{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6801438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","title":"Oxcarbazepine Placebo\u2010Controlled, Dose\u2010Ranging Trial in Refractory Partial Epilepsy","display_name":"Oxcarbazepine Placebo\u2010Controlled, Dose\u2010Ranging Trial in Refractory Partial Epilepsy","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6801438","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","mag":"6801438","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11114219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111822213","display_name":"G\u00e1bor Barcs","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138049","display_name":"Orsz\u00e1gos Pszichi\u00e1triai \u00e9s Neurol\u00f3giai Int\u00e9zet","ror":"https://ror.org/03mk3s709","country_code":"HU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210138049"]}],"countries":["HU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Barcs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Orszagos Pszichiatriai es Neurologiai Intezet, Budapest, Hungary"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Orszagos Pszichiatriai es Neurologiai Intezet, Budapest, Hungary","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"E B Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E B Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061406453","display_name":"Christian Erich Elger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2531-6701","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2531-6701"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C E Elger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053240820","display_name":"Alejandro Scaramelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Scaramelli","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H Stefan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H Stefan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066885282","display_name":"Yvonne Sturm","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y Sturm","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Moore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018533252","display_name":"G\u00e9rard Flesch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G Flesch","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"L Kramer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Kramer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113656190","display_name":"J. D\u2019Souza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J D'Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4360,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4360},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.5534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":225,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98529344,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"1597","last_page":"1607"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12229","display_name":"Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2735","display_name":"Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12267","display_name":"Diet and metabolism studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxcarbazepine","display_name":"oxcarbazepine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractory-partial-epilepsy","display_name":"refractory partial epilepsy","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adjunctive-antiepileptic-therapy","display_name":"adjunctive antiepileptic therapy","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-ranging-study","display_name":"dose-ranging","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trough-concentration","display_name":"trough concentration","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizure-frequency-reduction","display_name":"seizure frequency reduction","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-events","display_name":"adverse events","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-titration","display_name":"dose titration","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondarily-generalized-seizures","display_name":"secondary generalized seizures","score":0.7670000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781176495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176301","display_name":"Oxcarbazepine","level":4,"score":0.8789448738098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776312127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5299247","display_name":"Dose-ranging study","level":5,"score":0.8078338503837585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019985608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140388","display_name":"Partial epilepsy","level":3,"score":0.7401196956634521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142424586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307572","display_name":"Refractory (planetary science)","level":2,"score":0.7197180986404419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6300538182258606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.5892700552940369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777803345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140388","display_name":"partial seizures","level":3,"score":0.5392125844955444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775858608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576618","display_name":"Anticonvulsant","level":3,"score":0.45582494139671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.4390527009963989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.3294332027435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.10772651433944702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991744798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608510","display_name":"Double blind","level":4,"score":0.08158782124519348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779253243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410412","display_name":"Carbamazepine","level":3,"score":0.0683600902557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06109204888343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0501784086227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000078330","descriptor_name":"Oxcarbazepine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000284","descriptor_name":"Administration, Oral","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000927","descriptor_name":"Anticonvulsants","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000927","descriptor_name":"Anticonvulsants","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000927","descriptor_name":"Anticonvulsants","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002220","descriptor_name":"Carbamazepine","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004311","descriptor_name":"Double-Blind Method","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004334","descriptor_name":"Drug Administration Schedule","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004347","descriptor_name":"Drug Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004359","descriptor_name":"Drug Therapy, Combination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004828","descriptor_name":"Epilepsies, Partial","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004828","descriptor_name":"Epilepsies, Partial","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010919","descriptor_name":"Placebos","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2000.01597.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1499-1654.2000.001597.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1499-1654.2000.001597.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1499-1654.2000.001597.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S203153751","display_name":"Epilepsia","issn_l":"0013-9580","issn":["0013-9580","1528-1157","1528-1167"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11114219","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11114219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Epilepsia","raw_type":"Clinical Trial"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/randomized-controlled-trial","display_name":"Randomized Controlled Trial"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2464877492","https://openalex.org/W1986901191","https://openalex.org/W2080109885","https://openalex.org/W2034968440","https://openalex.org/W1761397256","https://openalex.org/W2390998194","https://openalex.org/W2011392862","https://openalex.org/W2012369961","https://openalex.org/W2157944766","https://openalex.org/W4231226828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"The":[1,75,92,199,241],"goal":[2],"of":[3,13,181,236,255],"the":[4,9,35,125,172,207,231],"study":[5],"was":[6,79,98,230,249],"to":[7,33,89,206,246],"evaluate":[8],"safety":[10,45],"and":[11,22,32,43,46,135,179,209,216,243,268],"efficacy":[12,77],"a":[14,271],"broad":[15],"oxcarbazepine":[16],"(OXC)":[17],"dosage":[18],"range":[19],"(600,":[20],"1200,":[21,108,127,185],"2400":[23,110,129,187],"mg/d)":[24],"as":[25,218],"adjunctive":[26,219],"therapy":[27,220],"for":[28,104,149],"uncontrolled":[29,66,224],"partial":[30,67,225],"seizures":[31,68],"determine":[34],"relationship":[36],"between":[37],"trough":[38],"plasma":[39,156],"10-monohydroxy":[40,157],"derivative":[41,158],"concentrations":[42,159],"OXC":[44,112,131,189,213,227,237,274],"efficacy.":[47],"METHODS:":[48],"This":[49],"multinational,":[50],"multicenter,":[51],"randomized,":[52],"28-week,":[53],"double-blind,":[54],"placebo-controlled,":[55],"four-arm,":[56],"parallel-group":[57],"trial":[58],"enrolled":[59],"694":[60],"patients":[61,105,123,182,222],"aged":[62],"15-65":[63],"years":[64],"with":[65,69,147,162,223,239,251],"or":[70,102,109,113,119,128,186,190,195],"without":[71],"secondarily":[72],"generalized":[73],"seizures.":[74,226],"primary":[76],"variable":[78],"percentage":[80],"change":[81],"in":[82,95,124,143,165,221],"seizure":[83,96,144,166],"frequency":[84,97,145,167],"per":[85],"28":[86],"days":[87],"relative":[88],"baseline.":[90],"RESULTS:":[91],"median":[93],"reduction":[94,142],"26%,":[99],"40%,":[100],"50%,":[101],"8%":[103],"receiving":[106,183],"600,":[107,126,184],"mg/d":[111,130,188,229],"placebo,":[114,191],"respectively":[115],"(all":[116,151],"p":[117,152],"<":[118,153],"=":[120,169],"0.0001).":[121,170],"Of":[122],"groups,":[132],"27%,":[133],"42%,":[134],"50%":[136,141],"respectively,":[137,192],"had":[138],"more":[139,196],"than":[140],"compared":[146],"13%":[148],"placebo":[150],"0.001).":[154],"Higher":[155],"were":[160,204],"associated":[161,250],"larger":[163],"decreases":[164],"(p":[168],"During":[171],"double-blind":[173],"treatment":[174],"phase,":[175],"84%,":[176],"90%,":[177],"98%,":[178],"76%":[180],"reported":[193],"one":[194],"adverse":[197,202,256],"events.":[198],"most":[200],"common":[201],"events":[203],"related":[205],"nervous":[208],"digestive":[210],"systems.":[211],"CONCLUSIONS:":[212],"is":[214],"safe":[215],"effective":[217,233],"600":[228],"minimum":[232],"dosage;":[234],"effectiveness":[235],"increased":[238,253],"dose.":[240],"rapid":[242],"fixed":[244],"titration":[245,275],"high":[247],"doses":[248],"an":[252],"risk":[254],"events,":[257],"which":[258],"could":[259],"potentially":[260],"be":[261],"reduced":[262],"by":[263,269],"adjusting":[264],"concomitant":[265],"antiepileptic":[266],"medication":[267],"using":[270],"slower,":[272],"flexible":[273],"schedule.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}