{"id":"https://openalex.org/W64269816","doi":null,"title":"Big data: the management revolution.","display_name":"Big data: the management revolution.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W64269816","mag":"64269816","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23074865"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:23074865","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23074865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Harvard business review","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001239123","display_name":"Andrew P. McAfee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew McAfee","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT, Center for Digital Business, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT, Center for Digital Business, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038255653","display_name":"Erik Brynjolfsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-6990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8031-6990"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Brynjolfsson","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":175.0683,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2317,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99992947,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"90","issue":"10","first_page":"60","last_page":"6, 68, 128"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11891","display_name":"Big Data and Business Intelligence","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14280","display_name":"Big Data Technologies and Applications","score":0.14149999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14222","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Technology","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"big data","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-analytics","display_name":"business analytics","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidence-based-decision-making","display_name":"evidence-based decision making","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-driven-management","display_name":"data-driven management","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unstructured-data","display_name":"unstructured data","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-data","display_name":"real-time data","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integration","display_name":"data integration","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-analytics","display_name":"predictive analytics","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-marketing","display_name":"targeted marketing","score":0.46700000762939453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.8017545938491821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127576917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624630","display_name":"Competitor analysis","level":2,"score":0.7694040536880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.6642864346504211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2767350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6662173","display_name":"Business intelligence","level":2,"score":0.6291226148605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5780046582221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14185376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30232","display_name":"Agile software development","level":2,"score":0.5479233264923096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5322494506835938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5320500135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.5269371271133423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37952496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5001829","display_name":"Business analytics","level":4,"score":0.4484076499938965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3250134289264679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.304995596408844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.29394692182540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.25037094950675964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4216890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815823","display_name":"Business model","level":2,"score":0.19049566984176636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65257409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q734253","display_name":"Electronic business","level":3,"score":0.16894853115081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.148429274559021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003132","descriptor_name":"Commerce","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003659","descriptor_name":"Decision Making, Organizational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015279","descriptor_name":"Organizational Culture","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017598","descriptor_name":"Efficiency, Organizational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019451","descriptor_name":"Information Management","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:23074865","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23074865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Harvard business review","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171954853","https://openalex.org/W4408168479","https://openalex.org/W6992657181","https://openalex.org/W7039443837","https://openalex.org/W7037170804","https://openalex.org/W4200244680","https://openalex.org/W4404191073","https://openalex.org/W2902007430","https://openalex.org/W4245486113","https://openalex.org/W7130685355"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Big":[0],"data,":[1],"the":[2,10,13,76,84,117,138,175],"authors":[3,184],"write,":[4],"is":[5],"far":[6,43],"more":[7,21,102,221],"powerful":[8],"than":[9,23,52,80,104],"analytics":[11,63],"of":[12,67,181],"past.":[14],"Executives":[15],"can":[16,27,35,110,151],"measure":[17],"and":[18,31,49,55,62,70,141,159,178,205,223],"therefore":[19],"manage":[20],"precisely":[22],"ever":[24],"before.":[25],"They":[26,34],"make":[28,218],"better":[29],"predictions":[30],"smarter":[32],"decisions.":[33],"target":[36],"more-effective":[37],"interventions":[38],"in":[39,83,154],"areas":[40],"that":[41,108],"so":[42],"have":[44,133,168],"been":[45],"dominated":[46],"by":[47,53],"gut":[48],"intuition":[50],"rather":[51],"data":[54,61,73,157,216],"rigor.":[56],"The":[57,123,183],"differences":[58],"between":[59],"big":[60,195],"are":[64,127,193],"a":[65,97],"matter":[66],"volume,":[68],"velocity,":[69],"variety:":[71],"More":[72],"now":[74],"cross":[75],"internet":[77,86],"every":[78],"second":[79],"were":[81],"stored":[82],"entire":[85],"20":[87],"years":[88],"ago.":[89],"Nearly":[90],"real-time":[91],"information":[92,109],"makes":[93],"it":[94],"possible":[95],"for":[96],"company":[98],"to":[99,134,136,169,172,189,201,217],"be":[100],"much":[101,220],"agile":[103],"its":[105,213],"competitors.":[106],"And":[107],"come":[111],"from":[112],"social":[113],"networks,":[114],"images,":[115],"sensors,":[116],"web,":[118],"or":[119],"other":[120],"unstructured":[121],"sources.":[122],"managerial":[124],"challenges,":[125],"however,":[126],"very":[128,155],"real.":[129],"Senior":[130],"decision":[131,144],"makers":[132],"learn":[135],"ask":[137],"right":[139],"questions":[140],"embrace":[142],"evidence-based":[143],"making.":[145],"Organizations":[146],"must":[147],"hire":[148],"scientists":[149],"who":[150],"find":[152],"patterns":[153],"large":[156],"sets":[158],"translate":[160],"them":[161],"into":[162],"useful":[163],"business":[164],"information.":[165],"IT":[166],"departments":[167],"work":[170],"hard":[171],"integrate":[173],"all":[174],"relevant":[176],"internal":[177],"external":[179],"sources":[180],"data.":[182],"offer":[185],"two":[186],"success":[187],"stories":[188],"illustrate":[190],"how":[191],"companies":[192],"using":[194],"data:":[196],"PASSUR":[197],"Aerospace":[198],"enables":[199],"airlines":[200],"match":[202],"their":[203],"actual":[204],"estimated":[206],"arrival":[207],"times.":[208],"Sears":[209],"Holdings":[210],"directly":[211],"analyzes":[212],"incoming":[214],"store":[215],"promotions":[219],"precise":[222],"faster.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":112},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":186},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":219},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":215},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":207},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":228},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":261},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":220},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":183},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":150},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":155},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":117},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
