{"id":"https://openalex.org/W655525834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-4088","title":"Paramilitarism and the assault on democracy in Haiti","display_name":"Paramilitarism and the assault on democracy in Haiti","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W655525834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-4088","mag":"655525834"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.50-4088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-4088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-4088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"book-review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"07","first_page":"50","last_page":"4088"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13222","display_name":"Caribbean history, culture, and politics","score":0.5214999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13222","display_name":"Caribbean history, culture, and politics","score":0.5214999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.2937000095844269,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11838","display_name":"Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance","score":0.0731000006198883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paramilitarism","display_name":"paramilitarism","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/right-wing-paramilitaries","display_name":"right-wing paramilitaries","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haiti","display_name":"Haiti","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jean-bertrand-aristide","display_name":"Jean-Bertrand Aristide","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-violence","display_name":"political violence","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominican-republic","display_name":"Dominican Republic","score":0.9990000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.6525322794914246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.5179897546768188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4675072133541107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4129132032394409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.27723807096481323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2657797932624817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.08156487345695496}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5860/choice.50-4088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-4088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.50-4088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764375719","display_name":"Choice Reviews Online","issn_l":"0009-4978","issn":["0009-4978","1523-8253","1943-5975"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316146","host_organization_name":"Association of College and Research Libraries","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316146","https://openalex.org/P4310315903"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association of College and Research Libraries","American Library Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Choice Reviews Online","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9595999717712402,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2045923326","https://openalex.org/W3181105131","https://openalex.org/W4414503668","https://openalex.org/W1982224781","https://openalex.org/W7029783874","https://openalex.org/W2260318412","https://openalex.org/W2619986781","https://openalex.org/W3113029211","https://openalex.org/W6958510746","https://openalex.org/W2783996168"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,90,123],"path-breaking":[2],"book,":[3],"Jeb":[4],"Sprague":[5,27,85],"investigates":[6],"the":[7,20,24,30,36,48,59,69,79,109,113,134,183],"dangerous":[8],"world":[9],"of":[10,23,38,73,81,83,118,120,131,147,160,168,185],"right-wing":[11,49],"paramilitarism":[12],"in":[13,18,33,53,104,108,136,172],"Haiti":[14,39,105,161],"and":[15,47,71,92,97,101,112,139,163],"its":[16],"role":[17],"undermining":[19],"democratic":[21,170],"aspirations":[22],"Haitian":[25],"people.":[26],"focuses":[28],"on":[29,126],"period":[31],"beginning":[32],"1990":[34],"with":[35,178],"rise":[37],"s":[40,75],"first":[41],"democratically":[42],"elected":[43],"president,":[44],"Jean-Bertrand":[45],"Aristide,":[46],"movements":[50],"that":[51],"succeeded":[52],"driving":[54],"him":[55],"from":[56],"power.":[57],"Over":[58],"ensuing":[60],"two":[61],"decades,":[62],"paramilitary":[63],"violence":[64,180],"was":[65],"largely":[66],"directed":[67],"against":[68],"poor":[70,173],"supporters":[72],"Aristide":[74],"Lavalas":[76],"movement,":[77],"taking":[78],"lives":[80],"thousands":[82],"Haitians.":[84],"seeks":[86],"to":[87,157],"understand":[88],"how":[89,169],"occurred,":[91],"traces":[93],"connections":[94],"between":[95],"paramilitaries":[96],"their":[98],"elite":[99],"financial":[100],"political":[102],"backers,":[103],"but":[106],"also":[107],"United":[110],"States":[111],"Dominican":[114],"Republic.":[115],"The":[116],"product":[117],"years":[119],"original":[121],"research,":[122],"book":[124],"draws":[125],"over":[127],"fifty":[128],"interviews":[129],"some":[130],"which":[132],"placed":[133],"author":[135],"severe":[137],"danger":[138],"more":[140],"than":[141],"11,000":[142],"documents":[143],"secured":[144],"through":[145],"Freedom":[146],"Information":[148],"Act":[149],"(FOIA)":[150],"requests.":[151],"It":[152],"makes":[153],"a":[154,165],"substantial":[155],"contribution":[156],"our":[158],"understanding":[159],"today,":[162],"is":[164],"vivid":[166],"reminder":[167],"struggles":[171],"countries":[174],"are":[175],"often":[176],"met":[177],"extreme":[179],"organized":[181],"at":[182],"behest":[184],"capital.":[186],"":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}