{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6816019","doi":null,"title":"Apoptosis is a major pathway responsible for the resolution of type II pneumocytes in acute lung injury.","display_name":"Apoptosis is a major pathway responsible for the resolution of type II pneumocytes in acute lung injury.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6816019","mag":"6816019","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8780388","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1865166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1533265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1865166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1865166","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046129254","display_name":"Ricardo H. Bardales","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1238-8535","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1238-8535"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79620101","display_name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00xcryt71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79620101"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R H Bardales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79620101"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S S Xie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S S Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020577497","display_name":"Robert F. Schaefer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R F Schaefer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108444666","display_name":"S M Hsu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S M Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9847,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":256,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97476743,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"149","issue":"3","first_page":"845","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.5952000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.5952000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10322","display_name":"Respiratory Support and Mechanisms","score":0.25119999051094055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10294","display_name":"Cell death mechanisms and regulation","score":0.05849999934434891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alveolar-type-ii-cells","display_name":"alveolar type II cells","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-lung-injury","display_name":"acute lung injury","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-repair","display_name":"lung repair","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-proliferation","display_name":"cell proliferation","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proliferating-cell-nuclear-antigen","display_name":"proliferating cell nuclear antigen","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-interstitial-pneumonia","display_name":"chronic interstitial pneumonia","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-regeneration","display_name":"lung regeneration","score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-fragmentation","display_name":"DNA fragmentation","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34688535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418732","display_name":"Proliferating cell nuclear antigen","level":3,"score":0.7667503356933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190283241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311","display_name":"Apoptosis","level":2,"score":0.6410529017448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.6164017915725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9418649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275407","display_name":"Diffuse alveolar damage","level":4,"score":0.5952287912368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.5829455852508545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.528235137462616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2565830945968628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.24016723036766052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0937076210975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909621147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873","display_name":"Acute respiratory distress","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000208","descriptor_name":"Acute Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002455","descriptor_name":"Cell Division","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006965","descriptor_name":"Hyperplasia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011014","descriptor_name":"Pneumonia","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011650","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Alveoli","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011650","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Alveoli","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012128","descriptor_name":"Respiratory Distress Syndrome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017209","descriptor_name":"Apoptosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017563","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Interstitial","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017563","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Interstitial","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018809","descriptor_name":"Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1533265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1865166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1865166","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1865166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:8780388","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8780388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of pathology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:6816019","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8780388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1533265","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1865166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W126320974","https://openalex.org/W1495117645","https://openalex.org/W1520835478","https://openalex.org/W1544768460","https://openalex.org/W1912844355","https://openalex.org/W1954428203","https://openalex.org/W1974021907","https://openalex.org/W1975701950","https://openalex.org/W1977448440","https://openalex.org/W2010958696","https://openalex.org/W2044333041","https://openalex.org/W2050464027","https://openalex.org/W2053954735","https://openalex.org/W2058789249","https://openalex.org/W2059804455","https://openalex.org/W2096428903","https://openalex.org/W2101462909","https://openalex.org/W2101698988","https://openalex.org/W2107706859","https://openalex.org/W2116183231","https://openalex.org/W2119872038","https://openalex.org/W2128008494","https://openalex.org/W2138302361","https://openalex.org/W2148219033","https://openalex.org/W2156876763","https://openalex.org/W2160877633","https://openalex.org/W2173242103","https://openalex.org/W2184817776","https://openalex.org/W2337221060","https://openalex.org/W2339182389","https://openalex.org/W2340094078","https://openalex.org/W2408879144","https://openalex.org/W2410168404","https://openalex.org/W2473482318"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087738623","https://openalex.org/W81164926","https://openalex.org/W1540411493","https://openalex.org/W2079955995","https://openalex.org/W2156209993","https://openalex.org/W2182113589","https://openalex.org/W2376621495","https://openalex.org/W2316381700","https://openalex.org/W71034010","https://openalex.org/W1982578566"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Proliferation":[0],"of":[1,16,50,73,79,88,100,112,117,128,190,199,205,214,220,230,256,279],"type":[2,102,149,169,191,221,263],"II":[3,103,150,170,192,222,264],"pneumocytes":[4,104,135,151,171,193,223,265],"has":[5],"been":[6],"linked":[7],"to":[8,47,106,184,247,269],"a":[9,24,270],"repair":[10],"process":[11],"during":[12,195],"the":[13,113,125,140,145,196,211,228,238,251,257,276],"early":[14,197,277],"phase":[15,127,198,213,278],"acute":[17,56,118,129,200,215,280],"lung":[18,51,57,119,130,201,216,281],"injury,":[19,131,217,282],"and":[20,62,176,203,208,244,254,283],"it":[21,42],"persists":[22],"for":[23,30,71,95,181,227],"variable":[25,179,206,243],"period.":[26],"The":[27,233],"mechanisms":[28],"responsible":[29,226],"their":[31],"dissolution":[32],"and/or":[33],"disappearance":[34,229],"are":[35,284],"not":[36],"known,":[37],"but":[38],"we":[39],"speculate":[40],"that":[41,188],"may":[43],"be":[44,248],"partly":[45],"due":[46],"apoptosis.":[48],"Sections":[49],"tissue":[52],"from":[53],"patients":[54],"with":[55,86],"injury":[58,202],"(n":[59,66],"=":[60,67],"7)":[61],"chronic":[63,164,260],"interstitial":[64,165,261],"pneumonia":[65],"14)":[68],"were":[69,84,152],"stained":[70],"detection":[72],"apoptotic":[74,148,239],"cells":[75],"via":[76],"specific":[77,252],"labeling":[78],"nuclear":[80,91],"DNA":[81],"fragmentation.":[82],"Results":[83],"correlated":[85],"those":[87],"proliferating":[89],"cell":[90,96],"antigen":[92],"(PCNA)":[93],"staining":[94,180],"proliferation.":[97],"Marked":[98],"apoptosis":[99,219],"CD68-negative":[101],"(30":[105],"80%)":[107],"was":[108,136,157],"detected":[109],"in":[110,134,144,160,275],"four":[111],"seven":[114],"(57%)":[115],"cases":[116,143],"injury.":[120,258],"In":[121,139,163,210,259],"these":[122,161,231],"cases,":[123],"representing":[124],"resolution":[126,212],"PCNA":[132,155,182],"positivity":[133],"extremely":[137],"rare.":[138],"3":[141],"other":[142],"acute/proliferative":[146],"phase,":[147],"rare":[153,168],"whereas":[154],"expression":[156],"quite":[158],"evident":[159],"cells.":[162,232],"pneumonia,":[166,262],"only":[167],"(<":[172],"5%)":[173],"exhibited":[174],"apoptosis,":[175],"they":[177],"showed":[178],"(up":[183],"70%).":[185],"We":[186],"conclude":[187],"proliferation":[189],"occurs":[194,241],"is":[204,224,242,245],"extent":[207,255],"duration.":[209],"extensive":[218],"largely":[225],"time":[234],"frame":[235],"within":[236],"which":[237],"response":[240],"likely":[246],"dependent":[249],"upon":[250],"etiology":[253],"proliferate":[266],"continuously,":[267],"although":[268],"much":[271],"lesser":[272],"degree":[273],"than":[274],"minimally":[285],"apoptotic.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
