{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6929318177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","title":"KBest: Efficient Vector Search on Kunpeng CPU","display_name":"KBest: Efficient Vector Search on Kunpeng CPU","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6929318177","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032934593","display_name":"Kaihao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3176-7816","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3176-7816"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ma, Kaihao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wang, Meiling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Meiling","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022529438","display_name":"Oleg Senkevich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-1625","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-1625"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oleg, Senkevich","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Li, Zijian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Zijian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144107020","display_name":"Daihao Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5737-8792","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5737-8792"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xue, Daihao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071846174","display_name":"Dmitriy Sergeevich Malyshev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7529-8233","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7529-8233"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malyshev, Dmitriy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144090868","display_name":"Yangming Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3592-019X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3592-019X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lv, Yangming","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034442678","display_name":"Shihai Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0658-9843","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0658-9843"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao, Shihai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yan, Xiao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan, Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Alexander, Radionov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander, Radionov","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144163714","display_name":"Weidi Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7842-803X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7842-803X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeng, Weidi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144146542","display_name":"Yuanzhan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7703-2971","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7703-2971"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao, Yuanzhan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144160683","display_name":"Zhiyu Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0866-1886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0866-1886"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zou, Zhiyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yao, Xin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao, Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liu, Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wu, Junhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Junhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liu, Yiding","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Yiding","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144156649","display_name":"Yaoyao Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8790-6927","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8790-6927"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu, Yaoyao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144114979","display_name":"Gongyi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5925-5144","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5925-5144"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Gongyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhang, Gong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103158278","display_name":"Fei Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-552X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-552X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi, Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101975013","display_name":"Yingfan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3743-5249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3743-5249"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Yingfan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.5893999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.5893999934196472,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.09160000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.08420000225305557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-search","display_name":"vector search","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nearest-neighbor-search","display_name":"nearest neighbor search","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arm-architecture","display_name":"ARM architecture","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simd-acceleration","display_name":"SIMD acceleration","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vector-quantization","display_name":"vector quantization","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-prefetching","display_name":"data prefetching","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-termination","display_name":"early termination","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/query-throughput","display_name":"query throughput","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-aware-optimization","display_name":"hardware-aware optimization","score":0.6489999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7627000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170723468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182933","display_name":"x86","level":3,"score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.5424000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.43790000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.41589999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137318105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36255","display_name":"Direction vector","level":2,"score":0.3659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3458999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161824985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919509","display_name":"Vector processor","level":2,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49154492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5300","display_name":"Central processing unit","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92087593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427389","display_name":"Vector (molecular biology)","level":4,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989134064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288510","display_name":"Execution time","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.03016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.47769832611083984}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vector":[0],"search,":[1,24],"which":[2,110],"returns":[3],"the":[4,39,74,95,145],"vectors":[5],"most":[6],"similar":[7],"to":[8,34,37],"a":[9,14,43,89,171],"given":[10,44],"query":[11,45,146],"vector":[12,16,31,49,90,124,133],"from":[13,155],"large":[15],"dataset,":[17],"underlies":[18],"many":[19],"important":[20],"applications":[21,154],"such":[22],"as":[23,88],"recommendation,":[25],"and":[26,54,64,77,107,123,140,160],"LLMs.":[27],"To":[28,100],"be":[29,35,101],"economic,":[30],"search":[32,50,91,134],"needs":[33],"efficient":[36],"reduce":[38],"resources":[40],"required":[41],"by":[42,148],"workload.":[46],"However,":[47],"existing":[48],"libraries":[51,135],"(e.g.,":[52],"Faiss":[53],"DiskANN)":[55],"are":[56,71],"optimized":[57],"for":[58,94],"x86":[59,138],"CPU":[60],"architectures":[61],"(i.e.,":[62],"Intel":[63],"AMD":[65],"CPUs)":[66],"while":[67],"Huawei":[68],"Kunpeng":[69,97],"CPUs":[70],"based":[72],"on":[73,137,170],"ARM":[75],"architecture":[76],"competitive":[78],"in":[79],"compute":[80],"power.":[81],"In":[82],"this":[83],"paper,":[84],"we":[85],"present":[86],"KBest":[87,103,130,152],"library":[92],"tailored":[93],"latest":[96],"920":[98],"CPUs.":[99],"efficient,":[102],"incorporates":[104],"extensive":[105],"hardware-aware":[106],"algorithmic":[108],"optimizations,":[109],"include":[111],"single-instruction-multiple-data":[112],"(SIMD)":[113],"accelerated":[114],"distance":[115],"computation,":[116],"data":[117],"prefetch,":[118],"index":[119],"refinement,":[120],"early":[121],"termination,":[122],"quantization.":[125],"Experiment":[126],"results":[127],"show":[128],"that":[129],"outperforms":[131],"SOTA":[132],"running":[136],"CPUs,":[139],"our":[141,157],"optimizations":[142],"can":[143],"improve":[144],"throughput":[147],"over":[149],"2x.":[150],"Currently,":[151],"serves":[153],"both":[156],"internal":[158],"business":[159],"external":[161],"enterprise":[162],"clients":[163],"with":[164],"tens":[165],"of":[166,168],"millions":[167],"queries":[169],"daily":[172],"basis.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}