{"id":"https://openalex.org/W65866628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","title":"Race, Discrimination, and Cardiovascular Disease","display_name":"Race, Discrimination, and Cardiovascular Disease","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W65866628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","mag":"65866628","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24955594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180425","display_name":"The AMA Journal of Ethic","issn_l":"1937-7010","issn":["1937-7010","2376-6980"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Mentor","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5955868","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079409781","display_name":"LaPrincess C. Brewer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6468-9324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6468-9324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330342723","display_name":"Mayo Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/02qp3tb03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"LaPrincess C Brewer","raw_affiliation_strings":["A cardiovascular diseases fellow at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and a former trainee of the Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A cardiovascular diseases fellow at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and a former trainee of the Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084796734","display_name":"Lisa A. Cooper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-6390","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-6390","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2403-8105"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799853436","display_name":"Johns Hopkins Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/037zgn354","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa A Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["James F. Fries Professor of Medicine in the Division of General Internal Medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and director of the Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities in Baltimore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James F. Fries Professor of Medicine in the Division of General Internal Medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and director of the Johns Hopkins Center to Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities in Baltimore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2799853436"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2589,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92324456,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"270","last_page":"274"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10652","display_name":"Racial and Ethnic Identity Research","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10235","display_name":"Health disparities and outcomes","score":0.04910000041127205,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12749","display_name":"Race, Genetics, and Society","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-discrimination","display_name":"racial discrimination","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-discrimination","display_name":"ethnic discrimination","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"cardiovascular disease","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronary-artery-disease","display_name":"coronary artery disease","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-health-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities in health","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"stress","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marginalized-communities","display_name":"marginalized communities","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7861506938934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6930969953536987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.6491073966026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188084074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194294","display_name":"Bioethics","level":2,"score":0.6047338247299194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126086293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237151","display_name":"Medical ethics","level":2,"score":0.45222336053848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3891386389732361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3740227520465851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20365294814109802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.18233934044837952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11411845684051514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09974485635757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.0856388509273529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002318","descriptor_name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011287","descriptor_name":"Prejudice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011287","descriptor_name":"Prejudice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011287","descriptor_name":"Prejudice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044469","descriptor_name":"Racial Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044469","descriptor_name":"Racial Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044469","descriptor_name":"Racial Groups","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054624","descriptor_name":"Health Status Disparities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054624","descriptor_name":"Health Status Disparities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054624","descriptor_name":"Health Status Disparities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/virtualmentor.2014.16.06.stas2-1406","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210180425","display_name":"The AMA Journal of Ethic","issn_l":"1937-7010","issn":["1937-7010","2376-6980"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Mentor","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24955594","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24955594","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The virtual mentor : VM","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmid:25090666","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25090666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The virtual mentor : VM","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4874840","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5955868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:5955868","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5955868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Virtual Mentor","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:4874840","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5955868","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7390999794006348,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6100000143051147,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1827957410","display_name":"Hopkins Center for Eliminate Cardiovascular Health Disparities","funder_award_id":"P50HL105187","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6360108285","display_name":"Patient-Oriented Research in Cardiovascular Disparities","funder_award_id":"K24HL083113","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","funder_display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337338","display_name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/012pb6c26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559030006","https://openalex.org/W1852931339","https://openalex.org/W1980793551","https://openalex.org/W1992785633","https://openalex.org/W1994293871","https://openalex.org/W2001371486","https://openalex.org/W2010025702","https://openalex.org/W2012367989","https://openalex.org/W2018895937","https://openalex.org/W2028597906","https://openalex.org/W2042795505","https://openalex.org/W2050856345","https://openalex.org/W2091588777","https://openalex.org/W2100866716","https://openalex.org/W2119597697","https://openalex.org/W2144050314","https://openalex.org/W2571351475","https://openalex.org/W4210949340"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312774623","https://openalex.org/W2182412280","https://openalex.org/W2018854357","https://openalex.org/W4200213469","https://openalex.org/W2042232595","https://openalex.org/W1964117170","https://openalex.org/W3158788462","https://openalex.org/W2579128848","https://openalex.org/W2288521605","https://openalex.org/W2112039469"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Stressful":[0],"life":[1],"experience":[2],"associated":[3],"with":[4],"racial":[5],"and":[6,16],"ethnic":[7],"discrimination":[8],"can":[9],"have":[10],"detrimental":[11],"effects":[12],"on":[13],"the":[14],"coronary":[15],"cardiovascular":[17],"health":[18],"of":[19],"people":[20],"in":[21],"historically":[22],"marginalized":[23],"groups.":[24]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
