{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6889824202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33480/techno.v22i1.6367","title":"PREDICTION OF HAJJ PILGRIMS' HEALTH RISK USING K-NN, DECISION TREE, CROSS VALIDATION, AND SMOTE","display_name":"PREDICTION OF HAJJ PILGRIMS' HEALTH RISK USING K-NN, DECISION TREE, CROSS VALIDATION, AND SMOTE","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6889824202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33480/techno.v22i1.6367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33480/techno.v22i1.6367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Techno Nusa Mandiri: Journal of Computing and Information Technology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 35-43 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Widi Astuti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Widi Astuti","raw_affiliation_strings":["085866669076"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"085866669076","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011946744","display_name":"Fajar Sarasati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-8189","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4384-8189"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405257939","display_name":"Universitas Nusa Mandiri","ror":"https://ror.org/05v8m3s60","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405257939"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fajar Sarasati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Nusa Mandiri"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Nusa Mandiri","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405257939"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.40280882,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13373","display_name":"Data Mining and Machine Learning Applications","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hajj-pilgrims","display_name":"Hajj pilgrims","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-risk-estimation","display_name":"health risk prediction","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smote","display_name":"SMOTE","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-imbalance","display_name":"class imbalance","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logistic-regression","display_name":"logistic regression","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"decision tree","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-validation","display_name":"cross-validation","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-resource-allocation","display_name":"healthcare resource allocation","score":0.6859999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781009399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234915","display_name":"Hajj","level":3,"score":0.9168999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.656499981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5181000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.47429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5481197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16766476","display_name":"Decision tree learning","level":3,"score":0.39570000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.3357999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.32580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.3156999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110083411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1744628","display_name":"Statistical classification","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33480/techno.v22i1.6367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Techno Nusa Mandiri: Journal of Computing and Information Technology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 35-43 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33480/techno.v22i1.6367","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2f1b76dc5d874807b0c0fe2948dc2146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Techno Nusa Mandiri: Journal of Computing and Information Technology, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 35-43 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.5,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,89,125],"background":[1],"of":[2,11,61,80,84,122,127],"this":[3],"study":[4],"is":[5,15],"predicting":[6],"the":[7,24,41,77,81,97],"health":[8,59,133],"risk":[9,144],"levels":[10],"hajj":[12,132],"pilgrims,":[13,62],"which":[14],"a":[16,137,153],"significant":[17],"challenge":[18],"in":[19],"improving":[20],"healthcare":[21,159],"services":[22],"during":[23],"pilgrimage.":[25],"This":[26],"research":[27],"contributes":[28],"by":[29,135],"systematically":[30],"evaluating":[31],"several":[32],"machine":[33],"learning":[34],"techniques":[35],"and":[36,72,86,108,146],"applying":[37,102],"SMOTE":[38,115],"to":[39,45,131,156],"balance":[40],"dataset,":[42],"as":[43,67],"opposed":[44],"previous":[46],"studies":[47],"that":[48,92,114,141],"relied":[49],"on":[50],"single-model":[51],"classification":[52],"approaches.":[53],"data":[55],"analyzed":[56],"includes":[57],"5,000":[58],"records":[60],"covering":[63],"various":[64],"attributes":[65],"such":[66],"age,":[68],"gender,":[69],"medical":[70,147],"history,":[71],"disease":[73],"diagnosis,":[74],"sourced":[75],"from":[76],"Siskohat":[78],"database":[79],"Directorate":[82],"General":[83],"Hajj":[85],"Umrah":[87],"Management.":[88],"results":[90,129],"show":[91],"Cross-Validation":[93],"(Logistic":[94],"Regression)":[95],"achieved":[96],"highest":[98],"accuracy":[99],"(87.9%)":[100],"after":[101],"SMOTE,":[103],"outperforming":[104],"Decision":[105],"Tree":[106],"(86.4%)":[107],"K-NN":[109],"(83.1%).":[110],"These":[111],"findings":[112],"highlight":[113],"significantly":[116],"enhances":[117],"recall,":[118],"ensuring":[119],"better":[120],"identification":[121],"high-risk":[123],"patients.":[124],"implications":[126],"these":[128],"contribute":[130],"management":[134],"providing":[136],"robust":[138],"predictive":[139],"framework":[140],"improves":[142],"early":[143],"detection":[145],"resource":[148],"allocation,":[149],"while":[150],"also":[151],"demonstrating":[152],"novel":[154],"approach":[155],"handling":[157],"imbalanced":[158],"datasets.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
