{"id":"https://openalex.org/W656535455","doi":null,"title":"Chinese Policing: History and Reform","display_name":"Chinese Policing: History and Reform","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W656535455","mag":"656535455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.exhibit.xavier.edu:criminal_justice_faculty-1037","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://olc1.ohiolink.edu/record=b27352534~S0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196719","display_name":"Exhibit - A Showcase of Scholarship, Creativity and Preservation Provided by Xavier University Library (Xavier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I194120229","host_organization_name":"Xavier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194120229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028916491","display_name":"Kam C. Wong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kam C. Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5028916491"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4843,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97383426,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-history","display_name":"police history","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-reform","display_name":"police reform","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-education","display_name":"police education","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/police-culture","display_name":"police culture","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-policing","display_name":"community policing","score":0.8619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778061430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188823","display_name":"Scholarship","level":2,"score":0.6765117645263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780262311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256171","display_name":"Community policing","level":2,"score":0.6638062000274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.6126853823661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6106604933738708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55958113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169480","display_name":"Indigenous","level":2,"score":0.5898116230964661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5562773942947388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5314630270004272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5088613033294678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4811731278896332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777256092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465613","display_name":"People's Republic","level":3,"score":0.4301978349685669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.42451566457748413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4122937321662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3416121304035187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.33192625641822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2510967254638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:www.exhibit.xavier.edu:criminal_justice_faculty-1037","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://olc1.ohiolink.edu/record=b27352534~S0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196719","display_name":"Exhibit - A Showcase of Scholarship, Creativity and Preservation Provided by Xavier University Library (Xavier University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I194120229","host_organization_name":"Xavier University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194120229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017561736","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&amp;doc_library=BVB01&amp;local_base=BVB01&amp;doc_number=017561736&amp;sequence=000001&amp;line_number=0001&amp;func_code=DB_RECORDS&amp;service_type=MEDIA","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:656535455","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA90290546","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9200000166893005,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088367625","https://openalex.org/W2461837519","https://openalex.org/W1981738188","https://openalex.org/W4246094427","https://openalex.org/W2899057144","https://openalex.org/W2149442688","https://openalex.org/W2969904589","https://openalex.org/W2377174521","https://openalex.org/W2019416267","https://openalex.org/W2353646800"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"book":[1,61],"documents":[2],"a":[3,56,68,74],"systematic":[4],"investigation":[5],"into":[6],"various":[7],"aspects":[8],"of":[9,15,32,49,80],"policing":[10,34,51],"in":[11],"the":[12,30,60,78,81,85],"People's":[13],"Republic":[14],"China,":[16],"including":[17],"its":[18],"scholarship,":[19],"idea,":[20],"origin,":[21],"history,":[22],"education,":[23],"culture,":[24],"reform,":[25],"and":[26,71,83],"theory.":[27],"It":[28],"approaches":[29],"study":[31],"Chinese":[33],"from":[35,77],"an":[36,46],"indigenous":[37],"perspective,":[38],"informed":[39],"by":[40],"local":[41],"empirical":[42],"data.":[43],"In":[44],"proposing":[45],"innovative":[47],"theory":[48],"community":[50],"entitled":[52],"Police":[53],"Power":[54],"as":[55,67,73],"Social":[57],"Resource":[58],"Theory,":[59],"seeks":[62],"to":[63],"look":[64],"at":[65],"crime":[66],"personal":[69],"problem,":[70],"police":[72],"social":[75],"resource,":[76],"perspective":[79],"people":[82],"not":[84],"state.":[86]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
