","level":2,"score":0.4372999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2250968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1512929","display_name":"Health equity","level":3,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.40459999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983493262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6786626","display_name":"Maternal health","level":4,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.3653999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992596102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339474","display_name":"Maternal mortality rate","level":4,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.3237000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143095724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q515895","display_name":"Odds","level":3,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.30469998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112299071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835884","display_name":"Infant mortality","level":3,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018031340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6786626","display_name":"Maternal morbidity","level":3,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56273599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3122841","display_name":"White (mutation)","level":3,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776283161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174876","display_name":"Breastfeeding","level":2,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.28200000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52858474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008718","display_name":"Obstetric transition","level":5,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987028688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49085","display_name":"African american","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.pcom.edu:capstone_projects-1041","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196547","display_name":"Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","host_organization_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PCOM Capstone Projects","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.pcom.edu:capstone_projects-1041","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/capstone_projects/36","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196547","display_name":"Digital Commons - PCOM (Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I106460735","host_organization_name":"Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106460735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PCOM Capstone Projects","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":1.0,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W6982476546.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W6982476546.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059931908","https://openalex.org/W2970670314","https://openalex.org/W3042805896","https://openalex.org/W3120204968","https://openalex.org/W3121036364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6943938548","https://openalex.org/W4387694263","https://openalex.org/W7034307421","https://openalex.org/W2914390025","https://openalex.org/W3007602220","https://openalex.org/W4414060776","https://openalex.org/W7221404694","https://openalex.org/W4388625633","https://openalex.org/W3091246801","https://openalex.org/W7204553957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,27,33,38,55,62,76,79,95,132,145,163,179,211],"United":[2,63],"States,":[3,64],"Black":[4,42,207],"women":[5],"are":[6],"3-4x":[7],"more":[8,47],"likely":[9],"to":[10,17,58,94,129,156,159,161,174,197],"die":[11],"a":[12,109,166,176],"pregnancy":[13],"related":[14],"death":[15],"compared":[16],"that":[18,126,140,190],"of":[19,75,112,134,144,168,213],"white":[20],"women.":[21],"The":[22,170],"maternal":[23,59,100,135,185],"mortality":[24,60,101,186],"rate":[25],"in":[26,61,68,99,131,178],"U.S.":[28],"has":[29],"continually":[30],"been":[31],"on":[32,78],"rise":[34],"for":[35,122],"years,":[36],"and":[37,72,88,116,124,149,184,199],"racial":[39,69,84],"disparities":[40,96,205],"amongst":[41],"mothers":[43],"have":[44],"only":[45],"become":[46],"apparent.":[48],"This":[49],"capstone":[50,215],"paper":[51],"will":[52,107],"be":[53,108],"examining":[54],"factors":[56,93,115],"contributing":[57,92,114],"especially":[65],"those":[66],"based":[67],"inequity,":[70],"inequality,":[71],"biases.":[73],"Much":[74],"research":[77,151],"issue":[80,146],"analyzes":[81],"access,":[82],"racism,":[83],"biases,":[85],"medical":[86],"mistrust,":[87],"provider-patient":[89],"relationships":[90],"as":[91,117,119,153,155],"we":[97,202],"see":[98,175,203],"rates.":[102],"Throughout":[103],"this":[104,214],"paper,":[105],"there":[106,141],"comprehensive":[110],"review":[111],"these":[113,204],"well":[118],"current":[120],"strategies":[121],"prevention,":[123],"interventions":[125],"may":[127],"contribute":[128],"reduction":[130,177],"rates":[133,181],"mortality.":[136],"It":[137],"is":[138,142,173,195,210],"clear":[139],"awareness":[143],"at":[147],"hand":[148],"some":[150],"goes":[152],"far":[154],"recommend":[157],"approaches":[158],"begin":[160],"change":[162],"conversation":[164],"into":[165],"plan":[167],"action.":[169],"ultimate":[171],"goal":[172,212],"different":[180],"among":[182,206],"races":[183],"altogether.":[187],"However,":[188],"before":[189],"can":[191],"truly":[192],"happen":[193],"it":[194],"crucial":[196],"address":[198],"understand":[200],"why":[201],"women,":[208],"which":[209],"paper.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}