{"id":"https://openalex.org/W642273006","doi":null,"title":"Effectiveness of electric deer fences to protect planted seedlings in Pennsylvania","display_name":"Effectiveness of electric deer fences to protect planted seedlings in Pennsylvania","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W642273006","mag":"642273006"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:642273006","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/gtr/gtr_ne148 papers/33george-gtr148.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511223","display_name":"General Technical Report NE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station.","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"General Technical Report NE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station.","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025152984","display_name":"David W. George","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David W. George","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071328957","display_name":"Todd W. Bowersox","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd W. Bowersox","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113773355","display_name":"Larry H. McCormick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry H. McCormick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6236,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62389796,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"148","first_page":"395","last_page":"401"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.8452000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12870","display_name":"Seedling growth and survival studies","score":0.07810000330209732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13388","display_name":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","score":0.06069999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deer-browsing","display_name":"deer browsing","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-survival","display_name":"seedling survival","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timber-harvesting","display_name":"logging","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quercus-rubra","display_name":"Quercus rubra","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-ash","display_name":"white ash","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-pine","display_name":"white pine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liriodendron-tulipifera","display_name":"Liriodendron tulipifera","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbaceous-competition","display_name":"herbaceous competition","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glyphosate","display_name":"glyphosate","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-height-growth","display_name":"seedling height growth","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pennsylvania-forests","display_name":"Pennsylvania forests","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30820588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190903","display_name":"Herbaceous plant","level":2,"score":0.8141169548034668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.6893497109413147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137660486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732240","display_name":"Growing season","level":2,"score":0.6034342050552368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.5635189414024353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.5453289747238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5080633163452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128758860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757163","display_name":"Woody plant","level":2,"score":0.49018269777297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993493234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771018","display_name":"Natural regeneration","level":2,"score":0.4703882932662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4358588457107544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.42366015911102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40811944007873535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3996317982673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.39819639921188354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.31512540578842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:642273006","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/pubs/gtr/gtr_ne148 papers/33george-gtr148.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306511223","display_name":"General Technical Report NE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station.","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"General Technical Report NE - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station.","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4394677637","https://openalex.org/W2328983109","https://openalex.org/W2336536540","https://openalex.org/W3008563066","https://openalex.org/W6987835976","https://openalex.org/W7019133078","https://openalex.org/W2024977640","https://openalex.org/W229519721","https://openalex.org/W203202512","https://openalex.org/W2283617926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electric":[0],"fences":[1,22,100],"are":[2],"used":[3],"in":[4,47,79],"Pennsylvania":[5,28],"following":[6],"a":[7],"timber":[8],"harvest":[9],"to":[10,93,101],"reduce":[11,102],"deer":[12,21,77,99,103],"browse":[13],"on":[14,105,110],"natural":[15],"regeneration.":[16],"In":[17],"1984,":[18],"five-strand":[19],"electric":[20,98],"were":[23,40,59,83,91],"constructed":[24],"around":[25],"two":[26],"central":[27],"clearcuts.":[29],"Northern":[30],"red":[31],"oak,":[32],"white":[33,35],"ash,":[34],"pine,":[36],"and":[37,49,64,76,117],"yellow-poplar":[38],"seedlings":[39,55,107],"planted":[41,106],"inside":[42],"each":[43,57],"fenced":[44],"clearcut":[45],"area":[46],"1984":[48],"1985.":[50],"One-half":[51],"of":[52,71,97],"the":[53,80,95],"1280":[54],"for":[56,86],"species":[58,119],"maintained":[60],"free":[61],"from":[62,113],"herbaceous":[63],"woody":[65],"vegetation":[66],"competition":[67],"with":[68,108],"annual":[69],"applications":[70],"glyphosate.":[72],"Seedling":[73],"survival,":[74],"height":[75,121],"browsing":[78,104],"growing":[81],"season":[82],"recorded":[84],"annually":[85],"four":[87],"years.":[88],"These":[89],"data":[90],"analyzed":[92],"evaluate":[94],"effectiveness":[96],"emphasis":[109],"(a)":[111],"years":[112],"construction,":[114],"(b)":[115],"species,":[116],"(c)":[118],"specific":[120],"growth.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
