{"id":"https://openalex.org/W650325638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","title":"Investment in Education and Skill Development","display_name":"Investment in Education and Skill Development","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W650325638","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","mag":"650325638"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124152463","display_name":"The Lahore journal of economics","issn_l":"1811-5438","issn":["1811-5438","1811-5446"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109992435","display_name":"Sartaj Aziz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157153078","display_name":"Beaconhouse National University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e6rv013","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157153078"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sartaj Aziz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vice Chancellor, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vice Chancellor, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157153078"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109992435"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157153078"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14330969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"Special Edition","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.9243000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.9243000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13560","display_name":"Socioeconomic Development in MENA","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13387","display_name":"Politics, Economics, and Education Policy","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-investment","display_name":"education investment","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skill-development","display_name":"skill development","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-development","display_name":"human development","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/development-policy","display_name":"development policy","score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistan","display_name":"Pakistan","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-investment","display_name":"capital investment","score":0.35100001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technological-change","display_name":"technological change","score":0.4230000078678131}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6927779912948608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5725257992744446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.13326144218444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124152463","display_name":"The Lahore journal of economics","issn_l":"1811-5438","issn":["1811-5438","1811-5446"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:lje:journl:v:10:y:2005:i:sp:p:63-71","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://121.52.153.179/JOURNAL/Special%20Edition%2005/Sartaj%20Aziz.pdf","pdf_url":"http://121.52.153.179/JOURNAL/Special%20Edition%2005/Sartaj%20Aziz.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:da169251a0694d01a91c19de2026701b","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/da169251a0694d01a91c19de2026701b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lahore Journal of Economics, Vol 10, Iss Special Edition (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.35536/lje.2005.v10.isp.a4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S124152463","display_name":"The Lahore journal of economics","issn_l":"1811-5438","issn":["1811-5438","1811-5446"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["abdc-c","doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W650325638.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W650325638.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2886001421","https://openalex.org/W7084582017","https://openalex.org/W1953987119","https://openalex.org/W4415795111","https://openalex.org/W4240002263","https://openalex.org/W2105659305","https://openalex.org/W2781504972","https://openalex.org/W2341460532","https://openalex.org/W7220815565","https://openalex.org/W1578905766"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u201cPakistan\u2019s":[0],"investment":[1,51,109],"in":[2,34,52,79],"its":[3],"people":[4],"today":[5],"not":[6,19],"only":[7],"falls":[8],"below":[9],"any":[10],"decent":[11],"concept":[12],"of":[13,26,38,60,83,96,115,122],"national":[14],"governance;":[15],"we":[16,32],"are":[17],"simply":[18],"preparing":[20],"the":[21,27,76,80,84,93,101],"nation":[22],"for":[23,70],"technological":[24],"challenges":[25],"21st":[28],"century.":[29],"Where":[30],"do":[31],"start":[33],"such":[35],"a":[36,56,119],"wasteland":[37],"human":[39,53],"neglect?":[40],"The":[41],"situation":[42],"cannot":[43],"be":[44],"reversed":[45],"overnight.":[46],"It":[47],"would":[48],"require":[49],"considerable":[50],"development":[54,81],"over":[55],"fairly":[57],"long":[58],"period":[59],"time.\u201d":[61],"Dr.":[62],"Mahbubul":[63],"Haq:":[64],"A":[65],"National":[66],"Agenda:":[67],"Critical":[68],"Choices":[69],"Pakistan's":[71],"Future:":[72],"1993":[73],"According":[74],"to":[75,110,117],"traditional":[77],"view":[78],"debate":[82],"1960s,":[85],"land,":[86],"labor":[87],"and":[88,98],"capital":[89,106],"were":[90],"identified":[91],"as":[92],"main":[94],"factors":[95],"production":[97],"within":[99],"these":[100],"focus":[102],"was":[103],"on":[104],"expanding":[105],"by":[107],"increasing":[108],"at":[111,123],"least":[112,124],"15":[113],"percent":[114],"GDP":[116],"achieve":[118],"growth":[120],"rate":[121],"5":[125],"percent.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
