{"id":"https://openalex.org/W645312491","doi":null,"title":"Wittgenstein: A Very Short Introduction","display_name":"Wittgenstein: A Very Short Introduction","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W645312491","mag":"645312491"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:645312491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA54351840","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111708659","display_name":"A. C. Grayling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. C. Grayling","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111708659"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.3830362,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12558","display_name":"Wittgensteinian philosophy and applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12558","display_name":"Wittgensteinian philosophy and applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13558","display_name":"Philosophy, Science, and History","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13940","display_name":"Philosophy and Literary Analysis","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ludwig-wittgenstein","display_name":"Wittgenstein","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-language","display_name":"philosophy of language","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-mind","display_name":"philosophy of mind","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy-of-mathematics","display_name":"philosophy of mathematics","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-language","display_name":"private language","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/picture-theory-of-meaning","display_name":"picture theory of meaning","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-following","display_name":"rule-following","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.3600347340106964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3238752782344818}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:645312491","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA54351840","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202073795","https://openalex.org/W648649696","https://openalex.org/W1526395013","https://openalex.org/W2799221808","https://openalex.org/W604854363","https://openalex.org/W1021933677","https://openalex.org/W2164497731","https://openalex.org/W611101451","https://openalex.org/W3128457166","https://openalex.org/W7113081347"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}