{"id":"https://openalex.org/W67149822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","title":"Constructing Multiple Choice Questions as a Method for Learning","display_name":"Constructing Multiple Choice Questions as a Method for Learning","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W67149822","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","mag":"67149822","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17051275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134891020","display_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore","issn_l":"0304-4602","issn":["0304-4602","2972-4066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317082","host_organization_name":"Academy of Medicine, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Medicine, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017838778","display_name":"Edward Palmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9654-5213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9654-5213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259444","https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Edward Palmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Adelaide, Australia","The Centre for Learning and Professional Development, University of Adelaide, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Centre for Learning and Professional Development, University of Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110323574","display_name":"Peter G. Devitt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","display_name":"The University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259444","https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Devitt","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Adelaide, Australia","Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017838778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.6498,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":59,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94839587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"9","first_page":"604","last_page":"608"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11526","display_name":"Innovative Teaching Methods","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11299","display_name":"Problem and Project Based Learning","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-generated-questions","display_name":"student-generated questions","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-students","display_name":"medical students","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-based-learning","display_name":"case-based learning","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-presentation","display_name":"case presentation","score":0.33399999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176730311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867668","display_name":"Multiple choice","level":3,"score":0.8071889877319336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7434369325637817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.578289806842804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.55678391456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41250866651535034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3502581715583801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1702924370765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.15765276551246643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.09676477313041687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001315","descriptor_name":"Australia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004521","descriptor_name":"Educational Measurement","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004522","descriptor_name":"Educational Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013337","descriptor_name":"Students, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134891020","display_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore","issn_l":"0304-4602","issn":["0304-4602","2972-4066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317082","host_organization_name":"Academy of Medicine, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Medicine, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17051275","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17051275","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digital.library.adelaide.edu.au:2440/22933","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22933","pdf_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2440/22933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401835","display_name":"Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I5681781","host_organization_name":"The University of Adelaide","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5681781"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.annals.edu.sg/PDF/35VolNo9Sep2006/V35N9p604.pdf","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.492.7163","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.492.7163","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://annals.edu.sg/PDF/35VolNo9Sep2006/V35N9p604.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v35n9p604","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134891020","display_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore","issn_l":"0304-4602","issn":["0304-4602","2972-4066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317082","host_organization_name":"Academy of Medicine, Singapore","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Medicine, Singapore"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W67149822.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W67149822.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W160999554","https://openalex.org/W1224914258","https://openalex.org/W1622896514","https://openalex.org/W1759847775","https://openalex.org/W1964889269","https://openalex.org/W1994302908","https://openalex.org/W2049085104","https://openalex.org/W2063989983","https://openalex.org/W2084782717","https://openalex.org/W2086214813","https://openalex.org/W2086603286","https://openalex.org/W2413136403"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994810420","https://openalex.org/W4409511281","https://openalex.org/W4206789305","https://openalex.org/W2080338264","https://openalex.org/W3092557568","https://openalex.org/W2062175830","https://openalex.org/W4415018259","https://openalex.org/W7096187470","https://openalex.org/W2946335394","https://openalex.org/W2888647361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"INTRODUCTION:":[0],"Many":[1],"different":[2],"strategies":[3],"exist":[4],"to":[5,10,23,70,86,127,218,245,249],"try":[6],"and":[7,14,41,62,79,95,97,117,132,149,221,236],"encourage":[8],"students":[9,67,92,107,143,160,220,228],"increase":[11],"their":[12,111,190],"knowledge":[13],"understanding":[15,42,153],"of":[16,27,30,43,59,81,100,114,145,154,184,208,231],"a":[17,36,72,76,119,129,146,211],"subject.":[18],"This":[19],"study":[20,52,74,172],"was":[21,53,84,192],"undertaken":[22],"measure":[24],"the":[25,39,57,82,98,101,142,155,162,170,180,188,237,250],"effect":[26,99],"student-based":[28],"construction":[29,164],"multiple":[31],"choice":[32],"questions":[33,139],"(MCQs)":[34],"as":[35,169,210],"stimulus":[37],"for":[38,239],"learning":[40,115,120,202,212,225],"topics":[44],"in":[45,122,161],"clinical":[46],"surgery.":[47],"MATERIALS":[48],"AND":[49],"METHODS:":[50],"The":[51,137,158],"carried":[54],"out":[55],"at":[56],"University":[58],"Adelaide,":[60],"Australia":[61],"had":[63],"2":[64],"components.":[65],"Fourth-year":[66],"were":[68,93,108,125,144],"required":[69],"provide":[71],"case":[73,130,171],"during":[75],"surgical":[77],"attachment":[78],"half":[80],"group":[83,165],"asked":[85,126],"supplement":[87],"this":[88,247],"with":[89],"MCQs.":[90,135],"These":[91],"pre-":[94],"post-tested":[96],"additional":[102],"intervention":[103],"(MCQ-construction)":[104],"measured.":[105],"Fifth-year":[106],"polled":[109],"on":[110],"preferred":[112],"methods":[113,183],"before":[116],"after":[118,187],"exercise":[121,189,217],"which":[123],"they":[124],"undertake":[128],"presentation":[131],"create":[133],"some":[134],"RESULTS:":[136],"MCQ":[138,163],"designed":[140],"by":[141],"high":[147,233],"standard":[148],"clearly":[150],"displayed":[151],"an":[152,215,223],"topic":[156],"concerned.":[157],"4th-year":[159],"showed":[166],"equivalent":[167],"outcomes":[168],"control":[173],"group.":[174],"Students":[175],"initially":[176],"ranked":[177],"MCQ-construction":[178],"amongst":[179],"least":[181],"stimulating":[182],"learning,":[185],"but":[186],"opinion":[191],"significantly":[193],"more":[194],"favourable,":[195],"although":[196],"still":[197],"much":[198],"less":[199],"than":[200],"traditional":[201],"methodologies":[203],"(tutorials,":[204],"books).":[205],"CONCLUSIONS:":[206],"Construction":[207],"MCQs":[209],"tool":[213],"is":[214,222,242],"unfamiliar":[216],"most":[219],"unpopular":[224],"strategy.":[226],"However,":[227],"are":[229],"capable":[230],"producing":[232],"quality":[234],"questions,":[235],"challenge":[238],"medical":[240],"faculties":[241],"how":[243],"best":[244],"use":[246],"initiative":[248],"students'":[251],"advantage.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}