{"id":"https://openalex.org/W638071037","doi":null,"title":"Cultural Variability in Crew Communication","display_name":"Cultural Variability in Crew Communication","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W638071037","mag":"638071037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19980211146","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19980211146","pdf_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19980211146/downloads/19980211146.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":"NAS 1.26:205178"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19980211146/downloads/19980211146.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002867721","display_name":"Ute M. Fischer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7518-7058","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7518-7058"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ute Fischer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Inst. for Research Atlanta, GA United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7518-7058","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Inst. for Research Atlanta, GA United States","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002867721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13795","display_name":"Language, Communication, and Linguistic Studies","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crew-communication","display_name":"crew communication","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pilot-communication","display_name":"pilot communication","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/status-asymmetry","display_name":"status asymmetry","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captains","display_name":"captains","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compliance","display_name":"compliance","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-strategies","display_name":"linguistic strategies","score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-variability","display_name":"cultural variability","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-severity","display_name":"risk severity","score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corrective-actions","display_name":"corrective actions","score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intercultural-communication","display_name":"intercultural communication","score":0.35199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q329777","display_name":"Appeal","level":2,"score":0.8333265781402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780179797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q345844","display_name":"Crew","level":2,"score":0.6341690421104431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2648051","display_name":"Obligation","level":2,"score":0.5968717336654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5811445713043213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5614306330680847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5577027201652527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61123122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q281287","display_name":"Politeness","level":2,"score":0.5347567796707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780641677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815726","display_name":"Solidarity","level":3,"score":0.5311354994773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47650066018104553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4425315856933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3995244801044464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.24654453992843628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.22458714246749878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.20628783106803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11371850967407227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19980211146","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19980211146","pdf_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19980211146/downloads/19980211146.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":"NAS 1.26:205178"},{"id":"mag:638071037","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19980211146/downloads/19980211146.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:casi.ntrs.nasa.gov:19980211146","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19980211146","pdf_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19980211146/downloads/19980211146.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","host_organization_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"CASI","raw_type":"NAS 1.26:205178"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W638071037.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W638071037.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109677331","https://openalex.org/W1590063679","https://openalex.org/W1974543382","https://openalex.org/W2011979948","https://openalex.org/W2093421225","https://openalex.org/W2159035740"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W47782536","https://openalex.org/W2156778986","https://openalex.org/W768920854","https://openalex.org/W4233994679","https://openalex.org/W4987415","https://openalex.org/W3168162615","https://openalex.org/W2043626778","https://openalex.org/W287839059","https://openalex.org/W6987615429","https://openalex.org/W562411281"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,352,370,390],"this":[1,98,121,303],"study":[2,232,304],"we":[3],"examined":[4],"what":[5,61],"linguistic":[6],"strategies":[7,38,58,218,290,407],"pilots":[8,239],"use":[9],"when":[10],"they":[11,47,67,78,144,154,249,374,394,437,484],"have":[12],"to":[13,52,86,109,158,168,188,199,205,212,251,287,318,320,324,349,376,387,416,451,455,492],"challenge":[14],"the":[15,25,30,34,55,84,89,103,110,190,222,241,255,265,274,292,326,350,371,384,388,391,399,409,412,433,439,464,472,486,512],"actions":[16,53],"of":[17,54,224,243,264,273,294,314,328,380,411,461,471,480,507],"a":[18,80,138,225,230,329,367,452,456,477,494,505],"colleague,":[19],"and":[20,114,117,129,152,298,338,347,358,427],"how":[21,216],"their":[22,70,115,141,150,169,193,197,244,289,353,469],"communications":[23,262],"balance":[24],"need":[26,31],"for":[27,32,40,83,192,435],"informativeness":[28],"with":[29,88,291,468,476],"assuring":[33],"other's":[35],"cooperation.":[36],"Two":[37],"emerged":[39],"captains.":[41,182,309],"They":[42],"either":[43],"gave":[44],"commands":[45,172,194],"or":[46,208,323,396,454],"made":[48],"suggestions":[49],"that":[50,143,153,238,248,257,278,504],"referred":[51],"crew.":[56],"Both":[57,296],"explicitly":[59,343],"state":[60],"action":[62,334,381,434,496,508],"should":[63,335],"be":[64,213,252,336],"taken":[65,337],"but":[66,345,382,447,474,497],"differ":[68],"in":[69,97,120,124,133,229,246,302,458],"social":[71],"implications.":[72],"Commands":[73],"are":[74,94,126,145,155,420],"direct":[75,96,307],"insofar":[76],"as":[77],"entail":[79],"strong":[81],"obligation":[82,491],"listener":[85,164,413],"comply":[87],"speaker'":[90],"s":[91],"request.":[92],"Suggestions":[93],"less":[95,306],"respect.":[99],"However,":[100],"by":[101,136,166,203,221,339,414,502],"using":[102],"collegial":[104],"\"Let's":[105],"do,\"":[106],"speakers":[107,162],"appeal":[108,167,415],"solidarity":[111],"between":[112],"themselves":[113],"listeners":[116,151],"seek":[118,163,408,463],"compliance":[119,165,410,466],"way.":[122],"Commands,":[123],"contrast,":[125,459],"inherently":[127],"authoritative":[128],"imply":[130],"an":[131],"asymmetry":[132],"status.":[134,170],"Speakers":[135],"giving":[137],"command,":[139],"express":[140],"belief":[142],"socially":[146],"more":[147,174,282,364],"powerful":[148],"than":[149,179,284,308],"thus":[156],"licensed":[157],"command.":[159],"That":[160,482],"is,":[161,483],"Status-based":[171],"were":[173,186,219,281,305,363],"frequent":[175],"among":[176,180],"male":[177,235,258,279,297],"captains":[178,184,259,269,280,286],"female":[181,268,285,299],"Female":[183],"instead":[185],"likely":[187,283],"shift":[189],"motivation":[191],"away":[195],"from":[196],"status":[198],"some":[200,206,321,378,402],"objective":[201],"necessity":[202],"referring":[204],"problem":[207,226,322,453,513],"goal":[209],"It":[210],"remains":[211],"seen,":[214],"however,":[215,443],"captains'":[217],"affected":[220],"severity":[223,293],"situation.":[227],"Results":[228],"preliminary":[231],"involving":[233],"only":[234,467,500],"participants,":[236],"suggests":[237],"increased":[240],"directness":[242],"utterances":[245],"situations":[247],"perceived":[250],"risky.":[253],"Thus":[254],"observation":[256],"used":[260],"complex":[261],"half":[263],"time":[266],"while":[267],"did":[270],"so":[271,499],"75%":[272],"time,":[275],"could":[276],"indicate":[277],"change":[288],"situations.":[295],"first":[300,315,361,372,430,460],"officers":[301,316,362,431,462],"The":[310],"most":[311],"common":[312],"strategy":[313],"was":[317,341],"point":[319],"remind":[325],"captain":[327,400,487],"given":[330],"goal.":[331],"What":[332],"corrective":[333,368,495],"whom":[340],"not":[342,445,475],"stated":[344],"implied":[346],"left":[348,383],"captain.":[351,389],"other":[354],"strategies,":[355],"permission":[356,425],"seeking":[357,426],"confirmation-seeking":[359,428],"questions,":[360,429],"explicit":[365,490],"about":[366],"action.":[369,403,481],"case,":[373,393],"volunteered":[375],"do":[377,498],"course":[379,479,506],"final":[385],"decision":[386],"latter":[392],"inquired":[395],"confirmed":[397],"whether":[398],"wanted":[401],"Although":[404],"all":[405],"three":[406],"his":[417],"authority,":[418],"there":[419],"important":[421],"differences:":[422],"By":[423,449],"asking":[424],"specify":[432],"which":[436],"want":[438],"captain's":[440,465],"compliance.":[441],"Compliance,":[442],"is":[444,509],"demanded":[446],"requested.":[448],"alerting":[450],"goal,":[457],"assessment":[470],"situation":[473],"particular":[478],"place":[485],"under":[488],"no":[489],"initiate":[493],"indirectly":[501],"assuming":[503],"self-evident":[510],"once":[511],"has":[514],"been":[515],"acknowledged.":[516]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
