{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6979714724","doi":null,"title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy as a transdiagnostic, process-based approach to treatment for mental health concerns: A mechanism of change analysis using a multiple baseline design across participants","display_name":"Acceptance and commitment therapy as a transdiagnostic, process-based approach to treatment for mental health concerns: A mechanism of change analysis using a multiple baseline design across participants","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6979714724"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/106079","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10125/106079","pdf_url":"https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstreams/092aec60-575b-4f5a-a1c9-fda4e40d13d6/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401722","display_name":"ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","host_organization_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstreams/092aec60-575b-4f5a-a1c9-fda4e40d13d6/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026980082","display_name":"Samuel D. Spencer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-4037","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-4037"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Spencer, Samuel David","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026980082"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10708","display_name":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10708","display_name":"Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10214","display_name":"Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceptance-and-commitment-therapy","display_name":"acceptance and commitment therapy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanisms-of-change","display_name":"mechanisms of change","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transdiagnostic-treatment","display_name":"transdiagnostic treatment","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experiential-avoidance","display_name":"experiential avoidance","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-disorders","display_name":"mental illness","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.7450000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7505000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55759595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424533","display_name":"Acceptance and commitment therapy","level":3,"score":0.7135999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150966472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3410145","display_name":"Psychosocial","level":2,"score":0.6812000274658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.6388999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779984560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q774453","display_name":"Experiential avoidance","level":3,"score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.550599992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5408999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.5109000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14262774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4880695","display_name":"Behavior change","level":2,"score":0.46799999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4629000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65499552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421061","display_name":"Experience sampling method","level":2,"score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777048351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495240","display_name":"Transtheoretical model","level":3,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7340896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17165339","display_name":"Theory of change","level":2,"score":0.3257000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123353603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421070","display_name":"Experiential knowledge","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68784500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570691","display_name":"Adaptive behavior","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781195723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199027","display_name":"Goal setting","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020759390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4880694","display_name":"Behaviour change","level":3,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/106079","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10125/106079","pdf_url":"https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstreams/092aec60-575b-4f5a-a1c9-fda4e40d13d6/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401722","display_name":"ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","host_organization_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu:10125/106079","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10125/106079","pdf_url":"https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstreams/092aec60-575b-4f5a-a1c9-fda4e40d13d6/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401722","display_name":"ScholarSpace (University of Hawaii at Manoa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","host_organization_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9907000064849854,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310804","display_name":"University of Hawai'i","ror":"https://ror.org/03tzaeb71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332731","display_name":"University of Hawai'i at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W6979714724.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W6979714724.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":113,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W113797418","https://openalex.org/W1481062347","https://openalex.org/W1570679759","https://openalex.org/W1655017874","https://openalex.org/W1723026158","https://openalex.org/W1749626057","https://openalex.org/W1853962844","https://openalex.org/W1897268783","https://openalex.org/W1966524739","https://openalex.org/W1971440513","https://openalex.org/W1974494493","https://openalex.org/W1974831336","https://openalex.org/W1978624150","https://openalex.org/W1989608621","https://openalex.org/W1993145712","https://openalex.org/W1996727295","https://openalex.org/W2000273503","https://openalex.org/W2004719903","https://openalex.org/W2004801170","https://openalex.org/W2008729960","https://openalex.org/W2012107843","https://openalex.org/W2012721928","https://openalex.org/W2015267354","https://openalex.org/W2016416593","https://openalex.org/W2020817978","https://openalex.org/W2023687307","https://openalex.org/W2027525188","https://openalex.org/W2034276306","https://openalex.org/W2038015193","https://openalex.org/W2043250118","https://openalex.org/W2054166159","https://openalex.org/W2055627857","https://openalex.org/W2056853212","https://openalex.org/W2062737898","https://openalex.org/W2064471675","https://openalex.org/W2067271431","https://openalex.org/W2068529800","https://openalex.org/W2070943823","https://openalex.org/W2071582325","https://openalex.org/W2074463726","https://openalex.org/W2084407811","https://openalex.org/W2090131562","https://openalex.org/W2092186644","https://openalex.org/W2093513636","https://openalex.org/W2098176425","https://openalex.org/W2099759539","https://openalex.org/W2101609467","https://openalex.org/W2107213488","https://openalex.org/W2109705747","https://openalex.org/W2118826874","https://openalex.org/W2120540917","https://openalex.org/W2123074705","https://openalex.org/W2124990439","https://openalex.org/W2133304638","https://openalex.org/W2133963272","https://openalex.org/W2135385687","https://openalex.org/W2138319944","https://openalex.org/W2149313460","https://openalex.org/W2155437772","https://openalex.org/W2163215199","https://openalex.org/W2194064755","https://openalex.org/W2261713473","https://openalex.org/W2266661308","https://openalex.org/W2460182809","https://openalex.org/W2511511558","https://openalex.org/W2527609546","https://openalex.org/W2528200426","https://openalex.org/W2537247270","https://openalex.org/W2551342669","https://openalex.org/W2594855606","https://openalex.org/W2614749461","https://openalex.org/W2725508837","https://openalex.org/W2738312424","https://openalex.org/W2766522475","https://openalex.org/W2773726752","https://openalex.org/W2782760805","https://openalex.org/W2801500383","https://openalex.org/W2883813341","https://openalex.org/W2890952064","https://openalex.org/W2893135637","https://openalex.org/W2895645150","https://openalex.org/W2902271959","https://openalex.org/W2917461420","https://openalex.org/W2917473795","https://openalex.org/W2918744996","https://openalex.org/W2922020216","https://openalex.org/W2922500481","https://openalex.org/W2955000161","https://openalex.org/W2965579526","https://openalex.org/W2970929281","https://openalex.org/W2986368852","https://openalex.org/W2989980616","https://openalex.org/W2990207136","https://openalex.org/W2999316035","https://openalex.org/W3000381339","https://openalex.org/W3000549208","https://openalex.org/W3011510587","https://openalex.org/W3017027252","https://openalex.org/W3017567603","https://openalex.org/W3087179332","https://openalex.org/W3090239575","https://openalex.org/W3091035502","https://openalex.org/W3091863645","https://openalex.org/W3136014275","https://openalex.org/W3198394148","https://openalex.org/W3210536590","https://openalex.org/W4281725890","https://openalex.org/W4283023773","https://openalex.org/W4283797803","https://openalex.org/W4285185297","https://openalex.org/W4285797425","https://openalex.org/W4290048796","https://openalex.org/W4307374051"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2999316035","https://openalex.org/W4412055089","https://openalex.org/W3146578246","https://openalex.org/W4415329635","https://openalex.org/W3204023686","https://openalex.org/W2583699231","https://openalex.org/W2903988191","https://openalex.org/W7052925144","https://openalex.org/W2015430903","https://openalex.org/W2907892676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"much":[1],"research":[2,239],"exists":[3],"concerning":[4],"outcomes":[5,165,271],"of":[6,19,55,79,103,123,132,146,161,175,200,212,215,235,246,266],"evidence-based":[7,25],"psychosocial":[8],"interventions,":[9],"relatively":[10],"less":[11],"is":[12,28,38],"known":[13],"about":[14],"the":[15,46,97,101,130,150,155,198,201,244,262],"processes,":[16],"or":[17],"mechanisms,":[18],"change":[20,56,124,176,216,247,267],"underlying":[21],"these":[22,226],"interventions.":[23],"One":[24],"intervention":[26],"that":[27,57],"commensurate":[29],"with":[30,109,143,183,231],"a":[31,68,91],"process-based,":[32],"transdiagnostic":[33,255],"approach":[34],"to":[35,66,242],"treatment":[36],"development":[37],"acceptance":[39],"and":[40,48,62,86,118,153,171,173,180,185,189,269],"commitment":[41],"therapy":[42],"(ACT).":[43],"ACT":[44,106,158,202,233,253],"targets":[45],"functionally":[47],"contextually":[49],"defined,":[50],"systematically":[51],"manipulable":[52],"behavioral":[53,71,169,270],"processes":[54,81,122,245],"underlie":[58],"topographically":[59],"diverse":[60],"symptomology,":[61],"it":[63],"does":[64],"so":[65],"promote":[67],"client\u2019s":[69],"adaptive":[70],"functioning":[72],"in":[73,107,149,217],"important":[74],"life":[75],"domains.":[76],"Key":[77],"exemplars":[78],"such":[80],"are":[82,228],"engaged":[83],"living":[84],"(EL)":[85],"experiential":[87],"avoidance":[88],"(EA).":[89],"Using":[90],"multiple":[92],"baseline":[93],"design":[94],"across":[95],"participants,":[96],"current":[98],"study":[99,152],"investigated":[100],"effects":[102],"individually":[104],"delivered":[105],"adults":[108],"varied":[110],"mental":[111,139,256],"health":[112,140,257],"concerns,":[113,258],"while":[114],"simultaneously":[115],"examining":[116],"EL":[117,179],"EA":[119,147],"as":[120,259,261],"potential":[121],"on":[125],"an":[126,232],"ongoing":[127],"basis":[128],"throughout":[129],"course":[131],"ACT.":[133],"Three":[134],"university":[135],"students":[136],"who":[137],"endorsed":[138],"concerns":[141],"associated":[142],"elevated":[144],"levels":[145],"participated":[148],"present":[151],"received":[154],"proposed":[156],"10-week":[157],"intervention.":[159,203],"Results":[160],"daily":[162],"measured":[163],"primary":[164],"(i.e.,":[166,178],"clinically":[167],"relevant":[168],"excesses":[170],"deficits)":[172],"process":[174,218,265],"variables":[177,221,268],"EA),":[181],"along":[182],"weekly":[184],"pre-,":[186],"mid-,":[187],"post-treatment,":[188],"3-month":[190],"follow-up":[191],"self-report":[192],"measures,":[193],"provided":[194],"equivocal":[195],"support":[196],"for":[197,254],"efficacy":[199],"Similarly,":[204],"cross-lagged":[205],"correlation":[206],"analyses":[207],"did":[208],"not":[209],"reveal":[210],"evidence":[211],"temporal":[213,250],"precedence":[214],"over":[219],"outcome":[220],"(or":[222],"vice":[223],"versa),":[224],"although":[225],"findings":[227],"still":[229],"consistent":[230],"theory":[234],"behavior":[236],"change.":[237],"Further":[238],"should":[240],"continue":[241],"examine":[243],"(and":[248],"their":[249],"sequencing)":[251],"within":[252],"well":[260],"relationship":[263],"between":[264],"more":[272],"generally.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}