{"id":"https://openalex.org/W66330724","doi":null,"title":"Pain management - the challenge.","display_name":"Pain management - the challenge.","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W66330724","mag":"66330724","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22826679","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3399329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2405640","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3399329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3399329","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025254824","display_name":"Mack A Thomas","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75420490","display_name":"Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans","ror":"https://ror.org/01qv8fp92","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613","https://openalex.org/I75420490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mack A Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Director of Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation; Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology and Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director of Perioperative Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation; Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology and Surgery, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75420490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025254824"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75420490"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59558824,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"2","first_page":"15","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.9243000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11199","display_name":"Pain Management and Opioid Use","score":0.9243000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10189","display_name":"Anesthesia and Pain Management","score":0.03420000150799751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2703","display_name":"Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.017899999395012856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-management","display_name":"pain management","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-pain","display_name":"chronic pain","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-pain","display_name":"acute pain","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pain-assessment","display_name":"pain assessment","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-treatment","display_name":"multimodal therapy","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-participation","display_name":"patient participation","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opioid-therapy","display_name":"opioid therapy","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-nonmalignant-pain","display_name":"chronic nonmalignant pain","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interventional-pain-procedures","display_name":"interventional pain procedures","score":0.8460000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8611360788345337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781118164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1088113","display_name":"Chronic pain","level":2,"score":0.731488823890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.6541957855224609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776050585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7439360","display_name":"Scrutiny","level":2,"score":0.6449323296546936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5545962452888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.5382362008094788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983098980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621261","display_name":"Pain management","level":2,"score":0.5193851590156555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780172221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1270767","display_name":"Interventional pain management","level":3,"score":0.5032967925071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.46284860372543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.45416954159736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993997175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81938","display_name":"Acute pain","level":2,"score":0.42321568727493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019806175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11974939","display_name":"Health professionals","level":3,"score":0.4113801121711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3930796682834625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.08889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2405640","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3399329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3399329","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3399329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ochsner J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22826679","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22826679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Ochsner journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:66330724","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22826679","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2405640","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3399329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9907000064849854,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W955307564","https://openalex.org/W1510301222","https://openalex.org/W2054602178","https://openalex.org/W2086126371","https://openalex.org/W3133563286"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2602999593","https://openalex.org/W4407262897","https://openalex.org/W2123126472","https://openalex.org/W2146177327","https://openalex.org/W2320866903","https://openalex.org/W2056222313","https://openalex.org/W2176943616","https://openalex.org/W1986998650","https://openalex.org/W182103052","https://openalex.org/W7216792797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chronic":[0,115],"pain":[1,16,32,51,86,99,116,148,191],"is":[2,17,52,87,100,140,154,169,193],"a":[3,91,194],"significant":[4,37],"public":[5],"health":[6,27,198],"problem":[7,65],"in":[8,106,136],"the":[9,13,43,48,55,64,81,109,138,164,174],"United":[10],"States.":[11],"While":[12],"understanding":[14],"that":[15,122],"an":[18,141],"important":[19],"biological":[20],"signal":[21],"has":[22,33],"always":[23,68],"been":[24],"appreciated":[25],"by":[26,183],"care":[28,199],"professionals,":[29],"management":[30,192],"of":[31,50,83,112,152],"now":[34],"come":[35],"under":[36],"scrutiny":[38],"following":[39],"its":[40],"recognition":[41],"as":[42,181],"fifth":[44],"vital":[45],"sign.":[46],"Since":[47],"measurement":[49],"not":[53,67],"objective,":[54],"answers":[56],"to":[57,61,171,178],"questions":[58],"regarding":[59],"how":[60],"best":[62],"manage":[63,146],"are":[66,78,123],"self-evident.":[69],"Multiple":[70],"modalities,":[71],"including":[72],"interventional":[73],"procedures":[74],"and":[75,119,125,130,187],"noninvasive":[76],"techniques,":[77],"available":[79],"for":[80,127,159,166,197],"treatment":[82],"pain.":[84,114,162],"Acute":[85],"usually":[88],"self-limiting":[89],"when":[90],"reversible":[92],"element":[93],"can":[94,144],"be":[95,172],"identified.":[96],"If":[97,163],"acute":[98],"undertreated,":[101],"it":[102],"may":[103],"become":[104],"chronic":[105,160],"nature":[107],"with":[108],"attendant":[110],"problems":[111,121],"prolonged":[113],"creates":[117],"psychological":[118],"social":[120],"difficult":[124],"frustrating":[126],"both":[128],"patient":[129,139],"physician.":[131],"A":[132],"multimodal":[133],"therapeutic":[134],"program":[135],"which":[137],"active":[142],"participant":[143],"satisfactorily":[145],"most":[147],"problems.":[149],"The":[150],"use":[151],"opioids":[153],"considered":[155],"legitimate":[156],"medical":[157],"therapy":[158,168],"nonmalignant":[161],"need":[165],"opioid":[167],"felt":[170],"indicated,":[173],"physician":[175],"should":[176],"adhere":[177],"recommended":[179],"guidelines":[180],"published":[182],"state":[184],"licensing":[185],"boards":[186],"professional":[188],"organizations.":[189],"Successful":[190],"rewarding":[195],"experience":[196],"professionals.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
