{"id":"https://openalex.org/W630049242","doi":null,"title":"Television Advertising in Canadian Elections: The Attack Mode, 1993","display_name":"Television Advertising in Canadian Elections: The Attack Mode, 1993","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W630049242","mag":"630049242"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:630049242","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA45329884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306482875","display_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312983","host_organization_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312983"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wilfrid Laurier University Press"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University Press eBooks","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"book","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023593228","display_name":"Walter I. Romanow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Walter I. Romanow","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023593228"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16167665,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.548799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.548799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.26930001378059387,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.14920000731945038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-advertising","display_name":"political advertising","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attack-ads","display_name":"attack ads","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/1993-canadian-federal-election","display_name":"1993 Canadian federal election","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-campaigns","display_name":"political campaigns","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-television","display_name":"English-language television","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising-ethics","display_name":"advertising ethics","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising-effects","display_name":"advertising effects","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participatory-action-research","display_name":"participatory action research","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-politics","display_name":"Canadian politics","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electoral-communication","display_name":"electoral communication","score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/french-language-media","display_name":"French-language media","score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-media","display_name":"English-language media","score":0.675000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.5966982245445251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5667017698287964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992153596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854995","display_name":"Television advertising","level":2,"score":0.4140561819076538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4116404056549072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.28675931692123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.22120031714439392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:630049242","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA45329884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306482875","display_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University Press eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310312983","host_organization_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310312983"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wilfrid Laurier University Press"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University Press eBooks","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W391647378","https://openalex.org/W4392085853","https://openalex.org/W2647117310","https://openalex.org/W4392053750","https://openalex.org/W2149760809","https://openalex.org/W1481155607","https://openalex.org/W4392053592","https://openalex.org/W7162022003","https://openalex.org/W7112851564","https://openalex.org/W4392053591"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Table":[0],"of":[1,41,68,97,108,129,136,164,209,214,220,254,259,274,285,336,349,352,360,368,373,386,397,418,421,449,454,470,498,501,556,564,592,620,643,651,654,658,681,687,731,753,765,771,812,817,830,850,852,857,872,901,910,982,1000,1007,1012,1030,1039,1045,1052,1080,1083,1089,1096,1099,1110,1134,1166,1170,1184,1188,1200,1224,1232,1238,1247,1256,1267,1277,1286,1288,1311,1319,1325],"Contents":[2],"for":[3,269,279,305,494,531,552,1150,1208],"Television":[4,503],"Advertising":[5,43,56,102,109,150,166],"in":[6,99,154,184,190,227,247,290,344,365,375,383,394,411,435,464,472,561,586,594,603,617,624,635,662,668,711,728,747,755,762,781,790,796,808,843,848,865,875,883,898,912,920,936,942,957,962,972,997,1010,1022,1055,1064,1071,1163,1180,1218,1226,1244,1253,1258,1270,1281,1296],"Canadian":[7,50,252,447,502,641,810,845,1028,1057,1182,1201,1271,1317,1323],"Elections:":[8],"The":[9,37,48,71,95,162,424],"Attack":[10,72],"Mode,":[11],"1993":[12,49,88,156,485],",":[13,423,426,430,442,445,451,645,814,820,823,924,927,1140,1186,1193,1197,1203,1302,1305,1309,1316,1321],"edited":[14],"by":[15],"Walter":[16,25,34,63,78,114,173,177,1059,1213],"I.":[17,35,79,174],"Romanow,":[18],"Michel":[19,92,951],"de":[20,93,160,608,693,716,867,888,952,977],"Repentigny,":[21],"Stanley":[22,45,168,356],"B.":[23,46,169],"Cunningham,":[24],"C.":[26,64,115,178],"Soderlund,":[27,116],"and":[28,39,54,62,122,143,176,234,245,256,312,317,327,377,400,428,431,434,452,478,483,504,558,567,577,596,627,639,646,670,674,684,690,706,724,734,739,757,779,787,799,824,841,855,877,908,928,984,991,1003,1014,1026,1073,1077,1123,1126,1129,1141,1157,1190,1204,1228,1261,1264,1279,1284,1291,1313,1322],"Kai":[29,117,742],"Hildebrandt":[30,743],"Acknowledgements":[31],"Introduction":[32],"|":[33,44,58,77,91,103,113,140,158,167,172],"Romanow":[36,80,175,1060],"Theory":[38],"Use":[40,135,482],"Political":[42,69,81,101,131,149,165,182,188,480,748,818,1219,1233,1326],"Cunningham":[47,170,357],"Federal":[51,89,486],"Election:":[52],"Background":[53],"Party":[55,1158],"Strategies":[57],"AndrA":[59,123],"(c)":[60,124,720,892],"Gosselin":[61,125,582],"Soderlund":[65,179,1214],"Contextual":[66],"Analysis":[67,1139],"Advertising:":[70],"Mode":[73],"on":[74,83,151,525,664,834,1049,1117,1147,1154],"English-Language":[75],"TV":[76,85,153,905],"Ads":[82,132],"Quebec":[84,100,152,669,943],"during":[86],"the":[87,127,134,155,196,203,218,251,257,272,366,371,384,395,419,446,468,475,484,495,499,532,541,553,562,590,604,618,625,640,649,712,729,751,763,769,809,870,884,899,946,973,998,1027,1037,1050,1056,1081,1087,1097,1108,1118,1151,1167,1174,1181,1222,1236,1245,1262,1265],"Election":[90,157,487],"Repentigny":[94,953],"Role":[96],"Images":[98],"Estelle":[104,860],"Lebel":[105,861],"Quantitative":[106],"Assessment":[107],"Effects:":[110],"Survey":[111],"Data":[112],"Hildebrandt,":[118],"Stuart":[119,1329],"H.":[120],"Surlin,":[121],"Exploring":[126],"Impact":[128],"Negative":[130],"through":[133],"Participatory":[137],"Action":[138],"Research":[139,819],"T.F.":[141],"Carney":[142,206],"Alexander":[144,459],"Gill":[145,460],"Cognitive":[146],"Responses":[147],"to":[148,299,323,509,537,574,784,854,949],"Jacques":[159,692],"Guise":[161,694],"Ethics":[163,457],"Conclusions":[171],"Appendix":[180,186],"A:":[181],"Advertisements":[183,189],"English":[185],"B:":[187],"French":[191],"Notes":[192],"Glossary":[193],"Bibliography":[194],"About":[195,202],"Authors":[197,204],"Name":[198],"Index":[199,201],"Subject":[200],"Tom":[205],"(PhD,":[207,358,1331],"University":[208,219,359,372,469,591,752,770,871,1070,1088,1223,1237],"London,":[210],"1957)":[211],"was":[212,1161],"professor":[213,382,602,710,761,882,971,1076,1111,1231],"Communication":[215,255,387,440,443,450,465,587,636,644,766,813,921,1023,1031,1046,1065,1084,1185,1194,1210,1306,1320],"Studies":[216,444,466,588,767,1066,1085,1202,1211],"at":[217,370,518,610,697,718,768,890,1086,1102,1235],"Windsor":[221,374,471],"from":[222,308,467,589,750,776,869,959,1067,1221],"1977":[223],"until":[224,1336],"his":[225,295,337,462,538,584,745,955,1062,1216],"retirement":[226],"1995.":[228],"His":[229,389,613,630,672,722,773,993,1017,1113,1240],"research":[230,339,391,516,547,614,667,725,832,895,916,938,994,1047,1114,1145,1168,1241,1295],"covered":[231],"many":[232],"subjects,":[233],"he":[235,513,549,597,647,965,1035,1092,1105,1142,1176,1292],"has":[236,264,297,380,409,550,917,1177,1293],"published":[237,410,634,661,800,919,1021,1162,1178,1294],"several":[238],"books":[239],"as":[240,242,250,322,403,405,416,439,545,568,804,806,968,1075,1094,1299],"well":[241,404,805],"numerous":[243],"articles":[244,631,807,1018,1179],"reviews":[246],"journals":[248,414,1297],"such":[249,415,438,1298],"Journal":[253,258,417,448,453,642,811,816,1029,1183,1187,1207,1310,1318,1324],"Computer":[260],"Documentation":[261],".":[262,458,488,931,1032,1212,1328],"Methodology":[263,347],"been":[265,381,633,918,1020],"a":[266,515,519,546,569,709,831,980,1040,1144],"special":[267],"interest":[268],"him":[270],"since":[271,378],"publication":[273],"Content":[275],"Analysis:":[276],"A":[277,334],"Technique":[278],"Systematic":[280],"Inference":[281],"From":[282],"Communications":[283],"(University":[284,348],"Manitoba":[286],"Press,":[287],"1972,":[288],"reprinted":[289],"1979).":[291],"In":[292,535],"recent":[293],"years,":[294,1175],"focus":[296,1116],"shifted":[298],"qualitative":[300],"research,":[301],"investigating":[302],"innovative":[303,338],"methods":[304],"eliciting":[306],"information":[307,638,923,1025,1196,1308],"collaborators":[309],"without":[310],"leading":[311],"then":[313],"recording,":[314],"verifying,":[315],"analysing,":[316],"synthesizing":[318],"these":[319],"data":[320],"so":[321],"present":[324],"them":[325],"clearly":[326],"succinctly":[328],"while":[329],"showing":[330],"their":[331],"larger":[332],"significance.":[333],"compilation":[335],"designs":[340],"may":[341],"be":[342],"found":[343],"Collaborative":[345],"Inquiry":[346,926],"Windsor,":[350,1103],"Division":[351],"Instructional":[353],"Development,":[354],"1990).":[355],"Toronto,":[361],"1965)":[362],"began":[363],"teaching":[364,723,979],"Department":[367,385,555,764,1082],"Philosophy":[369,427],"1961":[376],"1980":[379],"Studies.":[388],"principal":[390],"interests":[392,615,726,774,896,995,1115,1242],"lie":[393,616,727,996,1243],"philosophy":[396,413],"communication,":[398,622,978,1249],"propaganda":[399],"communication":[401,406,436,609,660,666,696,717,786,889],"theory,":[402],"ethics.":[407],"He":[408,489,793,826,1131,1274],"both":[412,1009],"History":[420],"Ideas":[422],"Monist":[425],"Rhetoric":[429],"Informal":[432],"Logic":[433],"serials":[437],"Yearbook":[441],"Mass":[455,1209],"Media":[456,1135,1192,1278,1315],"received":[461,583,744,862,954,1061,1215],"MA":[463],"1994,":[473],"authoring":[474],"thesis":[476],"Message":[477],"Context:":[479],"Information":[481],"is":[490,598,648,707,758,827,878,933,1036,1132,1229,1275],"currently":[491,599,708,828,879,966,1106,1230],"communications":[492],"director":[493],"Toronto":[496],"branch":[497],"Alliance":[500],"Radio":[505,576],"Artists":[506],"(ACTRA).":[507],"Prior":[508],"assuming":[510],"this":[511],"position,":[512],"led":[514],"team":[517],"Toronto-based":[520],"media":[521,689,732,1122,1125,1251,1269],"analysis":[522],"firm,":[523],"working":[524],"more":[526],"than":[527],"50":[528],"studies,":[529],"largely":[530],"finance":[533],"industry.":[534],"addition":[536],"work":[539],"with":[540,679,940,988],"Windsor-Laval":[542],"advertising":[543,1149],"project":[544,833],"associate,":[548],"worked":[551],"federal":[554],"Indian":[557],"Northern":[559],"Affairs":[560],"area":[563,619,999,1246],"environmental":[565],"regulation":[566],"freelance":[570],"journalist,":[571],"contributing":[572],"items":[573],"CBC":[575],"various":[578,801],"print":[579],"publications.":[580],"Andre":[581],"PhD":[585,746,864,956,1063,1217],"Paris":[593],"1990,":[595],"an":[600,652,759,880,969],"associate":[601,760,881,970],"Departement":[605,713,885,974],"dainformation":[606,714,886,975],"et":[607,637,715,887,922,976,1024,1195,1307],"Universite":[611,960],"Laval.":[612,721,893],"political":[621,659,665,777,785,1127,1148,1272],"violence":[623],"media,":[626],"economic":[628],"communication.":[629,691,741],"have":[632,1019],"editor":[650],"issue":[653],"Hermes":[655],"(a":[656],"journal":[657],"France)":[663],"France.":[671],"undergraduate":[673,983],"graduate":[675,985],"courses":[676,986],"all":[677],"deal":[678],"methodology":[680],"social":[682,685,737],"sciences":[683],"psychology":[686],"mass":[688,1121,1268],"studied":[695],"laEcole":[698],"Pratique":[699],"des":[700],"Hautes":[701],"Etudes,":[702],"La":[703],"Sorbonne":[704],"(Paris),":[705],"UniversitA":[719,891],"areas":[730,900],"effects":[733],"attitude":[735],"change,":[736],"marketing,":[738],"health":[740],"Science":[749,1101,1220,1234,1327],"Michigan":[754,1225,1332],"1990":[756],"Windsor.":[772,1090,1239],"range":[775],"attitudes":[778],"behaviour":[780],"Western":[782],"Europe":[783],"methodological":[788],"issues":[789,851],"intercultural":[791],"comparisons.":[792],"co-authored":[794],"Germany":[795],"Transition":[797],"(1981)":[798],"book":[802],"chapters":[803],"European":[815],"Politische":[821],"Vierteljahresschrift":[822],"elsewhere.":[825],"part":[829],"comparative":[835],"legal":[836,858],"education":[837],"that":[838,1160,1171],"studies":[839],"alumni/ae":[840],"students":[842],"five":[844],"law":[846],"schools":[847],"terms":[849,1011],"access":[853],"success":[856],"education.":[859],"her":[863],"Sciences":[866],"1aeducation":[868],"MontrA":[873],"(c)al":[874],"1989":[876],"Her":[894,915],"are":[897],"mass-mediated":[902],"images":[903],"(advertisements,":[904],"programs,":[906],"photojournalism)":[907],"representation":[909],"women":[911,941],"audiovisual":[913],"media.":[914],"Semiotic":[925],"Recherches":[929],"feministes":[930],"She":[932],"also":[934],"participating":[935],"SSHRCC-sponsored":[937],"dealing":[939,987],"television":[944,1004],"over":[945],"period":[947],"1952":[948],"1992.":[950],"linguistics":[958],"Laval":[961],"1984,":[963],"where":[964,1104],"serves":[967],"variety":[981],"mass-media":[989],"language":[990],"discourse.":[992],"daily":[1001],"newspaper":[1002],"news":[1005,1054],"coverage":[1006],"events,":[1008],"verbal":[1013],"non-verbal":[1015],"content.":[1016],"As":[1033],"well,":[1034],"author":[1038],"UNESCO":[1041],"New":[1042],"World":[1043],"Order":[1044],"document":[1048],"treatment":[1051],"international":[1053,1248],"press.":[1058],"Wayne":[1068],"State":[1069,1333],"1974":[1072],"served":[1074,1093],"founding":[1078],"chair":[1079],"Subsequently,":[1091],"dean":[1095],"Faculty":[1098],"Social":[1100],"holds":[1107],"rank":[1109],"emeritus.":[1112],"interrelationships":[1119],"between":[1120],"society,":[1124],"processes,":[1128],"advertising.":[1130],"co-author":[1133,1276],"Canada:":[1136],"An":[1137],"Introductory":[1138],"headed":[1143],"study":[1146],"Royal":[1152],"Commission":[1153],"Electoral":[1155],"Reform":[1156],"Financing":[1159],"volume":[1164],"12":[1165],"findings":[1169],"commission.":[1172],"Over":[1173],"Broadcasting":[1189,1312],"Electronic":[1191,1314],"American":[1198],"Review":[1199],"Gazette:":[1205],"International":[1206],"1970":[1227],"especially":[1250],"portrayal":[1252],"North":[1254],"America":[1255,1260],"events":[1257],"Latin":[1259],"Caribbean":[1263],"role":[1266],"processes.":[1273],"Elections":[1280],"Canada":[1282,1289],"(1984)":[1283],"co-editor":[1285],"Profiles":[1287],"(1998),":[1290],"Comparative":[1300],"Politics":[1301],"Journalism":[1303],"Quarterly":[1304],"Surlin":[1330],"University,":[1334],"1974),":[1335],"hi":[1337]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}