{"id":"https://openalex.org/W68612578","doi":null,"title":"The Medicalization of Menopause: Framing Media Messages in the Twentieth Century","display_name":"The Medicalization of Menopause: Framing Media Messages in the Twentieth Century","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W68612578","mag":"68612578"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:drum.lib.umd.edu:1903/8352","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401518","display_name":"University Libraries (University of Maryland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088262420","display_name":"Marlene Cimons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Marlene Cimons","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088262420"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13332","display_name":"Historical Studies on Reproduction, Gender, Health, and Societal Changes","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13332","display_name":"Historical Studies on Reproduction, Gender, Health, and Societal Changes","score":0.5903000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.07259999960660934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11540","display_name":"Gender, Feminism, and Media","score":0.029999999329447746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/menopause","display_name":"menopause","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicalization","display_name":"medicalization","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newspaper-language","display_name":"newspaper language","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magazine-language","display_name":"magazine language","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hormone-replacement-therapy","display_name":"hormone replacement therapy","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-health","display_name":"women's health","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-authority","display_name":"medical authority","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-washington-post","display_name":"Washington Post","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-new-york-times","display_name":"New York Times","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/los-angeles-times","display_name":"Los Angeles Times","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/good-housekeeping","display_name":"good housekeeping","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ladies-home-journal","display_name":"Ladies' Home Journal","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reader-s-digest","display_name":"Reader's Digest","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-magazine","display_name":"Time magazine","score":0.9100000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93830501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134368","display_name":"Medicalization","level":2,"score":0.9693143367767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.8407621383666992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177708","display_name":"Menopause","level":2,"score":0.6197111010551453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.4668866693973541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3967684805393219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.3464208245277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3345843553543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2698521614074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2581796646118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.10025602579116821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.09528544545173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:drum.lib.umd.edu:1903/8352","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8352","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401518","display_name":"University Libraries (University of Maryland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","host_organization_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation"},{"id":"mag:68612578","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/1903/8352/1/umi-umd-5616.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":123,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21063919","https://openalex.org/W34520390","https://openalex.org/W162576935","https://openalex.org/W357727480","https://openalex.org/W576940358","https://openalex.org/W580034966","https://openalex.org/W603449254","https://openalex.org/W605371824","https://openalex.org/W615440254","https://openalex.org/W617763670","https://openalex.org/W636006053","https://openalex.org/W652085518","https://openalex.org/W656731506","https://openalex.org/W1198203117","https://openalex.org/W1503692835","https://openalex.org/W1505730284","https://openalex.org/W1512059560","https://openalex.org/W1554443427","https://openalex.org/W1558590232","https://openalex.org/W1565899449","https://openalex.org/W1592401919","https://openalex.org/W1739021282","https://openalex.org/W1854193697","https://openalex.org/W1950388294","https://openalex.org/W1964679257","https://openalex.org/W1966145160","https://openalex.org/W1971890231","https://openalex.org/W1972643312","https://openalex.org/W1975716039","https://openalex.org/W1976340024","https://openalex.org/W1976377623","https://openalex.org/W1981787157","https://openalex.org/W1982268345","https://openalex.org/W1983032585","https://openalex.org/W1995295431","https://openalex.org/W2001150352","https://openalex.org/W2001302013","https://openalex.org/W2001442493","https://openalex.org/W2004440732","https://openalex.org/W2006632496","https://openalex.org/W2007598577","https://openalex.org/W2009668865","https://openalex.org/W2010720580","https://openalex.org/W2011503004","https://openalex.org/W2012534005","https://openalex.org/W2012890571","https://openalex.org/W2014664899","https://openalex.org/W2015362556","https://openalex.org/W2020959609","https://openalex.org/W2022647781","https://openalex.org/W2028994474","https://openalex.org/W2033238018","https://openalex.org/W2034491371","https://openalex.org/W2037772726","https://openalex.org/W2045047959","https://openalex.org/W2047186857","https://openalex.org/W2052210190","https://openalex.org/W2052282661","https://openalex.org/W2055193349","https://openalex.org/W2060504206","https://openalex.org/W2060931823","https://openalex.org/W2061179989","https://openalex.org/W2061585235","https://openalex.org/W2061918038","https://openalex.org/W2063690512","https://openalex.org/W2064671008","https://openalex.org/W2065089008","https://openalex.org/W2070274965","https://openalex.org/W2071237107","https://openalex.org/W2072368740","https://openalex.org/W2073084739","https://openalex.org/W2073623134","https://openalex.org/W2077023946","https://openalex.org/W2082608867","https://openalex.org/W2084536065","https://openalex.org/W2089325836","https://openalex.org/W2099377656","https://openalex.org/W2101166362","https://openalex.org/W2134290317","https://openalex.org/W2135765587","https://openalex.org/W2140782377","https://openalex.org/W2143015087","https://openalex.org/W2154669638","https://openalex.org/W2159486739","https://openalex.org/W2164868109","https://openalex.org/W2164975295","https://openalex.org/W2167477996","https://openalex.org/W2169593608","https://openalex.org/W2172948543","https://openalex.org/W2194657392","https://openalex.org/W2297379061","https://openalex.org/W2315412491","https://openalex.org/W2317701863","https://openalex.org/W2322059858","https://openalex.org/W2322448383","https://openalex.org/W2323923429","https://openalex.org/W2328011167","https://openalex.org/W2328661576","https://openalex.org/W2330422467","https://openalex.org/W2335525467","https://openalex.org/W2336953700","https://openalex.org/W2402285652","https://openalex.org/W2414041833","https://openalex.org/W2440785989","https://openalex.org/W2470676421","https://openalex.org/W2475090595","https://openalex.org/W2503799211","https://openalex.org/W2531241748","https://openalex.org/W2607238143","https://openalex.org/W2616555287","https://openalex.org/W2762603006","https://openalex.org/W2766199973","https://openalex.org/W2796607148","https://openalex.org/W2796682436","https://openalex.org/W2798833142","https://openalex.org/W2800335028","https://openalex.org/W2904082680","https://openalex.org/W2965597040","https://openalex.org/W2972649945","https://openalex.org/W3107523190","https://openalex.org/W3109564295","https://openalex.org/W4252343443","https://openalex.org/W4298108272"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2073084739","https://openalex.org/W7096281797","https://openalex.org/W2616555287","https://openalex.org/W7082118085","https://openalex.org/W2061179989","https://openalex.org/W1976340024","https://openalex.org/W7120273361","https://openalex.org/W3037910458","https://openalex.org/W2488532329","https://openalex.org/W1556950007"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Title":[1],"of":[2,25,106,131,142,151,156,195,211,218,274,282,293,310,320],"Document:":[3],"THE":[4,12],"MEDICALIZATION":[5],"OF":[6],"MENOPAUSE:":[7],"FRAMING":[8],"MEDIA":[9],"MESSAGES":[10],"IN":[11],"TWENTIETH":[13],"CENTURY":[14],"Marlene":[15],"Cimons":[16],"Directed":[17],"by:":[18],"Dr.":[19],"Maurine":[20],"Beasley,":[21],"Philip":[22],"Merrill":[23],"College":[24],"Journalism":[26],"This":[27,336],"dissertation":[28],"analyzes":[29],"print":[30,139,224,252,341],"media":[31,77,88,117,140,225,256,342],"language":[32,186,344],"in":[33,204],"three":[34],"newspapers":[35],"(the":[36],"Washington":[37],"Post,":[38],"the":[39,44,62,100,103,115,129,137,154,249,272,291,304,308,317,324,340],"New":[40],"York":[41],"Times":[42],"and":[43,48,59,71,90,97,134,165,170,177,179,197,199,243,254,277,300,350],"Los":[45],"Angeles":[46],"Times)":[47],"five":[49],"magazines":[50],"(McCall's,":[51],"Good":[52],"Housekeeping,":[53],"Ladies":[54],"Home":[55],"Journal,":[56],"Reader's":[57],"Digest":[58],"Time)":[60],"during":[61,297],"twentieth":[63],"century":[64],"to":[65,72,79,99,128,181,208,264,334,345],"determine":[66],"how":[67,339],"menopause":[68,96,108,191,230,349],"was":[69,231,314],"``framed''":[70],"what":[73],"extent":[74],"these":[75,87,311],"news":[76,116,253,305],"contributed":[78,98,180],"its":[80,182],"medicalization.":[81,183],"A":[82],"critical":[83],"reading":[84],"showed":[85],"that":[86,229,244,270,322,326],"reflected":[89],"solidified":[91],"society's":[92],"negative":[93,143,185,222],"notions":[94],"about":[95,145,153,174,290,348],"approach":[101],"by":[102,148,303,316],"medical":[104,275],"profession":[105],"regarding":[107],"as":[109,192,262,284],"a":[110,149,193,205,209,215,232,268,279,329],"hormone":[111,233,294],"deficiency":[112,234],"disease.":[113],"While":[114],"are":[118],"not":[119],"all-powerful,":[120],"they":[121],"do":[122],"contribute":[123],"ideas":[124,144,347],"over":[125],"time,":[126],"contributing":[127],"formation":[130],"societal":[132],"attitudes":[133],"practices.":[135],"Historically,":[136],"heavy":[138],"concentration":[141],"menopause,":[146,176],"followed":[147],"flood":[150],"information":[152],"wonders":[155],"hormones":[157,245,327],"-":[158,167],"first,":[159],"on":[160,163],"aging,":[161,178],"then":[162],"health":[164],"longevity":[166],"both":[168],"mirrored":[169],"amplified":[171],"public":[172],"perceptions":[173],"women,":[175],"The":[184,251],"often":[187],"used":[188,343],"imagery":[189],"describing":[190],"time":[194],"wasting":[196],"non-productivity,":[198],"likened":[200],"this":[201,266,298],"normal":[202],"stage":[203],"woman's":[206],"life":[207],"siege":[210],"bad":[212],"weather,":[213],"or":[214],"cruel":[216],"accident":[217],"nature.":[219],"Along":[220],"with":[221,241],"metaphors,":[223],"messages":[226],"also":[227],"conveyed":[228,323],"disease":[235],"whose":[236],"ravages":[237],"could":[238,246],"be":[239],"erased":[240],"drugs,":[242],"turn":[247],"back":[248],"clock.":[250],"feature":[255],"frequently":[257],"relied":[258],"upon":[259],"male":[260],"physicians":[261],"sources":[263],"bolster":[265],"view,":[267],"practice":[269],"reinforced":[271],"power":[273],"authority":[276],"supported":[278],"patriarchal":[280],"view":[281],"women":[283,333],"patients.":[285],"Important":[286],"studies":[287],"raised":[288],"questions":[289],"risks":[292],"replacement":[295],"therapy":[296],"period,":[299],"were":[301,328],"reported":[302],"media;":[306],"however,":[307],"coverage":[309],"potential":[312],"dangers":[313],"dwarfed":[315],"sheer":[318],"volume":[319],"articles":[321],"message":[325],"good":[330],"thing":[331],"for":[332],"take.":[335],"study":[337],"shows":[338],"communicate":[346],"aging.":[351]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}