{"id":"https://openalex.org/W66257875","doi":null,"title":"Dementia, brain structure, and vascular risk factors in very old blacks and whites","display_name":"Dementia, brain structure, and vascular risk factors in very old blacks and whites","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W66257875","mag":"66257875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:22652","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ge Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ge Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00666341,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14144","display_name":"Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"dementia","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-structure","display_name":"brain structure","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vascular-risk-factors","display_name":"vascular risk factors","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oldest-old","display_name":"oldest old","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-americans","display_name":"African Americans","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white","display_name":"white","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-brain-abnormalities","display_name":"structural brain abnormalities","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia-prevalence","display_name":"dementia prevalence","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-aging","display_name":"cognitive aging","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"neuroimaging","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-dwelling-elderly","display_name":"community-dwelling older adults","score":0.765999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.8104528188705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.6593064069747925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5719617605209351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.5461812615394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5301799774169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777952318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583908","display_name":"Vascular dementia","level":4,"score":0.529126763343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.4369748830795288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.43500804901123047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3145323097705841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.15892845392227173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.10873052477836609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.06361603736877441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:22652","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"mag:66257875","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:d-scholarship.pitt.edu:22652","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","pdf_url":"http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/22652/1/LIUGe_2014_ETD.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402372","display_name":"D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","host_organization_name":"University of Pittsburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W66257875.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W66257875.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514252455","https://openalex.org/W1543588695","https://openalex.org/W1562946553","https://openalex.org/W1666202957","https://openalex.org/W1829197547","https://openalex.org/W1963973361","https://openalex.org/W1968135525","https://openalex.org/W1974302970","https://openalex.org/W1982098412","https://openalex.org/W1988610898","https://openalex.org/W1993692758","https://openalex.org/W1995138617","https://openalex.org/W1997860957","https://openalex.org/W1999631936","https://openalex.org/W2001657480","https://openalex.org/W2004951838","https://openalex.org/W2005980822","https://openalex.org/W2006096283","https://openalex.org/W2011447267","https://openalex.org/W2019624613","https://openalex.org/W2020267609","https://openalex.org/W2025183354","https://openalex.org/W2027853020","https://openalex.org/W2036488650","https://openalex.org/W2038846578","https://openalex.org/W2038880656","https://openalex.org/W2040199251","https://openalex.org/W2048507870","https://openalex.org/W2053674001","https://openalex.org/W2054907499","https://openalex.org/W2056017016","https://openalex.org/W2057241064","https://openalex.org/W2061353398","https://openalex.org/W2070148953","https://openalex.org/W2073566962","https://openalex.org/W2075831510","https://openalex.org/W2078558859","https://openalex.org/W2081873085","https://openalex.org/W2083711255","https://openalex.org/W2087816081","https://openalex.org/W2090819718","https://openalex.org/W2097608504","https://openalex.org/W2099511111","https://openalex.org/W2100091063","https://openalex.org/W2100428051","https://openalex.org/W2101800098","https://openalex.org/W2103440561","https://openalex.org/W2105525405","https://openalex.org/W2118463227","https://openalex.org/W2120259577","https://openalex.org/W2120789698","https://openalex.org/W2122477279","https://openalex.org/W2125374081","https://openalex.org/W2126416892","https://openalex.org/W2126572298","https://openalex.org/W2127951644","https://openalex.org/W2132769692","https://openalex.org/W2134422033","https://openalex.org/W2134522898","https://openalex.org/W2136573752","https://openalex.org/W2138166458","https://openalex.org/W2140174213","https://openalex.org/W2147945386","https://openalex.org/W2149598685","https://openalex.org/W2153022901","https://openalex.org/W2154749730","https://openalex.org/W2156152760","https://openalex.org/W2158742097","https://openalex.org/W2160643135","https://openalex.org/W2160727427","https://openalex.org/W2167330193","https://openalex.org/W2169179511","https://openalex.org/W2171078840","https://openalex.org/W2188679450","https://openalex.org/W2916774960"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4316661644","https://openalex.org/W2917426138","https://openalex.org/W2765092582","https://openalex.org/W2326930752","https://openalex.org/W4400978530","https://openalex.org/W2090014200","https://openalex.org/W4408775205","https://openalex.org/W3215097377","https://openalex.org/W4281693192","https://openalex.org/W6977357710"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dementia":[0],"is":[1,53,74,154,303,311,322],"a":[2,8,144,178],"disease":[3],"of":[4,11,47,58,75,119,127,146,163,199,208,213,233,266,279,283,293],"old":[5,43,52,73,121,129,272],"age,":[6],"and":[7,13,26,32,111,150,170,177,189,202,216,222,238,242,274,298,320],"major":[9],"cause":[10],"disability":[12],"mortality":[14],"in":[15,40,62,68,70,82,91,101,117,131,175,186,254,270,276,307,316,327],"the":[16,41,50,54,59,71,124,255,277,291,294],"elderly.":[17],"African":[18],"American":[19],"or":[20,30,309],"blacks":[21,130,169,273],"have":[22,85,227,248],"higher":[23],"dementia":[24,69,83,267,308],"prevalence":[25,268],"incidence":[27],"than":[28],"Caucasians":[29],"whites,":[31],"such":[33],"racial":[34,66,89,99,165,305,314,325],"disparities":[35,67],"tend":[36],"to":[37,137,180,230,313],"be":[38],"largest":[39],"oldest":[42,51,72,128],"(\u2265":[44,205],"85":[45],"years":[46,207,240],"age).":[48],"Moreover,":[49,123],"fastest":[55],"growing":[56],"segment":[57],"elderly":[60,168],"population":[61],"US.":[63],"Therefore,":[64],"reducing":[65],"high":[76,223],"public":[77],"health":[78],"relevance.":[79],"Racial":[80],"differences":[81,90,100,166,306,315,326],"should":[84],"neurological":[86],"correlates":[87],"on":[88,244],"brain":[92,102,114,148,214,234,328],"structure.":[93],"However,":[94],"among":[95],"previous":[96,132,256],"studies":[97],"examining":[98],"structure,":[103,149],"most":[104],"applied":[105,229],"neuroimaging":[106,225],"methods":[107],"with":[108],"low":[109],"resolution,":[110],"detected":[112],"only":[113,263],"macro-structural":[115],"characteristics":[116],"cohorts":[118],"young":[120],"adults.":[122],"sample":[125],"sizes":[126],"works":[133],"were":[134],"too":[135],"small":[136],"draw":[138],"final":[139],"conclusions.":[140],"In":[141,218],"this":[142,219,321],"dissertation,":[143],"review":[145],"dementia,":[147,284],"vascular":[151,245,317],"risk":[152,246,318],"factors":[153,247],"conducted":[155],"first":[156],"(Section":[157,172],"2),":[158],"followed":[159],"by":[160,324],"an":[161,196,211],"overview":[162],"their":[164],"between":[167,296],"whites":[171,275],"3).":[173],"Gaps":[174],"knowledge":[176],"proposal":[179,193],"address":[181],"these":[182],"gaps":[183],"are":[184],"presented":[185],"Section":[187,190],"4":[188],"5.":[191],"The":[192,300],"involves":[194],"leveraging":[195],"existing":[197],"cohort":[198],"community-dwelling":[200],"black":[201],"white":[203],"adults":[204],"79":[206],"age)":[209],"into":[210],"evaluation":[212],"structure":[215,235],"dementia.":[217,299],"cohort,":[220],"cutting-edge":[221],"resolution":[224],"modalities":[226],"been":[228,249],"obtain":[231],"measures":[232],"at":[236,251],"baseline":[237],"three":[239],"after,":[241],"data":[243],"recorded":[250],"regular":[252],"intervals":[253],"decade.":[257],"This":[258],"dissertation":[259],"work":[260],"will":[261],"not":[262],"provide":[264],"estimates":[265],"rates":[269],"very":[271],"context":[278],"other":[280],"important":[281],"determinants":[282],"but":[285],"also":[286],"offer":[287],"new":[288],"evidence":[289],"for":[290],"pathophysiology":[292],"association":[295],"race":[297],"primary":[301],"hypothesis":[302],"that":[304],"cognition":[310],"related":[312],"factors,":[319],"explained":[323],"structural":[329],"abnormalities.":[330]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
